Mi-28N "Night Hunter": farsamada khaaska iyo sawiro

helicopters weerarkii dunida tan iyo markii la bilaabay dagaalka (sida ay u dhacday ee sano ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida) soo maray isbedel weyn. taliyayaasha ciidamada qalabka wakhtigaas ma ma siin muhiimadda badan, siiyay doorka auxiliaries: diyaarad garabka Rotary-adeegsaday geeddiga ah ee ka socda meelaha miyiga ah ee jabhada ku dhaawacmeen. Tani waxa ay ahayd kiiska ee Korea. Waxyaabaha waxay bilaabeen inay beddelaan ee Vietnam, halkaas oo ay ciidamada Mareykanka ayaa loo isticmaalo makiinadaha, kuwaas oo si ay u weeraraan diirada dhulka, si ay u xooji hubka yaryar iyo gantaalada, ka dibna helay helicopters weerarkii ugu horeeyay. Metamorphosis la mid ah ka dhacay Midowga Soofiyeeti, inkastoo la kala duwan qaar ka mid ah in hab. Ugu dambeyntii, ee ku takhasusay military Soviet aqoonsadeen faa'iidooyinka line Maraykanka ee hore si lama filaan ah diyaaradaha garabka Rotary-ka. Natiijada beddelo hab ee saarayaasha diyaarad gudaha noqotay-Mi 28N. Waqtigan xaadirka ah waxaa loo arkaa sida ugu fiican ee ay fasalka. Tani waa dhab kiiska marka ay suurto gal ahayd in "la qabsado oo uu gaadhaa."

stormtroopers

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka, habka ugu weyn ee weerarada Soo hel xarunta, xarumaha isgaarsiinta, columns taangiga iyo bartilmaameedyada yar oo kale ahaayeen weerarkii diyaaradaha. In ka maalmood ee ugu horreeya naxdinta lahaa dagaalka on kuwii madaxda u ahaa ciidamada tuuray bambooyinka "Junkers-87", kaas oo lahaa qaab diyaarad halkii suubban, laakiin si buuxda u ogaadaan faa'idooyinka la yaab leh. Abuuray KB Ilyushin "Flying Haanta" IL-2 lahaa tiro ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka marka la barbardhigo analoogga ah Jarmal, oo madax ka mid ah taas oo ahayd koboca wayn, ay sabab u doodaan qaabka buuxa iyo hub culus, oo ay weheliso shaqo jir-dhalista ah. On codsiga ah ee helicopters sida stormtroopers markaas qofna xitaa ku riyoon, iyo diyaaradaha ka mid ah ayaa wuxuu ogaaday dheeraad ah sida an doqonimo qalaad, isticmaalka yar ujeedooyin milatari. laba sano oo helicopter ka dib dhaxli doonaa qaababka ugu wanaagsan ee ah "Flying Haanta" oo noqon doona unugga weerarka ugu weyn ee taageerada hawada ee ciidamada lagu jiro hawlgallada xeeladeed.

"Huey" iyo "Cobra"

Uh-1 "Iroquois", loo yaqaan askari American "Huey", in dabeecadihiisa mahad, waxa ay noqotay mid ka mid ah ugu mass-soo saaray ee taariikhda helicopters-aadmiga. Waa la isku halayn karo, fududahay in la shaqeeyaan, wax badan oo ay qaban karaan in payload ah xirmo yar. Tani helicopter multi-ujeedada, waxa uu u adeegsaday iyada oo loo adeegsanayo degtey, duulaya "ambulance" truck ama hawada. Sidoo kale uh-1 adeegay sidii a hawlaha taageerada dabka, laakiin a "durbaan garaace" buuxa fuliya oo magiciisa ma ahaa. Sababta nuglaanta "Huey" ahaa la'aanta ah ee ilaalinta hubka u - waxay lahayd oo kaliya kursiga iyo shidaalka taangiga pilot ee. Si kastaba ha ahaatee heshiis guul iyo propulsion awood loo isticmaalay mishiinka kale, "Cobra» AH-1 horumariyo by shirkadda isla, "Bell". sooctey cidhiidhi ah ugaadhsiga lagu badalay ah "jidhka", "Huey", duuliye ku yaalaan tusmo, mid ka danbeeyaan kooxda kale ee, u qaybsan oo ay xilkooda u gutaan. Waqtigaas, mid wadista baabuurka, kii labaadna wuxuu doonay inuu soo helo iyo cadowga baabbi'in. More in gaariga waxaa meel ay qof ahaa, miisaanka waxtar leh oo dhan waxay cuneen hilibkii oo hubkiisa iyo hub. helicopter dagaalka Mi-28N in ay circuit hoose ayaa lagu dhisay si la mid ah.

