Park "Sophia", Uman. taariikhda park

Park "Sophia" (Uman) - waa meel lagu yaqaan in ay dad badan oo. Sannad kasta guests halkan ido ma aha oo kaliya la Ukraine, laakiin sidoo kale ka dariska ah iyo xitaa dibadda. Maxay dadkan oo dhan soo jiidata? Waa qayb ka mid ah bartamaha dalka waxaa jira geeska ah in uu u qalmo dareenka oo kale ah? Waxaa soo baxday, haa.

Guud ahaan waxaa la ogaadaa karaa in hab qaar ka mid ah Uman - Ukraine ee Ghadafi. Waa maxay sababta? dhibic oo dhan waa in aan u baahan nahay oo kaliya in uu iska heli meeshan, oo waxaad arki doontaa nooca sida kala duwan ee gobolka this: halkan, waxaa ay u muuqataa in ay wax noqon - buuraha iyo Wabiyaal qarsoon dhulka godka hoose iyo beeraha tamarta qoraxda, dhirta gaar ah oo daboolay cawska xaqse seeraha. Oo Ukraine nooc nool, dadka deeqsi iyo aad u dhawayn, diyaar u ah inay quudiyaan socotada ah, si ay u muujiyaan hab iyo la bixiyo dhamaan macluumaadka safarka lagama maarmaanka ah.

article waxa ay ujeedadiisu tahay in uu kuu sheego dhammaan faahfaahinta ku saabsan meesha cajiib this dhulka, sida park "Sophia" (Uman). Akhristaha ma barto oo keliya ku saabsan meesha waa meel this, laakiin sidoo kale si ay u bartaan taariikhda ay dhacdo. Waxyaabaha kale, talooyin iyo talooyin qiimo badan ayaa la siin doonaa waxa ay soo booqdaan in meesha ugu horeysa.

Gobolka Pearl Cherkassy

Uman "Sofievka", park gaar ah in Ukraine - hadalladan, laga yaabee, ay noqdaan dad isku mid u safraya idiindhagaysan badan. Markaasaa waxaa taas wada, dabcan, aan ahayn shil. Aynu isku day in aad arrintan si faahfaahsan uga qaban.

First of dhan waxaa xusid mudan in Uman - magaalo yar oo ku yaalla wadnaha ee Ukraine, gobolka Cherkassy, ku dhowaad meelsha ah labada Magaalo ee mar dhaqan waaweyn ee dalka - Kiev iyo Odessa.

Guud ahaan, ma jiro qiimaha taariikhiga ah oo aad u weyn ama taxadiri naqshadda gaarka ah. Weli, meeshan waxaa soo booqday sanad walba ay ka badan nus milyan oo dalxiisayaal ah oo dhan ka dunida dacaladeeda. Waa maxay sababta dalabka noocan oo kale ah? All mahad xaqiiqda ah in uu jiro mid ka mid ah yaabab ee Ukraine - Arboretum "Sofiyivka", taas oo ah masterpiece ah oo run ah tahay muuqaalkii.

Tani waxay qayb ka mid ah magaalada ka daqiiqo ugu horeysay amazes ay dhul qurux badan, balli ah oo qurux badan, grottos cirfiid iyo farshaxan fantastic. By habka, oo dhan ma ay ogaadaan in park ku yaal magaalada kuwa is-hoosaysiiya yeedhay Uman (Ukraine) gudahood, ka mid ah qaybaha ugu cajiib ah oo dunida laga yaabaa.

"Sofiyivka" sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah meelaha ugu taataabtay ee dalka. Oo kanu ma aha la yaab leh, maxaa yeelay, Taalladaas farshaxanka muuqaalka dhab abuuray oo keliya ma aha magaca jacayl, laakiin waa calaamad u ahaa 200 sano ee la soo dhaafay.

times "Sofiyivka" ee Potocki

Uman, Ukraine on map-ka si aad u hesho kaliya ku filan. goobta Tani waa uun isgoyska of dariiqyada ganacsi oo muhiim ah, oo isaga waa inuu ogaadaa in uu had iyo jeer ahaa, ka aasaasay aad u magaalada this. Haysashada macluumaadkan, ninna waa la yaabay in ay bartaan in tani ay tahay xarunta gaadiidka ayaa waxaa goor dambe doortay dhismaha mid ka mid ah guryaha ee Tirinta S. Potocki, oo loo yaqaan wakhtiga ka ganacsiga iyo nin oday.

Magnate aasaasay park ee dhulka ee hantidoodii ku soo laabtay 1796, si kastaba ha ahaatee ay furitaanka grand ka dhacay May 1800 shuqullada ayaa dib loo dhigay dhowr jeer ay sabab u tahay daadad culus afar sano.

Ugu dambeyn ayaa aad ee dhismaha ayaa ku taariikhaysan magaca-maalintii uu xaaskiisa la jecel yahay ee Tirinta - Sofia Glyavone-Witt-Potocki. Dhab ahaantii, ka dib markii iyada park u helay magaceedii.

