Simecoon Bekbulatovich: Biography ee uu noloshiisa, sawir, taariikhda boqornimadiisa, dib u habaynta

Tsar Ivan Grozny caanka ku ahaa oo keliya ma aha, waayo, dib u habaynta ay weyn in loo ogol yahay Russia in ay qaataan kaalinteedii ka mid ah awoodaha ugu xoogga badan ee ka dambeeya waqtiga, laakiin sidoo kale eccentricities ah, ayaa soo jeedinaya dadka kale naxdin aan ka yarayn dil mass sababta oo ah saadaalin ah. Mid ka mid ah tallaabooyinka kuwan wuxuu ahaa boqorka difaacaneysa Simecoon Bekbulatovich. taariikhda dhalashada waa la garanayn. Isla mar ahaantaana, Filimadan badan, inta badan iska horimanaya, caddaymo uu sidaas lagu magacaabo guddiga.

Simecoon Bekbulatovich: A Biography (dhalinyarada)

About carruurnimada ee nin, oo markii danbe xitaa si kooban u qaaday carshiga, wax yar loo yaqaan. Sain-Bulat Khan ahaa ina Bek-Bulat - farac si toos ah Genghis Khan iyo Sultan ka Nogai Horde. Uu awoowe Ahmet ahaa taliyihii ugu dambeeyey ee Horde Golden ah, oo sii waday in ay ku hay tiirsanaanta siyaasadeed oo ah amiirradii Moscow.

Ivan afaraad casuumay Bek-Bulat wiilkiisa hawshiisu. amiirka jir ah la gacangeliyey Xun oo cadeeyay sida askari wanaagsan, si uu dhintay ka dib, waxa uu ahaa nooca Sain-Bulat.

By amar of Emperor amiir dhallinyarada guursaday gabar ka soo jeedaa qoys caan boyar - Maria Andreyevna Kleopinoy-Kutuzov. Oo sidaas buu by ay boos kor ku abtirsan Ruush istaagay, maxaa yeelay, wuxuu ahaa nooca Genghis, iyo guurka la aristocrat Ruush kaliya adkaynay booska.

Boqor Kasimov

Halka dhaqanka ee hadda jira, iyo taliyayaashii Ruush inta badan siiyey casuumay amiirradii Tatar si aan ku dhaxlo magaalada oo dhan. Sidaa darteed, mid ka mid ma la yaabay markii, ee 60s daahay Simecoon Bekbulatovich magacaabay Khan in Kasimov, waqti isku mid ah uu ka helay horyaalka ee "Midiidin", halka xataa boyars sida ugu fiican ee ku dhashay ayaa u yeedhay oo kaliya "Addoon Ivana Groznogo."

Inta lagu guda jiro boqortooyada reer Simecoon Bekbulatovich Kasimov uu ka qayb qaatay dagaalkii Livonian ah, iyo sidoo kale tug ee mushaarka, lowska iyo Kolyvan. Isla mar ahaantaana, at ku adkeysaneyso in Ivana Groznogo, waa la baabtiisay iyo qaatay magaca Simecoon. By markii ugu Bekbulatovich ahayd carmal ah oo guursatay si ay ninkeeda dhawaan laga badiyay in Princess Daahir Riyaale Cherkassy.

Iyada oo guurka Simecoon Bekbulatovich - boqorkii Kasimov - buuna la yeeshay qoyska boqortooyada, sidii xididdada oo uu naagtiisa labaad dhiig Sofii Paleolog.

In guurka, lamaanaha lahaa saddex wiil iyo saddex gabdhood.

Waa maxay sababta wareejinta awoodda?

Ilaa iyo hadda, sababta in Ivan Grozny gaaro madaxa qofka inconspicuous gobolka sida, Simecoon Bekbulatovich, ayaa weli ku xiran ka mid ah dood of taariikhyahanadu.