Habka ugu Soviet of horumarinta ee helicopters dagaal

Dhanka kale, ee samaynta diyaarad Soviet ayaa isku dayay in ay ku xidhmaan hawlaha degtey iyo weerarkii ka mid ah mashiinka. Si taas loo ahaa codsatay hab la mid ah "amaahashada" geedka xoogga iyo nidaamka khariidad, laakiin ku salaysan waxaa laga soo qaaday Mi-8, helicopter ugu badan ee Soviet. Natiijadu waxay ahayd guud ahaan wanaagsan, laakiin gaariga uu ahaa mid aad u weyn oo culus. Mi-24 eegay oo awood badan oo xoog leh u yar "noqataa", laakiin liita iyaga in awood kar, awoodaha hab qarsoodi ah u bartilmaameed iyo nuglaanta. Had iyo jeer sax ah si ay u isticmaalaan waayo-aragnimada dadka kale, oo uu ku muujiyay, in isku darka labada hawlood ee ka mid ah mashiinka ma wanaagsana waayo iyaga ka mid ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, markii ugu tan iyo dagaalkii Vietnam, Americans sii horumarinta ee helicopters si lama filaan ah, abuurista ah "Apache» AH-64, taas oo uu leeyahay qalab weyn oo tiknoolajiyadda macluumaadka iyo waxa uu noqday diyaaradaha garabka Rotary-ee dunida ugu horeysay fikradeed weerarkii hore-line. Afghanistan muujiyeen in ciidanka u baahan helicopters dagaal cusub.

Hawsha - si ay u arkaan in mugdi ah

Analoogga "Apache" la odhan karaa waa Mi-28 ah, taas oo uu leeyahay bartamaha bisha 80s ah waxay bilaabeen inay soo saaraan Rostov Plant Helicopter. Gaariga wuxuu ahaa mid aad u wanaagsan in siyaabo badan ka sareyso dhigma dibada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waayo-aragnimo ah ee dagaalka isticmaalka diyaaradaha qumaatiga u kaca ay Americans in dhowr isku dhacyada hubeysan ayaa shaaca ka qaaday ayna duleella u badan systemic. Waxaa soo baxay in dhaqmaan filanayn mugdi ah ama ka yar masaakiinta "Apache" muuqan. Inta lagu guda jiro "Operation Desert Storm" a baabuur yar, Ciidamada Maraykanka ayaa laga badiyay ay sabab u tahay isku dhaceen dhulka iyo midba midka kale, inkastoo helitaanka hababka wax habeennimo. An "shaqo" wax ku ool ah meel mugdi ah oo ka mid ah su'aasha. Dhibaatooyinka isla cadaadiyay iyo ciidamada dawladda dhexe ee reer Chechnya. Xeeladaha dagaalka dhuumaalaysiga ah waa kuwa ugu waxtarka badan kaliya habeenkii. In gudcurka, cadowga waa u Xeelaysanayn, rearranges iyo sababa foori lama filaan ah, ka dib markii taas, sida caadiga ah, si guul leh u dhaqaaqin iska meel ammaan ah. Hortago xeeladahaas kaliya helicopter - "Night Hunter", kuwaas oo u arka in ceeryaanta mugdiga iyo.

helicopter cusub oo kala duwan ugu weyn ee

Xafiiska shaqada loo magacaabay. Mil lahaa shaqo adag. In la horumariyo baabuur cusub ee Sagaashameeyadii, waxaa jiray ku dhowaad aan macquul ahayn, si fudud u ma laha deeq-filan. ku salaysan waxaa loo qaaday Mi-28A, beddelid ah la casriyeeyay oo ka mid ah-Mi 28. line The shirka at warshadda ee Rostov waa la jecel yahay in aan isbedel weyn, wax soo saarka mar hore Debug. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baahida loo qabo in dib loo eego hindisooyin badan design iyo macluumaad hore u bixin. Mi-28A iyo Mi-26H aad u la mid ah muuqaalka. Laakiin ka yar "muuqaalka" la mid ah waxaa ku qarinaya farqi aad u weyn. isbedelada saameysey gear ugu weyn iyo cutubyo kale oo badan. Waxa kale oo uu ahaa korantada iyo qaybaha kale iyo kiniisadaha. From helicopter hore weli sooctey awood gaashaaman, qaar ka mid ah hababka hub iyo khariidad. Waxaa jira faahfaahin kale in la kala saaro helicopters dagaal kuwan. top Photos of mishiinka, kuwaas oo dhidibka of rotor ah, tusi kubbad. In ay jiraan oo dhan-arkaya "indhahaaga" ugaadhsadaha.

