Farshaxankiisa Bruegel the Elder. The nolosha iyo shaqada farshaxanka

Ninka ayaa la qanacsanayn siyaasadda ee maamulka iyo permissiveness ee kaniisadda, laakiin dhammaan nolosha iska aamusay. Waayo, waxaa ka hadlay farshaxankiisa. Ka dib ma uusan ku waraaqaha ku qoran, laakiin sii adkeeyey dugsiga ee rinjiyeynta. Wuxuu u abuuray Eebe masterpieces iyo been abuurtay dad kale. Magaca mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu noocoodu yahay ee la soo dhaafay - Piter Breygel Elder.

Hanad, kuwaas oo ku dhawaad waxba waa la yaqaan

Lama yaqaan, xitaa taariikhda saxda ah ee uu ku dhashay. Si aad u badbaaday macluumaad kala daadsan oo keliya in gobolkii Dutch ee Breda ee 1525 ilmo ku dhashay kuwaas ayaa loo dhoofiyay in hoos tagaan taariikhda farshaxanka adduunka hoos magaca Elder Piter Breygel. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay u muuqataa naanaysta ka badan oo - "Muzhitskii". Noloshiisa oo dhan ayaa gudahood saddex waraaqaha extant. Tani record aqbalaada by Brueghel in Guild ah Ranjiilayaasha 'magaalada Antwerp, oo ku saabsan guurka iyo danbaysay rikoorka oo dhan oo ka mid ah dhimasho iyo aaska.

Taasi oo dhan. Farshaxankii ugu weyn ee uu waqtiga, ma uu ka tago wax kasta oo Wehbe is ama Wehbe oo uu naagtiisa iyo carruurta. Waxaa jira tuhun ah in qaar ka mid ah farshaxankiisa artist isaga qudhiisa ku muujinayaa, siinta jilayaasha muuqaalada ay shakhsi gaar ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, rinjiyeynta ah by Brueghel Elder dhawraan oo ay si qarsoodi ah. Waxaa jiray, si kastaba ha ahaatee, Wehbe uu, xardhan by saffarro, laakiin waxay leeyihiin eg ma in kasta oo kale, oo sidaas daraaddeed ma lagu qanci karo.

Waxaa oo dhan ku bilaabantay gooldhalinta

Laakiin ma aha wax kasta oo inaga qarsoon by time. Waxaa la og yahay in bilowgii mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed Brueghel bartay muuqaallo kale. farshaxanka Tani baray uu rinjiile maxkamadda, ka dibna loo aqoonsan yahay Master Piter Kuk van Aalst. Waayo, nin dhallinyaro ah oo ahaa nasiib si aad u hesho studio sida Maestro u qadariyo. Tayadiisa si dhaqso ah, iyo in uu dhawaan ka helay shaqo ugu fiican daabacayaa publisher Hieronymus Kock.

Dheeraad ah, ugu dambeyntii goostay ay by habka nolosha - waa farshaxaniiste ah oo khibrad leh. Tartiib tartiib, artist dhallinyarada noqdo si dhow ula naqshadeynta gudahood, oo wuxuu bilaabaa inuu isku dayi rinjiyeynta.

Ku biirista Guild ee Artists

Farshaxankiisa Bruegel Elder furay jidka isaga u Guild of Artists. Haddii ay dhacdo waa mid aad u muhiim ah, maadaama ay ahayd filan si aad u hesho amar faa'iido suurto gal ahayn oo aan xaaladda rasmiga ah, iyo mustaqbalka - meel maxkamadda.

Ku biirista Guild ah, Piter Breygel Elder ugu horeysay arkay sawirka ninkii isaga ka horreeyay weyn Ieronima Boskha. Waxay naxay uu male. Filan lahaanshaha by markii ugu xirfadaha farsamada, ayuu ka abuuray taxane ah oo farshaxankiisa, toogasho ku style ah ee uu ku daydo. Waayo, sawirka indhaha layli ah Brueghel Elder khilaafeen yar ka farshaxankiisa Bosch.

