Physics plasma. Fundamentals of Physics Plasma

jeer marka plasma la xiriira nala wax dhalanteed, aan la fahmi karin, fantastic, waa uu dhammaaday. Maanta fikrad this waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalo. plasma loo isticmaalo in industry ee. The ugu hami of adeegsigeeda technology iftiiminta. Tusaale - laambadihii dheecaan gaaska, ifi ah wadada. Laakiin in nalalka dhaadheer joogo. Sidoo kale waa in alxanka korontada. Ka dib markii alxanka ARC - waa plasma ah ee ay toosh plasma ah. Mid ka mid ah tixraacaan kartaa tusaalooyin kale oo badan.

Plasma Physics - Waa laan muhiim ah oo sayniska. Sidaa darteed waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la fahmo fikradaha aasaasiga ah ee la xiriira in ay. Tani waa mawduuca of our article.

Qeexid iyo noocyada kala duwan ee plasma

Maxay waa plasma? Determination in physics la siiyo arrin cad. Plasma waxaa loo yaqaan xaalad ah wax meesha dambaysta ah ayaa muhiim ah (u dhigma tirada guud ee Qurub), tirada Qurub eedeeyay (side) awood dheeraad ah ama lacag la'aan ah wax ka yar in ay u guuraan gudaha walaxda. Waxaan kala saari karaa noocyada soo socda ugu weyn ee physics plasma. Haddii sidayaal ah ayaa iska leh, si ay qayb ka mid ah hal nooc (oo ah calaamad horjeeda ee Qurub lacag, neutralizing nidaamka aadan haysan xoriyadda dhaqdhaqaaqa), waxa la yidhaahdaa waa qayb hal. Xaaladdan oo ka soo horjeeda waa - laba ama multicomponent.

Features plasma

Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaan si kooban u sharxi doono fikirka ah plasma ah. Physics - sayniska sax ah, sidaas oo aan qeexitaan ma aan samayn karo. Haddaba sheeg oo ku saabsan sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee gobolka this arrinta.

sifooyinka plasma ee physics kuwan. First of dhan, ee gobolka this ka yar tallaabada ciidamada electromagnetic horey u yar waxaa jira dhaqdhaqaaqa baabuurta - ilaa inta ciidamada, kuwaas oo aan baabi'i doontaa, sababtoo ah baaritaanka ilaha ay hadda in la barwaaqaysan sidan oo kale oo. Sidaa darteed, plasma ayaa ugu danbeyn galaa xaalad halkaas oo ay tahay magaabo-dhex-dhexaad ah. In si kale loo dhigo, ay mugga, tiro badan oo ah cqaadir, waxay leeyihiin eber lacag. feature labaad ee plasma waa la xiriira in nooca mudada fog ee ka Coulomb iyo ciidamada Ampere ee. Wuxuu ka kooban yahay in xaqiiqda ah in dhaqdhaqaaqa ee gobolka this, sida caadiga ah, waxay leeyihiin dabeecad wadareed, ku lug leh tiro badan oo ah qayb ku amray. Kuwanu waa sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee physics plasma. Waxay noqon lahaa mid waxtar leh in la xasuusto.

Labada of sifooyinka waxay keenaan xaqiiqda ah in physics plasma caadi ahayn taajir oo kala duwan. The muujinta ugu duwanyihiin waxa ka mid ah waa istareexsan ee dhacdo of noocyada kala duwan ee dheeraadaan daganaansho la'aanta. Waxay yihiin caqabado dhab ah in codsiga la taaban karo ee plasma. Physics - saynis ah in si joogto ah guuxayay. Sidaa darteed, waxaa la rajeynayaa in in waqti carqaladahan waa laga saarayaa.

plasma The in cabitaanno ah

Jeestay tusaale gaarka ah ee qaab-dhismeedka, waxaan bilaabi by fiirsaneysa hoosaadyo plasma in arrinta waxaysidoo. dareere dheeraad ah waa in la horrayn loo yaqaan Biraha dareere ah - tusaale, taas oo u dhiganta jimaynta plasma - hal electrons plasma side qayb. Si adag u hadlaya, waxaan xiiso u category waa in loo saarin, iyo elektrolytka dareere ah, kuwaas oo ku socota - udhigo labada calaamadaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababo kala duwan, electrolytes aadan ka tirsaneyn this category. Mid ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah waxay ka kooban tahay ee xaqiiqda ah in in elektrolytka ee iftiin ma ay lahayn, sidayaal dhaqaaqin sida electrons. Sidaa darteed, guryaha plasma kor ku xusan waxaa lagu muujiyay sida weyn u taagta daran.

kiristaalo plasma

plasma ee kiristaalo uu leeyahay magac gaar ah - plasma adag-state. In kiristaalo Madbacada qaranka, in kastoo ay jiraan dacwado, balse ay weli yihiin. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira plasma lahayn. In biraha - waa electrons conductivity dhismaha plasma hal-qayb. Her lacag u magdhabay amarka go'an (more hufan, aan awoodin inay u dhaqaaqdo masaafo dheer) udhigo.