naqshadaha Guud

Dayuurad yar Mi-28 waxaa lagu dhisay on mabaadi'da oo ka mid ah fikradaha ku habboon oo ka mid ah diyaaradaha qumaatiga u kaca ee dagaalka shanaad jiilka. 98% ka mid ah unugyada shirka macmalay ee Russia. garbaha waxaa la sameeyey ee polymer kooban oo ay leeyihiin qaab labis iyo sidoo kale profiles oo leh sifooyin gaar ah aerodynamic, taas oo yaraynaysa qaylada soo saaray iyaga by. Bushings, caadi ahaan uma baahna handaraabada, taas oo si weyn u fududeyneysa hawlgalka. In hawlgalka, samaynta lahaa si loo hubiyo in Mi-28N "Night Hunter" on sifooyinka duulimaadka (miisaanka duushay - 10,5 t, xawaaraha - 300 km / h, saqafka - 3600m ma guurto ah, 6000m dynamically dagaallamo load - in ka badan 2 t) ma ahaa liita model aasaasiga ah, awood ugu leeyihiin qabashada aerobatics sugan oo waafajisan mabaadiida lagu amaahdo heshiis, jaale iyo hal hawl ah qanjidhada aasaasiga ah muhiim. Features hab ahaa in ay gaariga ka dhigi kiberorganizm la sensorics u gaar ah oo awood u leh inay dhakhso uga jawaab hanjabaad in kacayaan koorsada ee howlgalka dagaalka.

taladadii

nidaamka xakamaynta waxaa dhafan sida ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah. Dhammaan xogta loo baahan yahay si ay u dhamaystiraan hawsha waxaa lagu soo bandhigaa saddex screens in kasta oo laba qol oo go'doon. processing Macluumaadka waxaa lagu fuliyaa saddex saarnaa computer iyo Processor badan durugsan. interface waxay leedahay naqshadaha furan in wax fudud in la beddelo hawlaha hawl. qolalkii Ergonomics kaamileen.

The Mi-28N "Night Hunter" laftiisa qeexayaa wadataa ay u gaar ah. Ujeedada this helo dhamaan macluumaadka nidaamka gacanta laga ilaha Ujeedada dibadda: dareemayaal kaamerada, kaamirooyinka iyo saarnaayeen goobta indhaha (RLS "Crossbow") kaalinta on dhidibka of rotor ah. Thanks to macluumaadka ku saabsan jagada da'ayeen bixiyaa qaababka badan oo muhiim ah oo dhaqanka ee mashiinka, sida awood u leh inay u soo duuli at Joogga aad u hooseeya (5 mitir), weecasho automatic ka hortaagan (ulo, geedaha, line gudbinta awood taageertaa, iwm), Aan xuso isku dhac la dhulka ku.

hub ciidan madaafiic

Ujeedada ugu weyn kaas oo abuuray helicopter ah "Night Hunter", - dhaqanka colaadaha ee xaaladaha aragti hoose iyo at its maqan buuxa. Its ka horreeyay, Mi-28 ah, oo dhan ixtiraamaya baabuur aad u fiican, oo ay ku jirto in la eego awoodda ciidan, si kala duwan ee hubka Mi-24N guud ahaan Celin tooling noocooda ah. Gun, 30 mm in qaansada badelin (2A42) sida ay farsamo Rotary awood toogtay qaybta danbe ee u Safra a (110 digrii) iyo fogaanta dhexdeena ah 53 digrii vertical. Waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu bedeli doono qalab xitaa ka kaamilsan, oo si gaar ah loogu talagalay ku-Mi 28N. "Night Hunter" ayaa weli ma helay takhaluso saameyn xoog leh, taasoo ka hortagaysa in si sax ah rasaas. miisaanka qoriga, yareeyo wayna dhaqaaqi u dhaw xarunta of cuf ee mashiinka, sida horeba u sheegay, injineerada mil.

gantaalo

gantaalada la hago "Ataka-V" dhufan karaa xawaare supersonic kasta oo diirada gaashaaman, xataa ERA niqaab. Fara waxa on uma shaqeeyaan - dhex ayada, qiiq iyo boodh idlaan doonaan. New ATGM "Ataka-D" ayaa ku soo kordhay ilaa 8 km kala duwan. Laakiin ma aha in kiisaska oo dhan, shaqaale ee helicopter cusub Ruush isticmaalaa gantaalo kuwa. Waxaa jira hab jaban iyo ka fudud halligaadda, kaas oo ku hubaysan Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" si fiican u qaban karo Nursi C-13, C-57 ama C-80, haddii aadan u baahan tahay saxnimada sare, oo ay weheliso hubkiisa. Dhab ahaantii, in la dagaalamayay-Mi 24 dhan, waa in Arsenal ee helicopter ah, oo lagu daray wax kale. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa ka dhigi kartaa so keeye.

