Opera iyo Tiyaatarka Ballet "La Scala", Milan, Italy, waajihid

Opera ku dhashay Italy iyo mustaqbalka waxaa soo sameeyay sida music iyo jilidda riwaayadaha. Laga bilaabo tan iyo bilowgii xarunta opera qarnigii toddoba qabaa Venice ama Naples. Ka dib markii masraxa "La Scala" on amarka of Maria Theresa ee Austria Queen la dhisay, oo timir ah ee noocan oo kale ah ku sifayn ayaa u dhaqaaqay AC Milan. Sidaas waxaa ilaa maantadan la joogo aad. Tani "macbudka of opera", sida badan waa in loo gudbiyaa bulshada dhexdeeda, ayaa ay heesta u gaar ah, Hobollada Qaranka ee ballet iyo orchestra mushkilado, waxay caan ku tahay qaab la yaab leh adduunka oo dhan.

Background kibir Milan

Tiyaatarka "La Scala" la qotomiyey isla goobta halkaas oo mar istaagay kiniisadda Milan, oo mar dambe magiciisa in dhismaha cusub siiyey. dhismaha ayaa waxaa loogu tala galay in kuwa sano by naqshadeeyaha ugu caansan Dzhozeppe Piermarini, oo halkaasuu ka dhisay laba sano gudahood ee 1778.

All quruxda dhismayaasha qarsoon ka danbeeya dhayal gaar ahaan dareemi adag oo aan, kaas oo loogu talagalay in style a neoclassical. "La Scala" (Milan) waxaa la dhisay si dhakhso ah, sida ay horreeyay la gubay, oo aristocracy Talyaaniga dalbaday qax more deg deg ah ee dhismaha iyo dhiranaan qaab cusub. Sidaa darteed, dibadda ee view of tiyaatarka ma fiiro gaar ah, laakiin waxa ma saamayn decoration gudaha hoolka leh codka kaamil ah, optics, halkaas oo sharciyada oo dhan ayaa la raacay goobta.

Waxa intaa dheer in opera iyo ballet, dhismaha jiray waxyaabo badan oo ka mid ah meelaha aan iyahoo yaabaa dhagaystayaasha maxaliga ah. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen qolal kala duwan ciyaaraha iyo buffets, kaas oo lagu qabtay Card isugu weyn oo Milan ku farxaa aristocracy weyn. Sayidka, dalka oo dhan u noqday "La Scala" ee xarunta this nolosha bulshada. Milan noqday magaalo, oo wuxuu damcay inuu adduunka oo dhan ka heli masraxa-badn oo opera ku caashaqay.

Dhismaha ma ahan oo kaliya habka dib u dhiska marayay, iyo inta lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka ayaa lagu gebi ahaanba tirtiro wejigiisa dhulka, ka dibna soo celiyey Qaabkiisu sida injineer iyo naqshada L. Secchi.

Fanaaniinta iyo dad waaweyn, ku hadla ee derbiyada tiyaatarka

fanaaniinta ugu weyn ee ka dambeeya waqtiga abuuray shuqulladoodu for "La Scala". Italy ayaa had iyo jeer hore u eegay, in muuqan doonaa xilli ciyaareedka cusub, delivshiesya wakhtigaas wakhtiga gu'ga, xagaagii, dayrta iyo damaashaad ah. Saddexdii hore had iyo jeer yihiin dhageystayaasha ku faraxsanahay shuqullada halis operatic, oo kii afraadna wuxuu ahaa u huray in ballet iyo masraxa soo saarka iftiinka kala duwan.

Qarnigii sagaal iyo qayb weyn oo ka mid ah waajihid ee tiyaatarka ahaayeen opera uu qoray odayga caanka ah ee canto bel - Gioacchino Antonio aqalkeeda. Waxa ay ahayd isaga u mahad alla wixii galay Parma style fulin dhab ah oo ku sifayn ah. Markaasuu la yaabay dhagaystayaasha la shaqeeyey ee Donizetti iyo Bellini, iyo gabyeen iyagoo diva caanka opera - Maria Malibran, Giuditta Baastada, iyo kuwo kale oo badan.

Laakiin dhacdada ugu weyn ee ka dambeeya waqtiga ahaa imaanshaha ee "La Scala" (Milan) waa laxamiistaha ugu Talyaani caansan dunida ee Verdi Dzuzeppe. Waxa ay ahayd isaga u mahad in opera Talyaaniga ayaa noqday ma aha oo kaliya in Italy laakiin Europe oo dhan si loo jecel yahay.

No maroojin ahmiyad yarayn of qaddar ahaa muuqaalka ee tiyaatarka, Arturo Toscanini, kuwaas oo uu noqday in waxqabadka cajiib ah oo shuqullada "Aida" sannadihii ay ka yar mahad caan ah. oo isaga ka horreeyey, in "La Scala" Waxaan ahaa kaari ah, ma la kulmaan wax kasta oo shuruudaha loo baahan yahay, laakiin Toscanini kulankiisii xitaa ma jebin yaabaa theatergoers idiindhagaysan. Ka dibna, wuxuu noqday, marka lagu daro in ay xafiiska ugu weyn, oo ah agaasimaha dheeraad ah iyo farshaxanka, kaas oo keenay wax badan oo isbadal fiican ku sameeyaan nolosha masraxa.

In horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad, on the heerarka kala duwan ee "La Scala" Milan iyo tiyaatarka dhagaystayaasha ka fikirin yaabaa sida loo dagaalamo diva ku opera weyn ee qarnigii horyaalka ee prima sida Renata Tibaldi iyo Maria Callas. Waxaa jiray dadka caanka ah oo badan: Luciano Pavarotti, Enrico Caruso, Montserrat Caballe, Plasiddo Domingo, iyo sidoo kale codka ugu fiican ee Russia: Fyodor Chaliapin, Leonid Sobinov iyo kuwo kale oo badan.

waajihid ee maalintii

Tiyaatarka laga furay albaabada ay ku caashaqay tahay toddobaad ee December iyo xilli uu dhamaado bartamihii xagaaga-. Si aad u taariikhda, opera ee "La Scala" ayaa noqon kara mid classical oo casri ah. Laga soo bilaabo marxaladda uu maqli karo shuqullada composers ee la soo dhaafay iyo jeer joogo. Si ay uga qayb iyaga in lagu casuumo sida ugu fiican kirishbooyada, agaasimayaasha iyo hay'adaha ka adduunka oo dhan.

Marka laba ama saddex sannadood oo kasta ee tiyaatarka dhigeysa riwaayadaha caanka ah sida iyo operas sida "Aida", "Falstaff" iyo "Othello", iyo Abuuraha reer taasoo Dzhuzeppe Verdi, iyo "Madame Balanbaalis" ee laxamiistaha ugu Dzhakomo Puchchini oo lagu yaqaan in ay dad badan oo shaqada masraxa-badn Vincenzo Belini "Norma." Waxay waxaa lagu soo bandhigay dadweynaha ee style a classic iyo maroojin casri ah - in xuduudaheedu farsamo mushkilado ah te'atradii ku mahad, iyaga oo awood ah si ay ugaaraan jajuubi mid ka mid ah agaasimaha, kaas oo uu doonayo in uu isticmaalo soosaarida masrixiyada. Sidaa darteed, halkan waajihid had iyo jeer ka farxiya ay dhagaystayaasha.

Waxa intaa dheer in kuwan Classics weyn, waxaad ka heli kartaa Opera si loo waafajiyo oo dhan dhadhankii. Tusaale ahaan, sida a composers-heer caalami ah sida Richard Wagner, Dzhoakkino aqalkeeda, Gaetano Donizetti, Potr Chaykovsky, Modest Musorgsky iyo François Charles Gounod.

Inta u dhaxaysa qaab opera iyo tiyaatarka xilliga ku farxi daawadayaasha ka mid ah riwaayadaha iyo xafladaha kala duwan by xiddigaha caalamiga ah ee ay heesta u gaar ah oo ay la socdaan orchestra ah.

Waa maxay doorka waxaa ciyaaray by ballet ah?

Laga soo bilaabo maalmood ee ugu horreeya ee fanka masraxa ee ballet uu boos weyn oo waajihid ee "La Scala". Milan oo uu dhagaystayaasha maalinta furitaanka arkay wax soo saarka u faraxsan of "maxaabiista reer Qubrus", muyuusiga ah oo si fiican u yaqaan in Legrand oo dhan.

derbiyada tiyaatarka gudahood shaqeeyaan ragga ugu weyn in ay door muhiim ah in ballet ah, sida L. Dupin, D. Rossi iyo William Garcia.

Qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, shirkadda ballet ah te'atradii ku noqday ugu caansan iyo popular Europe oo dhan. Wax yar ka dib in derbiyadii "La Scala" School Ballet waxaa la aasaasay, halkaas oo uu baray choreographers ugu fiican.

museum

Next tiyaatarka, oo ku yaalla dhismaha kale, kaas oo ku yaala noocyo kala duwan oo soo bandhigaa ka go'an ma aha oo kaliya in ay "La Scala", laakiin waxaad tahay oo dhan opera ee Italy oo dhan. Halkan waxa aad ka arki kartaa dharka, alaabta gaarka ah iyo sawirada fannaaniin caan ah, iyo sidoo kale noocyo kala duwan oo alaabtii muusikada iyo xitaa dhowr kulan guddiga, oo uu wakhtigaagu wuxuu ahaa jeclaan of dhagaystayaasha tiyaatarka of sano ee lasoo dhaafay. Inta badan oo ka mid ah ururinta alaabta, kuwaas oo lagu iibsaday at xaraashka ee horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad.

Tigidhada iyo sharciyada lagu dabaqi karo

Si aad u hesho galay dhismaha tiyaatarka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah si ay u dhawraan xeerka labiska qaarkood. Raggu waa la gashan, dacwana u qurux badan, iyo Mudanayaal - in labiska dheer la garbaha xijaabi.

Iibso tigidhada in "La Scala" waxay noqon kartaa 25 euros oo wuxuu ku dhammeeyey dhowr boqol. Oo maalintii furitaanka - qiimaha la gelin ugu weyn, iyo si fiican pre-buugga meel. inta ka dhiman xilli ee booqashada ah te'atradii ku siin kartaa in ku dhow soddon euros, oo waxaa la siin xaqiiqada ah in in kursiga waa in gallery ah.

Inkastoo qiimaha kuwan, saaxiibbo badan opera isku day in aad halkan ka heli at bilowgii xilli ciyaareedkan.