Noocyada kala iibsiga kulaylka: Wehliyaha kala iibsiga kulaylka

Kasta oo jirka wax uu leeyahay sifooyin sida kulaylka, taas oo kor u qaadi kara iyo hoos. kulaylka ma aha walax wax, taasoo qeyb ka ah tamarta gudaha, waxa uu dhacaa sabab u tahay dhaq-dhaqaaqa iyo is dhexgalka ee u taagoo. Tan iyo kulaylka qalabka kala duwan ee kala duwanaan karaan, waxaa jira geeddi-socodka ah ee suuqa kala iibsiga kulaylka ka walax kulul uga dhigo inay maal leh qadar yar oo kulaylka. Nidaamkan waxaa loo yaqaan kala iibsiga kulaylka. Noocyada ugu weyn ee suuqa kala iibsiga kulaylka, iyo farsamooyinka of tallaabo ay la hadli doonaa in this article.

Determination of kaamerada

sarrifka Heat ama heerkulka hanaanka wareejinta qaadan kartaa meel arrinta gudahood, oo ka mid ah walaxda in kale. In xoogga kulaylka this inta badan waxay ku xiran tahay guryaha jirka ah ee arrinta, heerkulka of walxaha (haddii beddelkeeda kulaylka ku lug leh walxaha dhowr) iyo shuruucda physics. kala iibsiga Heat - waa hab in mar walba dhacaa si iskeed ah. mabda'a ugu weyn ee is-dhaafsiga kulaylka waa in jidhka ugu kulul mar walba ku siinayaa kululeeyo shayga la heerkulka hoose. Tusaale ahaan, bir kulul siinayaa kulaylku markuu dharka kaawiyadeysatid surwaal, iyo ma qeybsanaan. kala iibsiga Heat - arrin ku xiran tahay index waqtiga, taas oo calaamad u qaybinta kulaylka karin in meel bannaan oo.

habab kala iibsiga kulaylka

Farsamo ee dhexgalka kaamerada of walxaha helaan laga yaabaa in qaabab kala duwan. Waxaa jira saddex nooc oo kala iibsiga kulaylka ee dabiiciga ah:

1. conductivity kaamerada - hab intermolecular wareejinta kulaylka ka qayb ka mid ah jirkaaga si kale, ama inay wax kale. hantida wuxuu ku salaysan yahay inhomogeneities heerkulka in walxahan waxay ku.
2. Convection - exchange kulaylka u dhexeeya dheecaanka (dareere ah, hawada).
3. saamayn Shucaaca - wareejinta kulaylka ka kulul iyo hadalo kulul taasoo lid ku ah meydadka tamarta (ilaha) ee foomka of hirarka electromagnetic la spectrum joogto ah.

Ka fikir noocyada qoran wareejinta kulaylka si faahfaahsan.

conductivity kaamerada

Inta badan, conductivity kaamerada ah ayaa lagu arkay cunnooyinka adkaha ah. Haddii sarkhaansan factor kasta oo ka mid ah iyo walax la mid ah ka muuqan meelaha kulaylka kala duwan, tamarta kaamerada of qaybtii kulul u gudbaynaa dhaxanta. arrin A la mid ah mararka qaarkood waxaa lagu arkay muuqaal karo. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad ul bir ah, tusaale ahaan, irbad, oo waxaa lagu kululeeyo in dabka, ka dibna muddo ka dib, ka eeg sida tamarta kaamerada loo kala qaado iyada oo loo marayo irbadda si ay u sameeyaan meelaha qaar laga shido. Meeshii cimiladu ay tahay mid sare laga shido oo dhalaal, iyo bedelkeeda, halkaas oo t waa hoose madow. conductivity kaamerada The sidoo kale laga dheehan karo oo u dhexeeya labada (bakeerigaagu shaah kulul oo gacanta a)

Xooggii uu u gudbinta socodka kulaylka xidhan tahay qodobo badan, ratio of taas oo xisaab Faransiis Fourier shaaca ka qaaday. qodobada waxaa ka mid ah Wehliyaha ugu horeysay ee heerkulka (ratio of farqiga heerkulka at darafyadiisa oo ushii in masaafada u geesteed iyo ilaa geesteeda kale), meesha qaybta cross oo jidhka ah, iyo conductivity ee kaamerada (dhammaan walxaha waa kala duwan, laakiin ugu sareeya ee lagu arkay Biraha). Wehliyaha ugu weyn ee conductivity kaamerada arkay, waayo, copper iyo aluminium. Ma aha la yaab leh in labadan Biraha ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in soo saaridda ee fiilooyinka korontada. Ka dib markii sharciga Fourier beegiddaba socodka kulaylka waa la kordhin karaa ama hoos u beddelo mid ka mid ah oo xuduudaheedu waa kuwan.

