In sharaf of qof uu magacaabay Taliyaha Islands? duulaan ee Vitus Bering

Taliyaha Islands yihiin jasiiradaha ah, oo ay ku jiraan 4 waaweyn iyo 10 jasiiradaha yaryar. Waxay ku yaalaan koonfurta-galbeed ee Badda Bering ah. Waxay ku taalaa Waqooyiga Pacific. Bering Sea on map ah waa in la doondoonay dhexeeya qayb ka fog bari ee Russia iyo Alaska Maraykanka. Sida laga soo xigtay heerka maamulka, jasiiradaha ah oo ku yaalla gobolka Kamchatka ee Ruushka. Dad yar ogahay, in sharaf of Taliyaha kii waxaa loo magacaabay Islands.

Waxay si dhow ula isku maran dhaqanka Ruush iyo Aleut. ugu weyn waa formation of Bering Island, taas oo uu leeyahay elongated ah xagga woqooyi foomka koonfureed. Waxay leedahay meel ka mid ah 1.660 kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran. Oo ka mid ah afar qaababka dadka jasiiradda ku nool oo kaliya waxa on. Kuwo kale ayaa weli Anfaco Taliyaha Islands. Russia leedahay wax badan oo ka mid ah meelaha la mugga dadweynaha hooseeyo. jasiiradaha Kuwaasi waxay ula dhaqmaan.

In tuulada Nikolskoye on Bering Island waa qiyaastii 700 oo deggan. Si aad u hesho in ay barriga, ay u baahan yihiin in ay ka gudbaan dhawr boqol oo kiilomitir. duulimaadka diyaaradaha waa 3 saacadood, iyo sida oo kale in ay u guuraan shiidaa maqan. Xilliga jiilaalka, jasiiradda daboolay baraf oo ah buunafuufid xusuus hadda xoog dabaysha. In kulaylka xagaaga Doono deegaanka mar mar kaliya. Inta badan heysatay by cimilada qoyan, ceeryaanta culus, oo inta badan da'o. Lagu gartaa isbeddel af badan ee xaaladaha cimilada.

duulaan hore ee Vitus Bering

Waxaa oo dhan ku bilaabantay Tsar Ruushka, kaas oo "furay dariishaddii ah in Europe." At ahayd gabbaldhac oo boqornimadiisa , Peter aan ka qeyb qaatay firfircoon abuurka tallaabooyin lagu furo goobaha cusub ee waqooyiga iyo bariga, iyo sidoo kale waddo marinnada badda ee Maraykanka iyo dalalka oo Indian. Bilowga 1725, ka cudurro halis ah daallan, Tsar Ruushka si ay u horumariyaan xeerarka shaqada diyaarinta "Siberian duulaan", ujeedada taas oo ahayd in ay gaaraan America iyada oo xeebta badda woqooyi ee daraasadda iyo iyaga qoro on map ka jira.

Hogaamiyaha duulaan noqday Vitus Bering, furitaanka kaas oo noqon doona mid laga cabsado mustaqbalka. Maciin bidi Dane ku dhacay, ugu horrayn sababta oo ah isku day ay ku soo noqnoqda in ay gaaraan xeebaha American. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu awoodi waayey inuu mari cidhiidhi ah, taas oo markii dambe la odhan jiray ka dib markii iyada oo loo marayo, iyadoo ay sabab u ah oo uu ku 1730kii noqday St. Petersburg.

duulaan labaad ee Vitus Bering

In caasimadda ah ee Empire Ruush ah Behring sheegay in safarka uu ku Anny Dowladda Ioannovny, iyo sidoo kale cilmi-baaris cusub oo muujisay qorshaha, ku dooday muhiimadda ay leedahay waxbarashada dhulalka waqooyiga iyo soohdimaha Siberian, si ay u awoodaan in ay ku ganacsan la North-West America iyo Japan.

Qorshaha ayaa waxaa ay taageerayaan Navigator deenishka, taasoo keentay in ay fulinta waxaa bixiyey maaliyad la taaban karo. Taasi waa sababta Russia waxaa go'an Bering dhan furay. dadaala Gaarka ah ee hirgelinta mashruuca ka Yeellay Senate, maamulka iyo Academy of Sciences. In 1732, waxaa jiray amar ee Senate ku saabsan diyaarinta ka duulaan labaad Kamchatka. Waxay noqotay in loo yaqaan Northern Great ku duulaan. amarkiina waxaa lagu dhawaaqay in duulaan waa ugu fog, dhib badan, ayaa markii ugu horeysay fuliyo.