Markii hore, doorka dhise sare ee masterpiece mustaqbalka ee park muuqaalka loo yaqaan "Sophia" (Uman) ayaa lagu casuumay Ludwig Metsel, sarkaalka madaafiic ah, adeer ah Potocki. Yaqaan iyo qiimaha guud ee ay heshiis, kaas oo wakhtigaas lacag dhan 2 milyan oo rubles. lacag ah.

Iyadoo la tixraacayo qorshaha ee laga soo galo ugu horeeyay ee park waa dhinaca of koriyo ah, oo sideeda oo ka mid ah oo adag ka qaatay meel ay weheliyaan sariirta webiga. Kamenka. Sida laga soo xigtay mashruuca Metzel la abuuray, nidaamka biyaha park ee balliyada xiran, waterfalls, kuwa kiro u Wabiyaal, farshaxan, grottos Venus, Nut, cabsi iyo shaki, iyo dhagaxii weynaa oo Tarpeian Lefkadiaki.

dhimashada S. Potocki "Sofiyivka" Ka dib waxaa Dhaxli wiilkiisii curadka ka guurka si Yuzefinoy Mnishek - kuwaas oo, Jerzy (Yuri) Szczesny. Laakiin kii dhaxalka lahaa qaybin lahaanshaha magaalada Uman iyo dhigan inuu aayo Sophia, kaas oo la sheegay in ay haysteen in arrin jacayl dheer. Laakiin isagu wuxuu sameeyey ma aha lacag la'aan ah, iyo beddelkeeda bixinta ee ay deynta - 30 million zlotys.

Taa baddalkeeda, sababta oo ah baahida loo qabo in dib u bixiyo deynta ururtay, abti iyo ninkeeda (7.5 million PLN), Sofia ayaa lagu qasbay in 1808 si ay u bixiyaan for sale Uman dowladda Saarka Ruush. Waxay xitaa shaqsi ahaan la hadlay soo jeedinta noocan oo kale ah in Alexander I. Laakiin wakhtigaas heshiiska marnaba ka dhacay.

Ilaa 1813 park "Sophia" (Uman) hayaa xaalad aad u fiican, waxa uu leeyahay mudnaan badan L. Metzel. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii dambe ka baxeen in ay ka shaqeeyaan in Warsaw, "Sofiyivka" ayaa joogsatay si ay u helaan daryeel ku haboon iyo si tartiib tartiib ah u galay suuska dhacay.

Laakiin sida muuqata, aagga weli la dhigay under xiddig nasiib. In 1815 ee Paris, daabacay gabay Zofiówka, uu qoray qoraa Polish Stanisław Stanisław Trembecki. Waxa ay ahayd tii keentaa warkiisii park digsiga-Yurub iyo ammaan.

Ka dib markii xanuun muddo dheer November 22, 1822 milkiilaha park ee Sophia, ku dhintay Berlin, si estate si wiilkeeda Alexander maray. Waxa soo laabtay "Sofievka" quruxdiisa hore ee dhameystirta shuqulladeedu ay cusub cajiib ah iyo xitaa weydiiyo A. Andrzeevski ururiso tilmaan faahfaahsan oo flora park ee.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ay sabab u tahay tuhun Aleksandra Pototskogo oo xidhiidh la leh mucaaradka Polish, inkastoo uu beeniyay xaqiiqda in uu waraaqo shakhsi ah, oo dalkiisa ka dib markii October 21, 1831 ayaa boqollaal gobolka Ruush.

"Sofiyivka" sida Tsarina ee Garden

In kasta oo wax kasta, park ka badan hal sanno ahayd ee maamulka Aleksandra Pototskogo, ka dibna waxaa loo wareejiyay Kiev horeysay shurrucda, iyo mar dambe - sida hadiyad Alexandra a naag ka jecel of All-Ruush Emperor Nicholas I. In taageero of this ee 1850 ee Caucasus buuraha lahaa halkii haysa Jaha taalada ee Tadeusha Kostyushko boqoradda.

Sababo la dhigin ee 1838 st. Garden, ka dibna u qalabyada in jidka weyn, park uu noqdo mid wax badan ka badan ay heli karaan dadweynaha oo uu bilaabo inuu si firfircoon u horumariyaan. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, alcoves dhisay, il ennobled, waddo ugu weyn, iyo meel u dhow albaabka weyn dhisay laba munaarado style Gothic, taagay taambuuggiisa ku saabsan. Anti-Circe iyo balka Flora.

Wax yar ka dib, on amarka Nicholas I, iyo taambuuggiisa ee qaab Gothic Dumin iyo in ay meel uu jiro dhisme ee style ee Renaissance ee loogu talagalay by AI Shtakenshnejdera. munaaraddii galo waxaa sidoo kale la dhiso, markan waxay u abuuray in style oo qaraami ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, Apollo waxaa ka buuxa grotto halkaas oo obelisk la gorgor saddex madax iyo isha jebiyey qurux badan loo yaqaan "Snake".

Park sida dugsiga ugu weyn ee ku beeritaan

By amar of Emperor Alexander II ee 1859 in magaalada la yidhaahdo Uman, "Sophia" safar park oo uu dhawaan ku riyaaqay caan weyn, baxshay "Garden General Umansky Gardening School." In jidh soo this, waxa uu leeyahay dhowr sano.

