Luiz Burzhua: Biography iyo shuqullo

Waxaan bixinaa si aad u bartaan mid ka mid ah fanaaniinta ugu xiisaha badan ee qarnigii 20 - Luiz Burzhua. Biography oo camal fiican waxay u soo bandhigay in this article. L. Bourgeois - sculptor American, artist graphic iyo rinjiile ka soo jeedo French. Louise - artist ah oo mythologized qarow iyada oo xasdid, iyo sidoo kale xaqiiqooyinka caruurnimadiisii. In iyada nolosha dadka waaweyn lahayn naxdin leh oo dhab ah, laakiin Bourgeois marnaba ka joogsadeen in ay kobciso ay dhaawacyada maskaxda in iyada la dagay laga bilaabo sanadaha hore.

Childhood iyo jilidda riwaayadaha Louise

Louise waxa uu ku dhashay 1911 in Paris. Bourgeois koray Aubusson, gobolka Faransiis. Halkee qoyskeeda ay leedahay aqoon iswaydaarsi ah dib u soo celinta tapestries. Sida dhallinyaro ah, Louise ayaa la siiyey in Fenellona Lyceum ah - machad waxbarasho qiimaha. Gabadha ahaa mid aad u dhow in ay hooyadeed, Josephine. Louise Josephine inta badan ka caawiyay in shaqada: rinji, tosheen, tapestries la xidhxidhay.

Xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya fayo-qabka dibadda marka waalidku waxay ahaayeen fog ka fiican. Aabbaha Luiz ku dhowaad bayaan khiyaameeyay on naagtiisa Englishwoman ah - governess carruurtooda. Waayo, wax yar oo gabar, xaaladda this banal noqday riwaayadaha dhab ah. Waxay ka badbaaday iyada aan noolaa oo dhan, iyo in dib looga fikiro in shuqullada. Aabbihiis Luiz tixgeliyo tage. Waxay xataa isku dayeen in ay naftooda dilaan dhimashadii hooyadiis ka dib.

waxbarashada University iyo casharada gaarka ah

Luiz Burzhua ee 1932 ka diiwaan gashan Sorbonne ah. Halkan oo ay ka baratay falsafada, joomateri iyo xisaabta. Isla sanadkaas, Bourgeois booqday Midowga Soofiyeeti. Tan iyo 1936, Louise noqday lug ee farshaxanka iyo dugsiyada ee Paris. Waxay qayb-galay siminaarka iyo Constantin Brancusi, sculptor weyn, kuwaas oo mar ahaa nidaam oo ka mid ah wax-uqabso maxaliga ah. Louise qaatay casharo la Fernand Léger, cubist caanka ah. Waxa uu ammaanay iyada talanti oo lagu dhiiri gabar ay sameeyaan farshaxan.

Guurka iyo dhimashada ee xaaska

Haddii ay dhacdo muhiim u ah noloshiisa qaaska, Louise ka dhacay 1938, markii ay guursatay Robert Goldwater, ah taariikhyahan tahay American iyo qalin Harvard ah. Ka dib markii arooska labo dhallinyarada u dhaqaaqay New York. Halkan ninkeeda Bourgeois u tageen inay ka shaqeeyaan at the Museum of farshaxanka heer hoose (waxaa loo magacaabay agaasimaha ay hore). ururka lagu dayan karo ee jecel kasta dadka kale hal abuur socday ilaa 1974, markii Louise dhintay ninkeeda. Iyana waxay isagii u dhashay saddex wiil.

Farshaxanka iyo sawirada by Louise

Bourgeois bilowga ah ee mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed hal abuur leh, bartay rinjiyeynta iyo muuqaallo kale. In taxanaha ah ee shuqulladiisa guddiga khubaarada iyo Maison, abuuray 1945-1947 sano., Oo Women dhacday (1946-1947 GG.), Artist The codsatay farsamo ee Surrealists ah. Waxaa wada melds dhibcood kala duwan ee dhismaha, la mid ah guriga, iyo jidhka dumarka. shuqullada Kuwan waxaa fekerayo Louise, waxa doorka haweenka ciyaaro qoyska. Dad badan oo la qeexo doorka this keliya sida daryeelka guriga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ganacsade nafteeda ayaa sheegtay in iyada shaqo - parody ah surrealism, oo la isku dayay in uu la damacsan qof dumar ah oo qaab dhismaha.

