Formic acid

Formic acid (E 236, methanoic acid) waxaa ka mid ah acids monocarboxylic (cokan) waa in meesha ugu horeysa. Under xaaladaha caadiga ah, maalkiisu waa dareere ah midab. formula kiimikada ee HCOOH acid formic.

Waxa intaa dheer in dabeecadihiisa acid, waxa uu muujinayaa tayada iyo aldehydes. Tan waxa u sabab qaabka wax E236 ah.

walaxda si dabiici ah ka dhaca helay maraboob, cirbadaha, miraha, dheecaanka iyo dhamayta iyo shinnida iyo quraanjada. Formic acid markii ugu horaysay la helay iyo ku tilmaamay in qarnigii 17aad. Waxa ay magaca shay leeyahay, sababtoo ah waxaa la ogaaday in Qudhaanjadu.

Caadi ahaan, qayb ka waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida preservative iyo wakiilka bakteeriyada in cuntuu. guryaha kiimikada ee formic acid caanuhu ka suuska iyo putrefaction. Taasi waa sababta ay silage iyo hay daaweeyaa walax this, ku adkaystaan dheer. walax waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa in daawada. dhogortood dyeing (mordant) sida bleach for beds maqaarka, in ay gacanta of dulin apiculture sida dareeraha ah inta lagu guda jiro qaar ka mid ah falcelinta sidoo kale khuseysaa formic acid.

guryaha The kiimiko oo ah walaxda waxaa lagu muujiyey sida function ka mid ah ka-fiirsashada. Iyadoo la tixraacayo soocidda Midowga Yurub, oo sideeda oo tiro ka mid ah ilaa 10% onovozdeystvuet taana, in ka badan 10% - xoqe si.

100% acid formic (dareere) oo xiriir la leh maqaarka dhirfinaya gubasho aad u daran. Helitaanka xitaa qadar yar waxaa ka mid ah in uruuray on daboolka sida keena xanuun aad u daran. meesha ay dhibaatadu saameysey horeysay bilaabo inuu ka soo leexdo u caddaa sida haddii daboolay baraf ka dibna waxay noqotaa mid ah wax ka. Qiyaastii aagga gubtay waxaa la aasaasay by soohdinta a red. Acid si deg deg ah geli karin lakabka cutaneous baruurta, sidaas darteed waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si degdeg ah loo soo saaro dhaqo meesha ay dhibaatadu saameysey.

Labada nin urursan walxaha wuxuu keeni karaa waxyeello ku mareenka-mareenka iyo indhaha. Qalad ah garaacid gudaha, xataa foomka la badhxay, methane acid keena nooca caloosha daran necrotic.

Jirku wuxuu si deg deg ah u baddalaya iyo bandhigayaa walaxda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay la socoto this, E236 iyo formaldehyde, kuwaas oo la aasaasay at ah oo lagu sumoobo la methanol, cadhaysiinina lesions in dareemaha iftiinka, taasoo keentay in indho la'aan.

muravtinoy cusbada acid waa formates magaca. Diirinta xoog sulfuric acid keenaysaa in E236 degradable in H2O iyo CO oo loo isticmaalo si ay u sameeyaan carbon monoxide.

acid formic industrially diyaar ka hydroxide sodium iyo carbon monoxide.

daartu dhibic The walax 100,7, baraf - 8.25 degrees.

At xaaladaha qolka E236 decomposes in carbon monoxide iyo biyo. Sida laga soo xigtay Cad tijaabo ah, methane xoog badan acetic acid. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u tahay awood u leh inay si degdeg ah ugu horeysay xaqiro, waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida dareeraha ah waa mid aad u dhif ah.

Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in E236 waa mid aad u hygroscopic. Inta lagu guda jiro tijaabo waxaa la ogaaday in wax soo saarka ee samaynta ammooniya by isticmaalaya reagents dehydrating suurtogal ma aha.

Formic acid xiriir sax ahayn la hawada qoyan.

khayroon daahirnimo E236 ka badan 99% waxaa la diyaarin karaa xal aqueous, iyadoo la isticmaalayo muxaadaro laba-yada a iyadoo la isticmaalayo butyric acid. muxaadaro ugu horeeya ee meesha biyaha bulk. hadhay waxa ku jiri doonaan qiyaastii 77% walax -th. Si aad u codsato in ay playout 3 - 6 jeer xaddiga butyric acid ee foomka of isku dar ah azeotropic.

In geeddi-socodka ah ee furitaanka weel la E236 waa in loo feejignaadaa. Marka kaydinta cadaadis weyn acid formic laga kartaa muddo dheer in markabka.