Kaydka Oil by dalka, dalalka darajeeyo

Oil waxaa inta badan loo yaqaan dahabka madow ee casriga. kaydka shidaalka ee waddammada ma baahsanayn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in shidaalka maanta waxay u baahan yihiin wax walba.

Oil - lafo Faa'iido № 1

Word of batroolka, kaas oo wakiil saliidda ku qoran afaf badan, wuxuu leeyahay laba xididdada. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah, "Peter" - Laatiin ah, oo macnaheedu yahay "dhagax". Labaad, "oleum" - Greek iyo tarjumayaa "saliid". Sayidka, saliidda macno - a "saliid dhagax weyn" (ie, saliid, soo bixiyay dhulka ka).

Waxaa la og yahay in saliid si firfircoon loo isticmaalo ee qadiimiga Hindiya (ee dhismaha), ee Baabuloon, (waayo, eedayn ah meydadka), in dadkii hore ee Giriigga (sida shidaalka). Laga bilaabo ka sano ee ugu horeysay ee qarnigii labaatanaad, waxa uu noqonayaa mid isha ugu muhiimsan ee tamarta caalamka.

Waa maxay saliidda? dareere Tani dufan leh oo asal ahaan dabiiciga ah, kaas oo ka kooban hannaanka ah Consort kala duwan. midabka ah ee wax tani waxay noqon kartaa kala duwan: ka madow ku hodan ah inuu huruud iyo xataa cagaaran. Urka oo saliid ah - gaar ah oo sida caadiga ah aan fiicneyn, ay sabab u tahay Halabuurka kiimikada ay.

kaydka shidaalka ee waddammada ku yihiin si aad u noqonina qaybiyey. Asal ahaan beeraheedii ugu weyn waxaa ku egtahay inay goobaha la joogitaanka a dhagaxyada cover aasan xoog leh.

Dalalka la kaydka saliidda ugu weyn (per capita) - taasi waa Qatar, Kuwait, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela iyo Liibiya. By habka, haddii aad tirisaan kaydka guud ee saliidda ee Qatar la eego lacagta, waxay soo Bixi Iyadoo in muwaadin kasta oo dalka ku keena qiyaastii 6 billion dollars!

Isticmaalka saliid ah ee dunida maanta

Oil ay foomka cayriin waa ku dhowaad marnaba loo isticmaalo. Si aad u hesho waxyaabaha farsamo qiimo leh (baatrool, qase, iwm), waa in loo hawl dhirta gaar ah.

ka xaqiiqda ah in saliidda reebo - waa mid aad u qiimo leh khayraadka tamarta, waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka ee balaastigga, plasticizers kala duwan oo lagu daro, formaldehyde, caag synthetic.

Oil - khayraadka a in uu leeyahay tiro ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka. First, waxayna lahayd qaab ciyaareed aad u xoog badan oo ah cufnaanta tamarta. Second, saliidda waa mid fudud in wax gaadiid ka badan masaafo dheer (waxaa la sameeyaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo dhuumaha ama booyadaha - maraakiibta badda weyn). Mar saddexaad, maxaa yeelay waxa ay soo saari karaan tiro balaadhan oo ah waxyaabaha kala duwan. Dhammaan dhinacyada waxay ka dhigi saliidda mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu caansan ee suuqa dunida.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee kaydka ee macdanta waxaa lagu si degdeg ah dhammaaday. Taasi waa sababta dalalka qaar ka mid ah la kaydka weyn saliidda (gaar ahaan Maraykanka), bilaabay in la raadiyo ilaha kale ee tamarta (Shale saliid, biofuels, iwm).

Features ee wax soo saarka saliidda casri ah

Ilaa ah oo ku saabsan 70s bartamihii ee saliidda dunidana waxaa laga soo bixiyay xawaaro Hadaba. Sidaas daraaddeed, haddii laga saaray oo ku saabsan 2 bilyan oo tan oo khayraad tamarta this, ka dibna 1973, 1970, oo dhulka ka - si 2.8 bilyan oo tan. In hore 80-mada ay mugga ee wax soo saarka saliidda dunida yar hoos u dhacay.

wax soo saarka Oil heer warshadeed bilaabay in bartamihii qarnigii XIX ah. Inta lagu jiro wakhtiga oo dhan ka ah dalka "gareeyeen" in ka badan afartan bilyan oo tan oo khayraad ah.

wadamada horseedka u ah oo ka mid ah kaydka saliidda dunida

Hadda aragti dhaw at juqraafiga ee khayraadka this tamarta qiimo leh.

kaydka shidaalka ee dalalka ku jira aad u kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, qaar ka mid ah gobolka oo u diiday, oo xoolahan oo dhan, halka kuwo kale - macno ciirciireysa dahabka madow. dalalka darsin First wadar kaydka saliidda waa sida soo socota (eeg. Table).

Sida mugga ee wax soo saarka saliidda, madaxda dalka ee waa in halkan muuqato;

1. Saudi Arabia.
2. Russia.
3. US.
4. Iran.
5. Shiinaha.

Iyada oo la tixgelinayo laba tilmaamayaasha - kaydka guud ee saliidda iyo mugga ee wax soo saarka saliidda ee sannadlaha ah, waa ay fududahay in xisaabiso inta sano uu noqon doonaa ku filan oo ah il tamar this for dal kasta.

Sidaas daraaddeed, walwal ah ugu yaraan waa Venezuela - saliid waxa ay noqon doontaa in ku filan (at heerka wax soo saarka ee hadda) ee 235 sano oo kale. Laakiin dalalka sida Russia, USA, Canada, Qatar, waxaa jira wax in aad ka fikirto. Gaar ahaan, kaydka saliidda United States socon doono sano oo kaliya 11, Russia - 22, Canada - 26, Qatar - 45.

Qiimaha Oil: saadaasha khubaro '

Si aad u taariikhda, qiimaha halkii foosto ee saliidda sumadda Brent dalku qiyaastii 64 doolar, ka dhigan WTI - $ 61.

Qiimaha Oil (iyo sidoo kale badeecadaha kale ee suuqyada caalamka) waxaa go'aamiso ku salaysan ratio ee baahida iyo waxa on. Maanta, soo jeedinta ku saabsan khayraadka tamarta tani weli waa ka sii badan tahay baahida loo qabo. Waxa intaa dheer in qiimaha ay dhacdo in this waxaa saameeya arrimo kale (aan iyaga ugu yeedho siyaasadeed). Waxaan ka hadleynaa ah colaadaha military ee Liibiya iyo Yemen, iyo sidoo kale ciidamo ka mid ah mashaariicda Shale Maraykanka.

khubaro badan oo dhaqaalaha la saadaaliyo in labada bilood ee soo socda, qiimaha saliidda kici doonaa $ 70, laakiin markaas qiimaha khayraadka bilaabi doonaan in ay mar kale ku dhici.

In Saddex biloodkii saddexaad ee 2015, sida falanqeeyayaasha saadaaliyo qiimaha saliidda heli karo hoose cusub, oo gaarey $ 50 halkii foosto.

Gebogebadii ...

Oil waa khayraadka tamarta ugu muhiimsan ee aannu mar. madaxda dalka ee kaydka saliidda (guud) - waa Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Kanada, Iran, Ciraaq, Mexico. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, saynisyahano digo in heerka la joogo ee wax soo saarka saliidda ka khayraadka this sano oo kaliya 40-80 waxaa ku filan in dalalka ugu badan dunida. Taasi waa sababta hadda ay dalalka qaarkood ay bilaabeen inay ka fikirto ilo tamareed oo kale.