Picture saxiix kale

Oo halkan waxaa jiray dhacdo xun. Xaqiiqada ah in aan waxba tarayn ayaa had iyo jeer ahaa mid ka mid ah mada aadanaha, iyo macaamiisha qaar ka mid ah ayaa soo iibsaday ka farshaxankiisa Bruegel on shardi ah in uu muu iyaga saxiixiisa, iyo saxiixa qaar ka mid ah sayidkooda Gaalowday. fanaaniinta Young qabtaan codsiyada ay. Laakiin mar waxaa jiray fadeexad: xardho ku saabsan sheekada ka mid ah farshaxankiisa lagu iibiyey la saxiixa Ieronima Boskha sida script ee lacagta weyn. Iyada oo dhib cajiib ah u suurtagashay in ay ka fogaadaan dhib halis ah.

Safarka A si Italy iyo doorashada siyaabood hal abuur leh

Marka Bruegel da'da 25, wuxuu u safray Italy. Waa inaan sheegaa in dalka this ayaa had iyo jeer Mecca ah fanaaniinta. Saddex boqol oo sannadood ee Karl Bryullov qoray in hawada aad ee Italy waxaa ka buuxa waxyoon. Halkan rinjiile dhallinyarada ahaa arkay Bbc, taas oo ka dibna soo noolaaday in farshaxankiisa. Marka laga soo laabtay safar, wuxuu ku noolaa Antwerp ka dibna Brussels.

Waqtigaa, artist Brueghel Elder ay horey ayaa la go'aansaday sidii dabeecad hal abuur leh. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in bartamihii qarnigii XVI ee rinjiyaynta Netherlands ka heysatay jihada "novelists", fanaaniinta ie, hammigan uu style shaqada ee Mannerism Talyaani. Si ka duwan yihiin, ayuu ku hadhay aamin ah dugsiga dhaqanka staroniderlandskoy.

Calaamad in shuqullada artist ah

Hal-abuurka Bruegel the Elder isku daraa waxyaalaha aasaaska ah ee xaqiiqda iyo khiyaali ah. Sida dad badan oo horumar ah oo uu waqti, oo uu ku qanacsanayn go'amada difaacaneysa oo ka mid ah maamulka iyo kaniisadda ee dalka, laakiin wuxuu sheegay in aan waxba, sida walba dhicin in kor loo qaado codkiisa riski ku jirta ah. Xukunnada ayaa si deg deg ah ay ku soo rogeen. saffarro uu tixgeliyaa "carrab la '." Laakiin artist leeyahay hub isaga u gaar ah - racfaanka dadkii ku dhex Calaamooyinka bixitaankii farshaxankiisa. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen nooca fariimaha ku suntan. Farshaxankiisa Bruegel the Elder - waa "af Aesop" in rinjiyeynta. Ma aha qof kasta fahamsan yahay macnaha, laakiin kuwii ay loogu talagalay, luqadda, kanu wuxuu ahaa Fasiixsan badan erayada.

Piter Breygel Elder naftiisa ku dhamaatay September 15, 1569, iyaga oo gaarey meelaha cusub oo hal-abuurka iyo saamayn horumarinta dhan rinjiyeynta dunida ku xiga. dambaska ayaa helay nasasho weligeed ah kiniisadda of Virgin ee Brussels. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa marka hore si ay u muujiyaan in farshaxankiisa oo ka mid ah nolosha dadka caadiga ah ay ahayd oo u noqday kuwa loo yaqaan "ridayeen" artist. article waxay soo bandhigaysaa 4 udaabacida ah farshaxankiisa: "Farshaxankii connoisseur" (laga yaabee waxaa uu xambaarsanyahay, muuqaalada sawirka qoraaga), "Tower of Babel", "ridayeen Wedding" iyo "The Return of ugaarsadaha ugu."