Karelia Front in dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic

The War Patriotic Great waxaa loo arkaa inay u geysteen dadka Soviet. Waxay ku qaaday on qiyaasta qaar ka mid ah, oo ku saabsan 40 million. Lives. dagaalada ayaa waxaa keenay duulaankii kedis ah oo ciidanka dalka Wehrmacht on Midowga Soofiyeeti June 22, 1941.

Shuruudaha ee aasaaska Front Karelia ah

Adolf Hitler digniin la'aan siiyey amarka si ay u line oo dhan hore dhabar jab weyn. USSR, ceebownaaye difaaca, soo gaaray mid ka mid ah guuldarro kale ee sano ee hore ee dagaalka ka dib. 1941st ahayd Army Red sanadkii ugu adag, iyo Wehrmacht gaadhi karo ilaa Moscow.

dagaalo Major ayaa dagaallamay Stalingrad, Moscow, Leningrad iyo meelaha kale. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, naasiga ah isku dayeen in ay ka adkaan iyo gobollada waqooyi ka badan. Si looga hor, Northern Front la abuuray, kaas oo ay gacanta ku Front Karelia ah.

History of abuurka

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Great Patriotic Front Karelia la talagalay in looga hortago cadowga si ay u dhexgalaan Arctic ah. Dagaal xoog la aasaasay August 23, 1941. Waxay ku salaysan tahay unugyada military shaqsi galeen hore waqooyiga. laf-dhabar u ah ciidankii gaaray Ciidamada 7 th iyo 14-aad. Waqtiga la xidhiidha Labo Kooxood diriray dheer barbaro line a hore, ka Sea Barents si Lake Ladoga. Waxay markii dambe loo yaqaan "Road of Life". Xarunta Front waxaa ku yaalla Belomorsk in uu ku yaalay ee Jamhuuriyadda Soviet Karelia-Finnish.

Karelia Front inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida la siiyo taageero si ay Northern Fleet ah. Hawsha ugu weyn, kaas oo lahaa si ay ula qabsadaan dagaalyahanada - waa in la hubiyo garabka waqooyi ee difaaca istiraatiijiga ah ee USSR ee Waqooyiga.

7-dii Army uga fogaatay Front Karelia ee 1941. Bishii September 1942 uu ku biiray by saddex ciidanka, iyo dhamaadka ee isla sannadkaas - iyo qayb ka mid ah Air Force ee 7-dii. ciidanka 7-dii uu ku soo laabtay hore kaliya ee 1944.

taliye hore

Taliyaha hore ee dagaalkii labaad ee caalamiga ah Front Karelia ahaa Major General oo ka mid ah ciidamada Red V. A. Frolov, kuwaas oo ku amray ciidamada Soviet jihada this ilaa February 1944. Laga soo bilaabo February in November 1944 Front hogaaminayo Marshal oo ka mid ah Midowga Soviet K. A. Meretskov.

colaadaha

Horeba in August 1941, ka dib bil iyo bar ah ka dib markii uu bilowgii colaad, cadowga gaadhay Front Karelia ah. Iyada oo khasaare culus oo ka mid ah Saraakiisha Ciidanka Red ay awoodaan in ay joojiyaan ka hor ee Wehrmacht ah, oo u dhaqaaqay dhanka daafaca ah. Oo cadowgii wuxuu doonayay si ay ula wareegaan gobolka Polar, iyo askari ka mid ah Front Karelia u soo baxeen inay hawsha difaacaneysa gobolka ka "North" Army Group.

Operation of difaaca Arctic socday ka 1941 si ay u 1944 - si ay u dhamaystiraan badiyeen qaybo ka mid ah Wehrmacht ee Midowga Soofiyeeti. In 1941, Arctic Difaaca ayaa sidoo kale ka qeyb galay Ciidamada Cirka ee Great Britain, kuwaas oo la siiyo taageero muhiim ah in ciidamada dhulka iyo raxan ka mid ah Ciidanka Cas. Ka caawi UK ahaa ku haboon, sababtoo ah kooxda Jarmalka ka adkaaday hawada.

Ciidamada of Front Karelia ilaalinaysay difaaca on the lines soo socda: webiga Zapadnaya Litsa - Ukhta - Povenets - Lake Onega - webiga Svir. On July 4, cadowga ahaa uu socon karo ilaa webiga Zapadnaya Litsa, kaas oo soo bilowday dagaalo kulul. falalka daafaca dhiig keentay in uu sababi bilawga ciidamada cadowga 52aad lugta Qaybta Front Karelia ah. Waxay ay ka helaan taageero wax ku ool ah si ay u Marines ah.