Great Northern duulaan bilaabay in 1733 oo ku dhamaaday 1743. Ka dib baadhaya natiijada ka heli kartaa, oo lagu sharfayo Taliyaha kii waxaa loo magacaabay Islands. duulaan oo ka kooban 7 kooxaha, kuwaas oo ka madax banaan midba midka kale. 10 markab oo hoy 580 oo qof. Hawlaha unit kasta oo ka mid ah baaritaanka loo dejiyay kala duwan.

kooxaha hawsha

Xulka First, kuwaas oo uu hoggaaminayay geeyeen Stepan Muravev iyo Mikhail Pavlov, gaaray jidkooda ka Arkhangelsk. Waxa uu ahaa loogu tala galay si ay u sahamiyaan aagga xeebta u dhaxaysa dibinta Pechora iyo umuliya.

unit labaad, taas oo ka Tobolsk tegey, amray by Lieutenant Dmitry Ovtsyn. Waxa uu u baahan yahay si ay u sahamiyaan xeebta bari ee gacanka umuliya in dhamaadka woqooyi Peninsula Taimyr ama Khatanga.

Lieutenant Vasily Pronchishchev keentay askartii saddexaad, oo shaqadoodu ahayd in la baaro xeebta, galbeed ee afka Lena ah. Wada jir ah ula sarkaalka Ruush ee dabaasha u tegey inuu naagtiisa Tatiana. Iyana waxay noqotay haweeneydii ugu horeysay ee ka qayb-galay duulaan ku kala horjeeda.

Madaxa askartii afaraad noqday Lieutenant Peter Lasinius, ka dib kuwaas dhimashada mas'uul ayaa loo magacaabay Dmitry Laptev. Ujeedooyinka kooxdan oo ah cilmi ka mid waxbarasho ee xeebta bari, taas oo afka Lena si Bering ee Strait casriga ah ka kala.

At madaxa laanta shanaad si toos ah uu ahaa Bering ah. Waxaa mudnaanta ninkan mustaqbalka ay noqon doontaa jawaabta su'aasha ah: "? In sharaf of qof uu magacaabay Taliyaha Islands". Xulka Fifth loogu talagalay si ay u sahamiyaan Kamchatka iyo North-West ee America iyo gasiirad jira ee Badweynta Pacific North.

go'idda lixaad hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Martin Shpanberg lahaa si aad u ogaato oo ku saabsan Islands Kuril iyo xeebaha Japan. Ujeedooyinka xulka toddobaad, oo waxaa la odhan jiray Academic, waxaa ka mid ahaa daraasadda ee aagga gudaha ee Siberia. Madaxiisiina waxaa lagu magacaabay Professor Gerhard Miller. shaqada cilmibaadhayaasha ayaa la qabtay in hab qarsoodi ah.

Gaaraan kooxda koowaad

Xulka First ayaa 4 sano in ka Arkhangelsk guurto afka River umuliya ah. guusha badan, cilmi aan gaari (waxa furay Behring marka la barbar dhigo) - ayaa lagu tilmaamay in si cadaalad ah aagga yar oo xeebta, Ugra kubada iyo Matveev Island, Long iyo Local. Tan waxaa in badan sabab u ah ee kii cambaar qaba, kaas oo la engegsan xubnaha duulaan ka maalmood ee ugu horreeya safarka ku dhow.

Waxaa jiray dhibaatooyin la xiriira anshaxa dhex baxriyiintii ayaa, si loo gaaro in codsan Cadaab daran ee daadanayay. Hagaha kooxda koowaad waxaa jiray khilaaf, laakiin xilliga qaboobaha dadka deegaanka soo martay dhibaatayn by forwarders xamuulka ku salaysan oo ay bilaabeen in ay helaan cabashooyin. Ka dib markii in ay jirto wax isbedel ah oo hoggaanka, amrayo kooxda noqday Sarreeye a Stepan Malygin, oo markii danbe la dhamaystiray shaqada ee kooxda koowaad.