In 1870, sida labaatan sano ka hor, park mar kale arkaa daad - xidheenka wiiqay balli Cas, iyo socodka biyaha weyn maraa qaybta dhexe ee park ee. Burburin, dabcan, ay ahaayeen, laakiin masiibo total, nasiib wanaag, u suurtagashay in ay ka fogaadaan.

Sida laga soo xigtay mashruuca Vasiliya Pashkevicha, halkan meel ka mid ah 2 ha abuuray Arboretum u gaar ah, laakiin shaqada ugu weyn ee weli loogu talagalay dayactirka luul Uman ee Qaabkiisu.

Waa in la ogaadaa in ee 1897 aagga ahaa 152 hektar, iyo tirada tijaabooyinka, dhirta ayaa gaartay 382 kun.

A park qaranka si fiican u yaqaan

Digreetaddii Dadka Commissars of sii buurayn ee Ukraine on May 18, 1929 magaca magaalada oo ku hadlaya magaca Uman. "Sophia" Park, kuwaas oo taariikhda waa runtii xiiso leh iyo aan caadi ahayn, sheegi gobolka ayaa badbaadin iyo in la aqoonsado urur madax banaan. Iyada oo waqti isku mid ah, qayb ka mid ah dhulkeeda weli u jideeyey, University Deedna ah.

In 1945, ka dib markii dagaalka, waxay haddana u baxshay, markan in Uman State Park "Sofiyivka". Iyo sanadkii 1946, waxa uu hore u qoondeeyay khayraadka badan loogu talagalay dib u soo celinta. Wakhtigan, waxa ay dib u soo celineysa qaar badan oo naqshadda xubno, Sidaana iyo luuq luuqyada. Meel ka mid ah 20 hektar, meel lagu koriyo oo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay taranta ee noocyada kala duwan ee flora iyo kobcinta "Sofiyivka".

Yukreeniyaan Academy of Sciences "Sofievka"

In 1955 "Sofiyivka" waa qeyb ka mid ah Botanical Dhexe ee Garden of the Academy of Sciences of sii buurayn ee Yukreeniyaan ah. Markaas, la kordhiyo aagga of park ee waxaa sabab u ah dalka Umansky Gorkommunkhoz, Machadka Beeraha iyo unit ciidamada. Ha shaqo joojin on horumar ah ee beerta, hoos dayactirka Pink taambuuggiisa, dayrka bedelay albaabka weyn.

In 1956, oo dhan farshaxan ee park ka bedelay nuqulo iyo kuwa asalka ah waxaa loo dirayaa bakhaar. waddo ugu weyn ayaa kaabaya la il durdurrada oo lacag ah.

April 4, 1980 "Sophia" Park (Uman) Recordkii mudflow. raadad ay weli waxaa laga arki karaa by calaamadaha on geedaha (at height ah 3 m).

Arboretum Modern "Sofiyivka"

Ka dib musiibada in 4 bilood ka reebtay goobaha burburka 50 park. Wakhtigan sidoo kale lagu qabtay ururka ka mid ah maamulka iyo dhaqaale ee beerta, kabsaday walxaha hore laga badiyay: ku dhowaad dhiska on qabyada ah ee asalka ah oo ka mid ah balka iyo fungus. Aherusiyskoe.

January 23, 1991 "Sophia" park helo xaaladda hay'ad madaxbannaan oo qayb ka ah Academy Qaranka ee Sayniska ee Ukraine.

Intii lagu guda jiray diyaarinta for dabaal ah bicentenary Arboretum qadarka wayn ee shaqada waxaa fuliyey by naqshadeeyaha ugu Yuri Kalashnikov. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa la abuuray predparkovy galidoonaan soo celiyey balliyada, dib loo soo celiyo qaar ka mid ah xubno ka naqshadda sida farshaxan gorgor iyo grotto ee Apollo.

Xad dhawaan, February 28, 2004, xarunta helay magaceeda rasmiga ah, iyo haatan kan la yidhaahdo Arboretum Qaranka "Sofiyivka".

Maxaa si aad u aragto in park ee meesha ugu horeysa?

Sida kor ku xusan, Uman on map of Ukraine waxaa laga arki karaa cad. Sidaas daraaddeed, isagoo ku yimid wadankan, xataa waqti gaaban, annagu kala ma sooco kara ugu yaraan dhawr saacadood oo masterpiece buuxda this farshaxanka muuqaalka.

On waxa ay tahay in fiiro gaar ah ugu horreeya oo dhan? Sida laga soo xigtay war celin ka mid ah dad badan, "Sofievka" waa in marka hore la arko waxyaabaha xiiso leh sida:

• Snake il;
• Tarpeian Rock,
• Grot Appolona;
• Boogani Cretan;
• ku saabsan. Anti-Circe;
• aagga kiniisadood;
• Grotto of Thetis;
• balka Chinese,
• Calypso grotto;
• biyo-dhac ballaaran.