Ciidamada of Front Karelia ka qaybqaatay hawlgalka daafaca Murmansk ah. Waxay ku guuleysteen in ay joojiyaan ruuqaansigii jihada this. Ka dib markii in, amarka Jarmal go'aansaday in aan mar dambe isku dayi doonaan in ay qaataan magaalada Murmansk ee 1941.

In guga ee sanadka soo socda, naasiga oo doonayay in ay dib u qaado hore unachieved dibadda - Murmansk. Ciidanka Cas, markeeda, la qorsheeyey in ay sameeyaan qalliin weerar in ay hoos u ah ciidamada of Wehrmacht ee xadka line of USSR ah. weerar Murmansk waxaa fuliyey hore ka badan Jarmalka ayaa la qorsheeyay inuu ku soo bilowdo oo uu weerar. guulo fiicana u keeneen, laakiinse uma ay oggolaan fashiistaha ah in ay ay weerar gaar ah. Tan iyo markii ay howlgalka Murmansk on qayb this hore ay degto ilaa 1944 sano.

Medvezhegorsk hawlgalka

January 3 ciidamada hore Karelia bilaabay hawlgal kale - Medvezhegorsk, kaas oo socday ilaa 10 January ee isla ee 1942. ciidanka Soviet goobta si weyn u liita cadowga tirada iyo qalab, iyo tababarka shaqaalaha ciidanka. Oo cadowgii wuxuu lahaa khibrad uga badan ee dhaqanka colaadaha meel kaymaha.

Subaxnimadii January 3, Army Cas weerar daba jog madaafiic yar. Qayb ka mid ah Ciidanka Finnish si deg deg ah ku jawaabay in weerarka oo bilaabay af badan oo aan la filayn ee ciidamada counterattack Soviet. Karelia Front Command ku guuldareysatay inay si fiican u diyaariso qorshaha weerarka. Ciidamada hannaankii dhaqmeen, Garaaci hal iyo isku jiho, sababta oo ah waxa cadowga ahaa awoodaan in ay si guul leh iyaga hortago. difaaca A guul ciidanka Finnish keentay in khasaare weyn by Ciidanka Cas.

Dagaallo culus oo aan lahayn guusha badan, sii waday ilaa 10 January. ciidanka Soviet weli u suurtagashay in ay sii 5 km ah oo dheeraad ah si ay u horumariyaan booska. By January 10 cadowga helay xoojiyo oo joogsaday weerarka. Ciidamada Finnish ayaa go'aansaday inuu ku laabto ay hore, laakiin ciidamada hore Karelia waxay ahaayeen in kada ah ay weerar awoodaan. Inta uu hawlgalka socday, ciidamada Soviet weli u suurtagashay in ay xoreeyaan tuulada Velikaya Guba.

Svir-shaqayn Petrozavodskaya

In xagaagii 1944, dirirayay mar xoojiyey ka dib markii uu hakad tan iyo 1943. Ciidamada Soviet, kuwaas oo ku dhawaad bedelay ciidamada Wehrmacht ka soohdinta reer USSR ah, hawlgalka Svir-Petrozavodsk waxaa fuliyey. Waxaa bilaabay June 21, 1944 oo socday ilaa 9 August ee isla sannadkaas. Weerari June 21, waxaa danbayay ka madaafiicda diyaarinta weyn oo weerarka hawada awood on cadowga boosaska daafaca. Ka dib markii bilowgii gudbo River Svir ah, iyo in koorsada dagaal ciidanka Soviet suuragashay in ay qabsadaan bridgehead ah oo dhanka kale ah. Maalintii ugu horraysay ee weerar ballaaran oo lagu guulaystay - Ciidamada Karelia Front hormartay by 6 kiiloomitir. maalintii labaad ee dagaalka uu guul weyn - cutub oo Army Cas u suurtagashay in ay riixaan cadowga 12 kiiloomitir kale.

June 23 weerar qaaday ciidamada 7-dii. weerar ballaaran oo si guul leh horumariyo, iyo ciidankii Finnish bilaabeen dib u gurasho ka dege maalinta ku xigta tan iyo bilowgii hawlgalka. Kooxda Finnish ma ay samayn karin weerarka lagu qaaday mid ka mid ah jabhada iyo waxaa lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan Webi Vidlitsa, halkaas oo kor u qaaday jagooyinka daafaca.