In the case of colaad-buuxa waxaa laga yaabaa in xaalado ay diyaaradaha cadowga isku dayi doona in ay hoos u dhigaysaa Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" awood u caabiyaan gantaallo noqon doonaa "hawada - hawada" P-73 waa inay awoodaan inay la diriraan diirada hawada, ayaa dhaqaajinta sare iyo xawaaraha.

Ilaalinta iyo samatabbixinta

Wixii sixitaan ah Home of helicopter tani waa sir. Waxaa soo karaa sare hooseeyo, qarin gadaashoodana jidaar waana wax, tiriska kaliya ay radar. markabka waxa uu leeyahay waqti ay isku dayayaan si ay u qiimeeyaan xaaladda, go'aan oo markiiba weerar, dhuftay cadowga awood oo dhan. Cadowga difaaca hawada sidoo kale waa wax lagu kaydin jiray. dabin gantaal infrared loo qaybinayaa ka mid ah raad kaamerada of mishiinka, iyo HC-26 buunshaha toogtay hoos la dareen ah madaxyada qariyay.

Qol la siiyaa jaale wareeg ah. Ilaalinta ay bixiyaan 10-mm sheet daawaha aluminium la layers dhoobada shubo. galaas gaashaaman siraad leeyihiin oo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 43 mm (madaxa-on) 22 mm (lateral). kursiga pilot iyo shaqaale ayaa waxaa sidoo kale kala qaybsan oo hubkiisa u saxan.

taxadar Tani uma muuqato aad u badan hoos dab cadowgaygii xoogga badnaa. Intaa waxaa dheer, laga codsadaa iyo farsamooyinka design in la yareeyo u nuglaanta oo ka mid ah qaybaha muhiimka ah, kuwaas oo:

- matoorada waxaa kullan ay la socdaan dhinac ah, taas oo yaraynaysa jaaniska ah failure ah wadajira ee laga gano markii dhuftay;

- helicopter ah waa inay awoodaan inay gaaraan salka ku saabsan mid ka mid engine, taas oo si toos ah u buuxsamayso on isla markiiba at awood buuxda;

- Isticmaalka ugu badan ee hab pneumatic;

- hawl ah hababka ugu muhiimsan.

Bixinta iyo shaqaale heegan khatar soo aaddan, in kiiska nidaamka hanuun helicopter qabsaday ay u ogaadaan waxa ku saabsan isla markiiba oo ay awoodaan in ay qaadaan tallaabooyin si loo badbaadiyo gaariga, ama xaaladaha inta badan allifey, noloshooda. Burubur ka howlgashaa laba hababka, doorashada taas oo ku xiran height ah (ilaa 100 m ama in ka badan). Haddaba waxaa jira a garbaha toogashada iyo darfihiisuba garabka.

Oo waxay bixisaa hab caga adag. Armchairs iyo marsho degtey waxaa loogu talagalay in sidan oo kale sida in ay bixiso dardar iyo in la yareeyo ciidamada of raadka ay ku leeyihiin dhulka. Guud ahaan, injineerada CB sameeyey ay ugu fiican ee nolosha markabka ahaa halista ugu yaraan ay suurtagal tahay.

version dhoofinta

Falanqaynta of qaab xeelad iyo farsamo ee "Night Hunter" keenaysaa in garawsannay in ciidamada qalabka sida Russia ayaa helicopter ugu wanaagsan ee dagaalka ee adduunka. Waa awood ugu leeyihiin qabashada hawlgallada dagaal ee xaaladaha ugu adag: gudcurka total, ceeryaan, qiiqa iyo dabka. Xaaladdan oo kale, markabka ayaa fursad sare in naf la badbaadiyo xitaa ka yar dagaalka seenyo ugu xun. Ma aha la yaab leh in kaliya ma ahan Wasaaradda Ruush gaashaandhigga, laakiin dalalka kale ee doonayay in ay qalabeeyaan ciidanka ay Mi-28N. Photos ka mid ah mashiinada la Astaantooda ee Ciidamada Cirka ee Masar, Algeria iyo Ciraaq muuqday saxaafadda ugu dhakhsaha badan, waxaa suurto gal ah in qaar ka mid ah wadamada Latin American, waxay u daafici doonaa danaha qaranka. dan weyn ee "Night Hunter" waxayna muujiyeen xukuumadda Swedish. Dabcan, version dhoofinta waa ka duwan yahay ka instrumentation Ruush gudaha iyo buuxinta muuqaalada qaar ka mid ah hababka hub.