plasma ee semiconductors

Ka fiirsaneysa asaaska physics plasma, waxaa in la ogaadaa in ee semiconductors xaaladda ay tahay mid ka badan oo kala duwan. Si kooban u sifaha. OCP waayo, walxahan waxay dhici kara haddii aad u gala nijaasta khuseeya. Haddii uu xayl si fudud ugu deeqay electrons (deeq), ka dibna waxaa jira sidayaal nooca n-- electrons. Haddii wasakhnimadii, in la barbardhigo, electrons fudud loo ururin (acceptors), ka dibna waxaa jira sidayaal nooca-p - godad (meelaha madhan ee qaybinta electrons), kaas oo u dhaqmo sida Qurub leh lacag wanaagsan. The plasma laba-qayb la aasaasay by electrons iyo godad dhacdaa semiconductors hab xitaa fudud. Tusaale ahaan, ay timaado hoos tallaabo iftiinka shubto ah, waaleen la electrons ka band valence in band tabinta ah. Ogsoonow in xaaladaha qaarkood, electrons iyo godad waxaa soo jiitay in kasta oo kale, waxaa laga yaabaa in dawlad ku xidhay, oo la mid ah in ay la eb hydrogen ah, - exciton ah, iyo haddii ay xoogga bamka iyo cufnaanta ee excitons waa weyn yahay, waxay isku si ay u sameeyaan dhibic oo dareere ah electron-dalool. Mararka qaarkood xaalad this waxaa loo arkaa gobolka cusub ee arrin.

ionization gaaska

Kuwaan ayaa ah tusaalooyinka tixraac kiisaska gaarka ah ee gobolka plasma iyo plasma qaab saafi ah waxaa loo yaqaan gaaska ionized. By ay ionization keeni kartaa waxyaabo badan, berrinka korontada ah (dheecaanku gaaska, onkod a), dheecaan iska Ifto Yuuna ah (photoionization), walxaha degdeg ah (radiation ilaha shucaaca, rays runtan, kaas oo la furay iyo degree oo kor u kacaya ee ionization dheer). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, arrin ugu muhiimsan waa kulaylku gaaska (ionization kaamerada). Xaaladdan oo kale, kala electrons ka raadad la eb ee isku kula Qurub kale ee gaaska dambe isagoo tamarta ogeed ku filan ay sabab u tahay heerkulka sare.

High-heerkulka iyo plasma low-kulka

physics plasma-kulka Low - wax oo aan la maalin kasta. Tusaalooyinka xaaladaha sida laga yaabaa in olol, walaxda in dheecaan gaaska iyo Hillaac leh, noocyada kala duwan ee meel plasma qabow (ionosphere iyo meerayaasha magnetosphere iyo xiddigaha), maalka ka shaqeeya qalabka farsamada kala duwan (matoorrada MHD, matoorada plasma, gubidda, iyo wixii la mid ah N..) . Tusaalooyinka plasma kulul - (. Tokamak, qalab laser, iyo al qalab dogob) wax xiddiga dhamaan marxaladaha kala duwan ee ay horumar, marka laga reebo ilmanimada hore iyo da 'weyn, dheecaanka ka shaqeeya nidaamka ay gacanta ku isuga nuclear.

gobolka afaraad ee arrinta

qarnigii bar ka hor, physicists iyo farmashiye dad badan ayaa rumaystay arrinta ka kooban atamka iyo taagoo. Waxay ka mideysan yihiin isku dhafan oo ka mid ah aad isbeddel ama ka badan ama ka yar ku amray. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in ay jiraan saddex marxaladood - gas, dareere, oo adag. Muqaadaraadka qaadanayeen sarkhaansan yihiin xaaladaha dibadda.

Currently, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaan dhihi karaa in ay jiraan 4 dalalka arrinta. plasma in loo arki karaa cusub, afraad. Its farqiga ka soo aruurshey (adag oo dareere ah) dhigayaa ka kooban yahay in xaqiiqda ah in, sida gaaska leeyahay oo keliya ma aha barti xiirid ah, laakiin mugga gaar ah sidoo kale go'an. Dhinaca kale, ka wadaagaan plasma aruurshey joogitaanka state of si kala duwan gaaban, jagooyinka xiriir E. ie. Iyo halabuurka ee qayb ka ah iyadoo amarka plasma deriska ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, xiriir noocan oo kale ah ma aha ee ay ciidamada intermolecular iyo Coulomb: amarka magac la mid ah isu iska riixo oo uu jiidayo ku eedeeyay duwan.

physics plasma waxaa na si kooban dib loo eego. topic Tani waa arrin culus, sidaas darteed waxaan ka hadli karaa kaliya waxa aan aasaaska qaawiyey. physics plasma, dhab ahaan u qalmo tixgelin dheeraad ah.