Racfaanka si farshaxan

Louise 1940 diiradda saaray farshaxan ah. Waxaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah sayidkooda ugu fiican ee qarniga 20aad. tijaabo caag Louise Saamaynta ay ku horeysay dareemi of shinka Greek, drevneamerikanskoy iyo farshaxan Afrika. Waxay raad saamaynta sayidkooda ugu weyn ee qarnigii la soo dhaafay, sida Henry Moore oo Constantin Barnkuzi Alberto Giacometti, oo sidoo kale ku salaysan shaqada ay bacyaal shinka. Bourgeois farshaxan markii hore ka koobnaa kooxaha foomamka organic iyo la taaban karin, taas oo inta badan la sameeyey oo ah qoryo.

"Indha la 'The keentay indha la'"

"Indha la 'The keentay indha la'", oo la aasaasay 1947, waa mid ka mid ah shuqulladii ugu caansan Luiz Burzhua. Waxaa la oran karo waa call a toos ah oo duudduuban la "Masaalka Ku Blind ah", ay sameeyeen Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Shaqo-dhismeedka Louise oo ka kooban 20 hayaan pink dheer oo qoryo, tapering downwardly, iyo sare ee ku xiran by warega-buundada. lillaahinimada of farshaxan tani waa niyad, iyo dareenka amni-darrada iyo xasilooni lasugo. Bourgeois ayaa sheegay in shaqada this - reminiscence ah rabitaanka ilmaha si ay u qariyaan miiska hoostiisa markii fadeexado casho qoyska dhacaan.

qalabka cusub

In 1960, ee farshaxan ee Louise bilaabay in ay isticmaalaan qalabka sida dhagax, naxaas iyo latex. Kadib markii uu booqday Italy, waxaa ku daray marmar ah. In 1949, waxaana markii ugu horaysay soo bandhigay farshaxan Bourgeois - in New York, in peridium gallery ah.

Interest ee "dhinac madow" iyo galmada

Louise waa artist-postsyurrealistom, taas oo ku dhawaaqay in 1930-1940-mada. Wakhtigan waxa uu hore u soo galay burbur dhaqdhaqaaqa surrealist Faransiis. Artists la xiriira in ay, marna abuuray koox ku dhow-xidhantay ah. Iyagu ma ay ahaayeen dhiiran tahay in mariyo, barnaamijyada warbaahinta iyo statements declarative. Waayo, markii ugu horeysay ee tiro ka mid ah fanaaniinta, kuwaas oo, koox aan kaliya xiisaha ay u "dhinac madow" nolosha caqliga iyo maskaxda, caadiga ah ee Romantics ah, laakiin sidoo kale in ay jidhka, kaas oo ah muujinta oo ka mid ah "kooxda mugdi ah." Taasi waa sababta galmada dhaawacyo Louise la xiriira-, iyo sidoo kale raadinta daran ay aqoonsi u gaar ah, doorka xiriirka lamaanaha. In 1968, Bourgeois soo bandhigay 2 farshaxan in ay yihiin labada naxdin iyo yaab: "ubaxu Janus" iyo "Girl".

"Girl"

Waxaa la sameeyey ee latex Rafaa lagu qalo jillaab Escuardo phallus. farshaxan Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay aragti muhiim Luiz Burzhua in iconography ee phallus iyo la xiriira xaaladda lab. salka farshaxan loo akhriyi karo sida xiniinyaha lab, iyo sida naasaha dumarka iyo miskaha fekrado sida naag, yareysey maro.

"Ubaxu Janus"

"Ubaxu Janus" - shaqo ah oo xarunta ka muuqataa qaababka jinsiga, dal ka mid kale. In Laatiin, "Janus" waxaa loola jeedaa "marinka", "xafiiltamaan". Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa ilaah labada laba-soo foodsaarayso, kuwaas oo mid ka mid wejigaaga dhinac kasta u soo jeestay in ay la soo dhaafay oo kale ayaa dooneysa inay mustaqbalka, si janua - irdaha rabaani furay nabadda iyo xirtey inta lagu guda jiro dagaalladii. substrate mabda'a adag iyo farshaxan waa sawir laba penises flaccid, taas oo ku xiran yihiin element dhexe, ku dhowaad madhnaa, garabaka timaha shuunka iyo farqiga galmada. magac "ubaxu" waxa loola jeedaa tusaale ahaan ka mid ah xubnaha taranka sida caraf iyo ubax. Dumarka iyo ragga isu yimid sida laba weji. Laba penises isku mar la mid ah oo loogu tala galay dumarka ee dabada, bowdyaha iyo naasaha.

