List of dhagaxyada si Horeeyaan

Dhagaxyada ku jira macdan iyo xeryahooda ay. Waa wax aan macquul in la qiyaaso dhulkeenna aan macdanta dhab ahaantii la xirrira.

nidaamka kala astaynta

Qoondeeyo tiro badan oo ay eyda noocyada kala qaybsan yihiin kooxo. Hiddaha distinguished:

• ku aasan,
• metamorphic;
• magmatic.

share Recent saddex fasal kale:

• plutonic;
• hypabyssal;
• Kobenhagen.

Kooxhoosaadyo waxa loo qaybin karaa:

• dhanaan,
• dhexdhexaad ah,
• aasaasiga ah,
• ultrabasic.

Ku dhowaad aan macquul aheyn inay isku ururiso liis dhamaystiran oo dhagax weyn, iyada oo la tixgelinayo dhammaan noocyada jira dhulka, sidaa darteed kuwa badan oo iyaga ka mid ah. In this article waxaan ka dhigi doonaa isku day ah si uu u qaabeeyo macluumaadka ku saabsan noocyada ugu xiisaha badan oo caadi ah.

dhagaxyada Metamorphic: liiska

Kuwa la aasaasay sarkhaansan qolof dhulka ee caadiga ah ee geedi socodka qoomiyadda. Tan iyo markii ay diinta ka dhacaa marka walxaha in wajiga adag, iyagu waa muuqaal la dareemin. Inta lagu jiro kala guurka ah, beddelo-dhismeedka, texture, oo sideeda oo dhagaxa asalka ah. isbedelka noocan oo kale ah ayaa ka dhacay, waxaad u baahan tahay isku-dar ah ee wanaagsan:

• kululaynta,
• cadaadiska,
• gaasas saamayn, xal.

Waxaa metamorphism:

• gobolka;
• xiriirka,
• hydrothermal,
• pneumatolytic;
• metamorphism.

soo socda waxaa ku qoran liiska dhagaxa alphabetically waayo, kooxdan oo ah macdanta.

amphibolites

macdanta Kuwaas waxaa la aasaasay by hornblende iyo plagioclase. cajalad ugu horeeyay ee lagu tilmaamay inay tahay silicate. Arag amphibolites - Shale ama arrays oo midabyo ka cagaar madow madow. Color ku xiran tahay sida badan oo ka mid ah qaybaha mugdiga-midab leh waa la joogo ee halabuurka ah ee macdanta. macdanta Sare oo ka tirsan kooxda this:

• bam-gacmeedyo,
• magnetite,
• titanium,
• zoisite.

gneiss

In ay qaab-dhismeedka, gneiss dhagax adag oo aad u dhow. Arag kala saaro labadan macdanta midba midka kale markasta suurtagal ma aha, sida dhagax adag oo gneiss nuqul u imanayeen isagii in xuduudaheedu jirka. Laakiin qiimaha waa gneiss si weyn u hooseeya.

Gneisses aad looga heli karaa, sidaas codsan in dhismaha. Macdanta yihiin kala duwan iyo bilicsanaanta. Mugga waa heer sare ah, sidaas darteed dhagaxa loo isticmaali karaa sida wadar ahaan labada lug la taaban karo. Marka porosity yar yar gneiss nuugista biyaha ayaa ku soo kordhay caabiga qaboobeen. Tan iyo nabaad guurka sidoo kale waa yar yahay, isticmaalka macdanta loo ogol yahay sida u jeedinta a.

shales

Samaynta liiska dhagaxa, ka mid ah hubi metamorphic ku xuso schists ah. Qoondee nooc sida, sida:

• dhoobo,
• madarad oo kale;
• rusheyn kartaa;
• chlorite.

Sababo la-dhismeedka aan caadi ahayn iyo sharraxaadda ee dhagaxa, sannadihii la soo dhaafay, sida looxa oo waxa uu noqday wax lagama maarmaan ah madaxtooyada isticmaalaa dhismaha.