Convection noocyada kala iibsiga kulaylka

Convection soo jireenka ah inta badan u gaasas iyo cabitaanno ah, wuxuu leeyahay laba qaybood: conductivity kaamerada iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa intermolecular (qaybinta) ee dhexdhexaad ah. farsamo convection garoomada waa sida soo socota: kordhay heer kulka ah ee u taagoo walax dheecaanka bilaabaan in ay dhaqdhaqaaq iyo firfircooni badan ay ka maqan yihiin da'ayeen caqabadaha walax mugga kordhay. natiijo ka mid ah geeddi-socodka this hoos u dhigi doontaa cufnaanta ee walax iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa intii ka sii weynayd. Tusaale ahaan A duwanyihiin of convection - dhaqdhaqaaqa meeldhexaadka ah hawada kulul oo ka batteriga saqafka.

Kala noocyada kala iibsiga kulaylka convection xor ah oo khasab ah. Heat iyo walaaq at nooca mass free waxaa sabab u ah inhomogeneity walax, i.e. kacda dareere kulul jidka qabow dabiiciga ah iyada oo aan dadkaas oo saamayn ah awoodo dibadda ah (tus, by qolka kuleyliyaha kuleylka dhexe). Marka lagu qasbay dhaqdhaqaaqa mass convection dhacdaa hoos tallaabada ciidamada dibadda, sida kareyso qaaddo shaaha.

kulaylka iftiimeen

Shucaac ama wareejinta kulaylka iftiimeen qaadan kartaa meel aan xiriir la shayga kale ama walaxda, sidaa darteed waxaa macquul ah xitaa in vacuum ah (vacuum). kala iibsiga kulaylka Radiative soo jireenka ah si ay u wada ilaa xad ka weyn ama ka yar, oo u muuqda in qaab hirarka electromagnetic la spectrum joogto ah. Tusaale ahaan A duwanyihiin - fallaaraha qorraxda ee. hab ay of tallaabo waa sida soo socota: jirka oo si joogto ah shanqarta xaddi gaar ah oo kulaylka meesha bannaan ee u ku hareereysan. Marka tamarta this in uu wax kale ama walax, qaar ka mid ah waxaa ka mid ah waxaa la nuugo qaybtii labaad maraa, iyo kii saddexaad ka muuqata deegaanka. wax kasta oo labada dhaadheer kara kulaylka iyo nuugo, wax mugdi ah awoodaan si uu u nuugo kulaylka badan iftiinka.

Isugeynta habab kala iibsiga kulaylka

In dabiiciga ah, noocyada kala duwan ee hababka kala iibsiga kulaylka dhif dhaca go'doon. More inta badan, waxay la wada arki karo. In thermodynamics, isku darka xitaa waxay leeyihiin magac, tusaale ahaan, ku kaamerada conductivity + convection - iibsiga kulaylka convective iyo conductivity kaamerada + shucaaca kaamerada waxaa lagu magacaabaa kala iibsiga kulaylka radiation-tabinta. Waxaa intaa dheer, noocyada go'doon sida ay weheliso kulaylka sida:

• kala iibsiga Heat - dhaqdhaqaaqa kulaylka dhexeeya gaaska iyo walax dareere ama adke.
• kala iibsiga Heat - wareejinta t ka mid ah arrinta kale ku dhex xirma farsamaysan.
• kala iibsiga kulaylka Convective-radiative waxaa la aasaasay by isku dhafan ee convection iyo shucaaca kaamerada.

Noocyada sarrifka kulaylka ee dabiiciga ah (tusaaleyaal)

kala iibsiga Heat ee dabiiciga ah door weyn oo aan ku koobnayn kulaylinta qoraxda dunida dacaladeeda. hadda convection baaxad weyn, sida dhaqdhaqaaqa tacsida hawada, inta badan loo ogaado cimilada ee caalamka oo idil.

conductivity kaamerada The ee muhiimka ah dhulka ee keenta in qarxaan geysers iyo dhagaxyada Kobenhagen. Tani waa kaliya ay qeyb yar oo tusaalooyin ah sarrifka kulaylka on heer caalami ah. Si wada jir ah ay u sameeyaan noocyada a of kala iibsiga convective kulaylka iyo kala iibsiga kulaylka shucaaca noocyada tabinta lagama maarmaanka u ah nolosha caalamka.

Isticmaalka kulaylka hawlaha anthropological

Heat - waa qayb muhiim ah oo ku dhowaad dhammaan hababka warshadaha. Way adag tahay in la yidhaahdo nooca kulaylka aadanaha ugu isticmaalo in dhaqaalaha dalka. Malaha dhammaan saddexda waqti isku mid ah. Sababo la xiriira hanaanka wareejinta kulaylka dhacdaa dikhaw biraha, wax soo saarka ee tiro wayn oo alaabta, laga bilaabo waxyaabaha isticmaalka maalin walba iyo soo afjaridda la maraakiibta boos.

Lagama maarmaanka u ah ilbaxnimada leeyihiin unugyo kaamerada awood diinta tamarta kulka galay awood isticmaali karo. Waxaa ka mid ah shidaalka, naaftada, hawadda, marawaxadaha rakibo. Waayo, shaqo ay u isticmaalaan noocyada kala duwan ee kala iibsiga kulaylka.