"Burburinta Aabbaha"

Luiz Burzhua gabagabaysay rakibo ugu horeysay ee 1974. Waxaa furay marxaladda cusub ee Biography hal abuur leh ee sayidkii. In Bourgeois ah "Burburinta Aabbaha," sculptor ka warqaba in foomka caag ah xasuus xanuun badan oo adag oo dareenkaaga, oo ku nool dago ah, taas oo ay sababtay khilaafsan xiriir la aabbihiis, tiirsan si xoogan on qoraaga laga soo bilaabo yaraantooda. Ku xiridda qaab la mid ah godka. Tirokoobyada in eg dhagaxyo hareerayn waslad khafiif ah oo qurbaan la qeybaha jirka kala firdhiyey iyada, oo ay ku jiraan oo gogo 'oo wanka, kuwaasi oo ay ka iibsanayay dukaan hilibka lagu qalo ee.

Shaqada Tani, Louise waa mid aad u naxdinta leh, shaqo xusuusin ah artist Spain Francisco Goya, kaas oo aad u mahadnaqayo Bourgeois.

Muddada "unugyada"

In 1990, waxay sii wadaan in ay u shaqeeyaan Luiz Burzhua. Hal-abuurka ku dhaqaaqdo in ay marxalad cusub - muddada "unugyada." Artist mid ka mid ah ujeeddooyinka ay abuurista Environnement fikirka, taas oo noqon doonta isku filan, ka madaxbannaan deegaanka matxafka. Environnement Tani geli karto. dhismayaasha Kuwanu waa nooc ka mid ah waayo-aragnimo ningax helay ee la soo dhaafay. Cell (Choisy) - cell ah oo ku jira farshaxan marmar guriga ah. waxa kor ku xusan waxaa la dhigayaa guillotine weyn. farshaxan Tani waxay u ekaan goobta ka qarow.

Lamaanihii IV

Shaqada Luiz Burzhua ka dib muddo ka mid ah tiro ka mid ah gool, sidoo kale tirooyinka dhar laga sameeyey. Waxay wakiil darajo kala duwan oo mid quusasho badan oo xanuun. Tusaale ahaan, shaqo ee 1997 Lamaanihii IV ka dhigan wax u eg bandhigay beryihii hore ee matxafka. Waxa ay muujinaysaa laba tirooyinka calal aan madaxooda, isku dayayaan in ay jacaylka dhigi.

"Spider"

Rakibaadda "Spider" Luiz Burzhua (sawirka hoos ku qoran) uu noqday calaamad u ah shuqullada soo daahay ee sculptor ah. Waxaa tusaale kaamil ah design dhegeysiga iyo maangalka ah, abuuray by dabiiciga ah. In dictionary calaamad Louise Bourgeois caaro aan xambaaran karin wax kasta oo qiimaha xun. Waxaa la xidhiidha hooyadeed Louise, caaqil, isku dheeli tiran, xikmad, bukaanka, xeeldheer, casri ah, waxtar leh, lagama maarmaan ah oo nidaamsan, sida xuubcaaro. cayayaanka Tani waxay la xidhiidhaa dadaalkaas oo iyada in of, iyo sidoo kale farsamada ah xirfad kuwa dharka sameeya. Mid ka mid ah shuqulladii on this theme, abuuray by Louise, iyo waxaa loo yaqaan - "Hooyo." foomka taariikhi caaga, oo naxaas ah sameeyey, ay jaho oo daacad ah tahay joomateri muujiyaan dareen ganacsade khaas ah oo dheeli harmonic.

The bandhiga ugu horeysay weyn

In 2000, caanka Tate Modern Gallery ee London lagu qabtay bandhiga koobaad ee wayn ee Louise Bourgeois, kaas oo la odhan jiray "aan qabanayo, waan wada baabbi'in, waxaan su'alaha." Taasi waxa ay shaaca ka qaaday jiritaanka Museum Qaranka ee Gobolka. Louise ahaa sculptor ugu horeysay, shuqulladiisa oo lagu meeleeyay goobtii cusub ee farshaxanka casriga ah. bandhig ahaa guul weyn, iyo doorashada ee sayidkii - ma aha shil, tan iyo hal-abuurka Bourgeois ay muhiimka ah - aqooneed ee farshaxanka casriga ah.

Bandhiga "dhismeedka Luiz Burzhua isagoo Unugyada :."

In 2015, ee Museum of Art Modern "Garage" soo bandhigay bandhig weyn oo Bourgeois ee Moscow. bandhig Tani waxay u hibeeyeen ilaa ay ka farshaxan taxane-Environnement in la abuuray by Louise ee 20kii sanno ee ugu danbeysay ee noloshiisa. Waxaa saftay in ka badan 80 shuqullada by Bourgeois: rakibo, farshaxan hore, sawirada iyo sawirada farshaxanka oo ka hormarey shuqullada wareeg cusub.

Luiza Burzhua, kuwaas oo shaqada laga aqoonsan yahay caalamka oo dhan, ku noolaa nolol dheer. Waxay u dhintay wadne at da'da 98 sano ee New York, May 31, 2010.