Shales - koox halkii weyn, taas oo ka dhigi dhagaxyada. Liiska magacyada noocyada kuwaas oo si firfircoon loo isticmaalaa by Dadka ujeedooyin kala duwan (inta badan dhismaha, dayactirka, dib u dhiska):

• siltstone;
• zlatalit;
• serpantinitovy;
• gneiss;
• phyllitic iyo kamma.

quartzite

dhagax Tan waxaa si fiican u yaqaan in ay xoog, tan iyo markii la aasaasay quartz dheeriga ah ee nijaasta ahaa. Waxa asaasay sandstone quartzite markii xubno hore ee quartz macdanta bedelay inta lagu guda jiro metamorphism gobolka.

In dabiiciga ah, quartzite helay formation adag. nijaasta soo noqnoqda:

• hematite;
• dhagax adag;
• Silicon;
• magnetite,
• Miikaa.

The kayd ugu qanisan waxaa laga helaa:

• Mareykanka;
• India,
• Russia,
• Kanada.

Muuqaaladan ugu weyn ee macdanta,

• caabiga uu baraf, qoyaan, heerkulka,
• xoog;
• ammaanka, saaxiibnimo ah deegaanka,
• cimri dherer,
• caabiga alkalis, acids.

Philly

Aan ugu yaraan in liiska dhagaxa iska leh phyllites. Waxay mashquulin meel dhexe oo u dhexeeya dhoobo iyo Miikaa schists. maaddadu ay tahay cufan iyo ganaax-grained. Xaaladdan oo kale, dhagaxyo cad crystalline, waxay waxaa lagu gartaa schistosity a fahmayaan.

Phyllites leeyihiin isdiyaarintiisana a silky. nidaamka midabka - madow, hooska cawlan. Macdanta kala sibidhka ah oo khafiif ah. Iyadoo qayb ka ah phyllites sii daayo,

• Miikaa,
• sericite.

waxaa laga yaabaa in kiristaalo hadhuudh:

• albite;
• andalusite;
• rummaan,
• quartz.

kayd Rich ee phyllite ee France, England iyo Maraykanka.

dhagaxyada aasan: liiska

Macdanta ee kooxdan ku yaalaan inta badan dushiisa. Waayo, formation of shuruudaha soo socda waa in la buuxiyaa:

• heerkulka hooseeyo;
• roobabka.

Waxaa jira saddex nooc hoosaad hidde:

• clastic oo wakiil ka ah dhagaxyo aan dhab ahayn sameeyay dhagaxyada jab;
• dhoobo, asal ahaan, taas oo la xidhiidha isbedelka kooxaha macdanta "silicate" iyo "aluminosilicate";
• biohemo-, chemo-, organogenic. geeddi socodka dhigaalka noocan oo kale ah loo sameeyay xal ku haboon. Waxaa sidoo kale qaadato qayb firfircoon noolaha cqaadir ma aha oo kaliya, walxaha organic. Doorka muhiimka ah ee wax soo saarka qashinka.

From sii daayo chemogenic:

• halides;
• sulfate.

List of dhagaxyada in koox hoosaadka this:

• gypsum,
• anhydrite;
• sylvinite;
• rock cusbo;
• carnallite.

The dhagaxyada aasan ugu muhiimsan:

• Dolomite, cufan nuuradda-sida.
• Nuuradda ka kooban carbonate potassium la shaydi ah tiro la mid ah inclusions iyo magnesium. Xuduudaha ka duwan macdanta, go'aamiyaa ka kooban iyo qaab-dhismeedka, iyo sidoo kale texture macdanta. feature A oo muhiim ah - kordhay heerka of xoog compressive.
• Sandstone sameeyay badar macdanta xidhan walxaha asal ahaan dabiiciga ah. Cimri dherer dhagax ku xiran tahay admixtures iyo waxa walax waxa ay noqotay gal.

dhagaxyada Kobenhagen

U hubso inaad dhagaxyada Kobenhagen waa in la soo sheegnay. Liiska Midho sida, oo ay ku jiraan halkan macdanta sameeyay inta lagu guda jiro buureedyada. In la sii daayo this:

• effusive;
• clastic;
• Kobenhagen.

category The ugu horeysay, sidoo kale loo yaqaan dhagax weyn Kobenhagen, waxaa ka mid ah:

• andesite;
• basalt;
• diabase;
• liparite;
• dhuunta.

By pyroclastic, in uu yahay detrital, darajo:

• breccia;
• tuffs.