In isku midka ah, horumarinta weerar 32aad Army, taasoo u suurtagashay in ay qabsadaan magaalada Medvezhegorsk, taas oo ku fashilantay in ay gaaraan in 1942. On June 28, Army Cas weerar on magaalada istaraatiijiga ah ee ugu muhiimsan - Petrozavodsk. Oo ay la socdaan ciidamada badda ee Ciidanka Cas ahaa awoodaan in ay maalinta ku xigta xoreeyaan magaalada. Labada dhinac ee dagaalka ayaa khasaare weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ciidamada Finnish ma lahayn ciidamada cusub, oo waxaa lagu qasbay in ay ka baxaan magaalada.

July 2 Karelia Front bilaabeen in ay weeraraan jagooyinka cadowga on webiga Vidlitsa. Horeba ilaa 6 July difaaca awood ah naasiga oo ahaa gebi ahaanba jebiyey, oo Army Soofiyeeti maareeyey si loo horumariyo oo dheeraad ah 35 km. Dagaal culus cabaadeen ilaa 9 August, laakiinse iyagu ma ay keenaan guul - cadowga dhawray difaaca a dhagan, oo wuxuu siiyey amar ay u soo duuduubo on daafaca jagooyinka hore u qabsadeen.

natiijada howlgalka ahaa guuldaradii cutubyo cadowga in lagu qabtay buurayn Lithuanian ah, iyo xoraynta ee dalka. Dhacdooyinkaasi waxay ku keentay in xaqiiqda ah in Finland ayaa helay weli sabab kale oo ay ka baxaan dagaalka.

Petsamo-Kirkenes Offensive

Laga soo bilaabo 7 October 1 November 1944, Ciidamada Cas, oo taageero ka raxan lagu qabtay dhamaadka qalliin lagu guuleystey Petsamo-Kirkenes. On 7 October, diyaarinta a madaafiic xoog badan, ka dib markii taas oo weerar ku bilaabay la sameeyay. In koorsada of guul weerar iyo jebin difaaca cadowga ee magaalada Pestamo waxaa gebi ahaanba ku hareereysan.

Ka dib markii si guul leh loo qaaday Pestamo la geeyay magaalooyinka Nikel iyo Tarnet, iyo heerka ugu dambeeya - Magaalada Norwegian ah Kirkenes. Iyada oo uu qabtay ciidamada Soviet khasaare culus. In dagaalka ee magaalada taageero weyn u ah ciidamada Soviet lahaa waddaniyiin Norway.

Natiijada hawlgalada

Sidaas darteed magaca hawlgalka kor ku xusan waxaa lagu soo celiyo xadka ay la Norway iyo Finland. cadowga ayaa gabi ahaanba bedelay, iyo horay dagaal territory cadowga. November 15, 1944 Finland ku dhawaaqdey inay is dhiibin oo ka mid ah dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka ugu socday. Ka dib markii dhacdooyinkan, Front Karelia la kala diro. Ciidamada weyn ee isaga ka dib markii qayb ka mid ah 1-dii Far Eastern Front noqday, on kuwaas oo garbaha loo xilsaaray in ay sameeyaan weerar Manchurian 1945 in laga adkaado ciidanka Japan iyo gobolka Shiinaha ee isku magaca.

halkii epilogue ah

Waxa xiiso leh, oo keliya goobta of Front Karelia ah (1941 -. 1945) ciidanka faashistihii ka adkaan kari waayeen soohdinta Soviet - naasiga ma shaqeeyaan si ay u jebiyaan difaaca Murmansk. Sidoo kale in waaxdan loo isticmaalo kooxaha eey, oo waxay isku Xarakada diriray cimilada adag waqooyiga. Inta lagu jiro Great Patriotic Front Karelia ahaa ugu weyn ee ilaa xad, maxaa yeelay, oo dhererkeedu wuxuu total gaaro 1,600 oo kiiloomitir. Waxa uu sidoo kale lahaa line adag.

Karelia Front ahaa mid ka mid kaliya oo ka mid ah jabhada of War Great Patriotic, oo ma uu raacinin xaggiisa dambe oo dalka ka mid dayactirka qalabka ciidamada iyo hubka. dayactirka waxaa la geeyaa qayb gaar ah ee shirkadaha ee Karelia iyo gobolka Murmansk ah.