In la gaaro kooxda labaad

duulaan ee Vitus Bering in qaybta labaad ee qaybta ka ahaa awoodaan in ay gaaraan guul weyn marka la barbardhigo kooxda koowaad. Intii uu howlgalka, sarkaalka askartii Ovtsyna si ay u dhamaystiraan hawsha, kuwaas oo la xidhiidha daraasadda of xeebaha afka umuliya si Yenisei ka. Ka dib markii uu yimid in hoggaamiyaha kooxda St. Petersburg ayaa la celiyay saddex sano laga bilaabo safarka ka dib, ku salaysan go'aan siyaasadeed. Waxa uu tixgalinayo la xiriir dhow la leh Prince Dolgoruky, oo masaafuris.

Intaas ka dib, kooxda labaad ee madaxda u noqon Fedor Minin iyo Dmitry Sterlegov. Intii ay safarka ugu horeysay Minin ahaa si ay u tagaan oo keliya inay afka Yenisei ay awood. Markaasaa xagaagii sannadka soo socda uu u dhaqaaqay bari. Laakiin ka dib markii marayay qaar ka mid ah jasiiradaha yaryar, wajahay barafka, Minin go'aansaday inuu joojiyo inuu isaga tago. Sterlegov dalkii daboolay fogaanshaha in waqooyi bari ee afka River Yenisei u Cape, taasi oo markii dambe waxaa la odhan jiray ka dib. Kamchatka duulaan xulka labaad Vitus Bering ee dhamaadka this.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inta u dhaxaysa hoggaamiyeyaasha cusub ee kooxda labaad waxaa jiray kala duwan. Ka dib markii ka soo laabtay duulaan asalkiisu ka soo jeedo dacwadda taas oo keentay Minin ahaa celiyay baxriyiintii ayaa muddo 2 sano ah.

Guulaha cutubkan saddexaad

go'idda saddexaad saarnaa ee "Yakutsk" afka Lena ka soo qabtay ay jidka galbeed. Marka ay gaareen afka Olenek, madaxa kooxda Pronchishchev waxaa la go'aamiyay in xilliga qaboobaha. kooxda ka dib markii sii duulaan ku, gudbid barafka culus. Gaaritaanka xeebta Taimyr Peninsula ee xagga bari, cilmi sabab u tahay awood la'aanta in ay sii wadaan waddada dib ugu afka Olenek.

Ka dib markii dhimasho Pronchishchev ee 1736 wuxuu noqday madaxa askartii Chariton Laptev. forwarders Freight ayaa dhameystirtay xeebta Jasiiradda Taimyr ah by dalka.

Guulaha of unit afaraad

kooxda afaraad khasaare aadanaha badan ay sabab u tahay kii cambaar qaba, kaas oo u dhintay iyadoo ay sabab u madaxiisa - Peter Lasinius, iyo sidoo kale 35 xubnood oo duulaan ku. Hoggaamiyaha cusub ee ahaa Dmitry Laptev, ayaa si guul leh sahamiyey xeebta u dhaxaysa Lena iyo Kolyma ah. Under amarkiisa, askartii afraad ayaa dadaal lagu doonayo in Gudo ku Peninsula Chukotka iyo gaari badda Kamchatka, laakiin in waxba idiinma tarin.

Guulaha of unit shanaad. helitaanka Islands Taliyaha

koox shanaad hogaaminayo Bering on doomo mail "St. Peter "iyo" Saint. Paul "madax for North America. July 15, 1741 ayaa markii ugu horeysay ku arkay sirkaalkii xeebta "St. Paul "Alexei Chirikov. Dhowr maalmood ka dib markabka soo dhawaaday waynaha hoos imaanaya hoggaanka Bering. Maxaa yeelay, duufaanka "St. Peter "ahaa jasiiradda cidla ah, halkaas oo taliyaha ahaa sirkaalkii dhintay scurvy. Aaska oo ka mid ah xubnaha dhintay duulaan la helay sannadkii 1991.

Sidaas daraaddeed, sharaf kuwaas oo loo magacaabay Taliyaha Islands? In sharaf of Taliyaha Vitus Bering. Laakiin waxaa la lala ma aha oo kaliya in ay magacyada jasiiradaha. Strait iyo Badda Bering on map ee qaybta waqooyi ee Badweynta Pacific oo kale magaca Taliyaha weyn.

Guulaha oo ka mid ah kooxaha lixaad iyo toddobaad

Thanks to amarrada lixaad iyo toddobaad la helay macluumaad waxtar leh ee juquraafi, dhulka, beerta kaladuwan woqooyi iyo bari Siberia, iyo sidoo kale furan iyo bartay Kuril Islands iyo waqooyiga dalka Japan.