Ku dhawaad liiska buuxa Horeeyaan noocyada dhagax weyn Kobenhagen:

• anorthosite;
• dhagax adag;
• gabbro;
• diorite;
• dunite;
• Komati;
• latites;
• monzonite;
• obsidian;
• pegmatite;
• peridotite;
• perlite;
• pumice;
• rhyolite;
• syenite;
• tonalite;
• petrosilex;
• slag.

dhagaxyada organic

From hadhaagii waxyaalaha noolnool loo sameeyay by dhagaxyada organic, liiska oo waa hagaagsan bilaabmaa wax ugu weyn - aan nuurad lahayn. dhagaxyada Kuwani ka tirsan ay horey u wada hadleen kor ku xusan group aasan oo muhiim u yihiin ma aha oo kaliya marka la eego applicability si ay u xalliyaan hawlaha aadanaha kala duwan, laakiin sidoo kale qalab hodan qaddiimiga ah.

The dacawo ugu muhiimsan ee noocan ah dhagaxa weyn - aan nuurad lahayn. Waxaa si weyn loo garanayo ee si firfircoon loo isticmaalo nolol maalmeedka, waxaa qoran on loox ee dugsiyada.

Mel sameeyay calcite, taas oo markii hore ka koobnaa qolofka ku noolaa badaha qadiimiga coccolithophorids algae. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen noolaha cqaadir faro badan degganaa dhulkeenna boqol milyan oo sano ka hor. Waqtigaas, algae ku dabaalan karaan si xor ah dhulka badan ee badda diiran oo dhan. Dhimanayaan, noolaha cqaadir dhacaya ilaa hoos, la xirrira lakabka ah cufan. Qaar ka mid ah meelaha ay hodan ku yihiin kayd ee korsiiya, waxaa jira boqolaal mitir oo dhumucdiisuna oo dheeraad ah. Ugu fiican ee la yaqaan waa hills aan nuurad lahayn, oo

• Volga;
• Faransiis;
• Ingiriisi.

By ka barta dhagaxyada Cretaceous, saynisyahano helay raadad iyaga ka mid ah:

• urchins badda;
• shellfish,
• buushka.

Sida caadiga ah, kuwaas oo inclusions - waa kaliya boqolkiiba yar ee wadarta sahamiyey aan nuurad lahayn ah, si ay qaybaha sida saameyn kuma soo koobin idaad. Ka dib markii ay baareen kayd Cretaceous, geologist ka helaa macluumaad ku saabsan:

• sirdoonka da'da;
• column biyo ah in uu jiray ka hor,
• xaaladaha gaarka ah in hore jiray aagga bartay.

dhagaxyada Igneous

Under magmatism waxaa caadi fahamsan yahay sida gabi ahaanna ee ifafaale keeno magma iyo hawlaheeda. Magma - dhalaalisa silicate ah, si dabiici ah joogo qaab dareere ah, ku dhow yahay in uu dabka. Iyadoo qayb ka ah magma waxaa boqolkiiba sare ee xubno kacsan. Xaaladaha qaarkood, waxaa jira noocyada:

• non-silicate;
• nizkosilikatnye.

Marka magma ku qaboobeyso iyo crystallizes, Dhagaxyada waxaa ka igneous. Waxay sidoo kale ku baaqay igneous.

Qoondee sirdoonka:

• adigoo;
• effezivnye.

First sameeyay at qoto dheer weyn, iyo tan labaad - inta lagu guda jiro qarax ka, si toos ah taas macnaheedu waa at dusha meeraha ee.

Inta badan qayb ka mid ah magma uu leeyahay noocyo kala duwan oo dhagaxyada, dhalaalay iyo isku qasan oo leh mass silicate. Tani waxay ka xanaajiyeen:

• kor heerkulka Dhulka waa ka sii dhumuc;
• cadaadiska gareeyeen,
• isku darka arrimood.

version The classic dhagaxyada magmatic - dhagax adag. Horeba magiciisa aad ee Latin - "dab" ka dhigan sirdoonka in ay gobolka asalka ahaa mid aad u kulul. Dhagax adag weyn mahad ma aha oo kaliya by xuduudaheedu ay farsamo (wax this waa cajiib raagaya), laakiin sidoo kale sababta oo ah quruxda, ay sabab u tahay inclusions crystalline.