Waxaa jira versions badan. Sida laga soo xigtay ugu badan Ivanu Groznomu waxaa la sameeyey la Fidneeyey dhimashada dhow taliyaha Russia oo dhan, haddaba sidaas daraaddeed, caga carshiga qofka kale, wuxuu rajaynayay inuu khiyaameeyaan qaddar. Sidoo kale waxaa jira dareen ah in uu doonayo in uu ka guuraan muddo ah ee hooska ahna ugu waxyooda ay cadaawayaashooda qarsoon. taariikhyahanadu Qaar ka mid ah horey la xiqiijiyay, oo sidaas daraaddeed ayaa boqorkii ku doonayay in uu leexiyo carada caanka ah, kuwaas oo ay adag tahay inuu ka soo kabsado jahli uu qabay ay u adkeystaan inta lagu guda jiro oprichnina ah, "dhaqaaqin fallaadho" on shisheeye amiirka.

On carshiga gobolka Ruush

Wax kasta oo ay ahayd, in 1575, Ivan Xun ku amray inay taaj oo ahaa boqorkii reer Simecoon Bekbulatovich oo la siiyo horyaalka ah "Grand Prince of All Russia." isaga qudhiisuse wuxuu la qoyskiisa ka Kremlin in ay Petrovka dhaqaaqay. Xaaladdan oo kale, dalka si rasmi ah u kala qaybiyey, muujinayo Ivanov Moscow sida go'aansaday hadda ka dib la naaneeso "hore" oo ahaa taliyihii dalka, dhaxal yar. Waxaa uu bilaabay fikirkiisu u gaar ah, kaas oo ku orday ku Godunov, The qaawan oo Bielski.

Total boqor cusub oo boqor ka ahaa muddo 11 bilood ah. Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, sida uu sheegay danjire oo shisheeye, ayuu ka Biyac Kaniisadaha, iyo Kaniisadda oo dhan warqado qaaday, ka cawday waxaa ka mid ah qarniyo, oo baabbi'iyeen. Intaa waxaa dheer, by si Simecoon si rasmi ah, laakiin dhab ahaan la amarka Ivan Xun ka, waxaana la dilay qaar ka mid ah ka timi, oo isaga soo dhawaaday ka dib markii oprichnina ah, laakiin ma uusan soo baxaan himilooyinkaas. Sidaa daraadeed waxaa la fuliyay kale "howlgal nadiif ah" in madaxda sare ee xoogga.

Simecoon Bekbulatovich iyo dib u habaynta uu lama si cad u gartay by saffarro uu, laakiin xasillooni, oo Ivan Grozny waxay ka cabsan jireen ma aysan dhicin.

barakac

In la hubiyo in isku shaandhaynta siyaasadeed waa guul, Xun muujiyay "qanacsanayn" falimihiisii kale iyo Simecoon, oo waxaa lagu "qasbay" si ay ula wareegaan usha inuu dib u bixiyo xun, dhaawac sababay kiniisadda.

Ugu yaraan, tallaabada Ivan IV la soo bandhigay in dadkii iyo dadkii ku abtirsan iftiinka this. boqorka ayaa la ogol yahay in dib loo bilaabo xarfaha tirtiray, laakiinse wuxuu iyagii ku maray in ay wakiil u gaar ah, ilaalinta iyo ku daray in ay khasnadda bannaan ee dalalka kiniisadda. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa la xamanayaa in badan oo ka mid ah madaxda kiniisadda lahaa in ay bixiyaan lacago badan ugu inuu ka soo kabsado ugu yaraan qayb ka mid ah hantida iyo Biyac ay.

Sida lagu sheegay dowladaha si ay u safiirada shisheeye, gaaban oo boqornimadii weyn Simecoon Bekbulatovich (taariikhda goysiga carshiga la aqoon, laakiin saynisyahano aaminsan yihiin in waxa ka dhacay October 1576) ayaa loo ogol yahay Ivanu Groznomu aan xanuun lahayn qaado qayb ka mid muhiim ah hantida ka soo Church ee, iyo sidoo kale show oo dhan ku qanacsanayn in " laga yaabaa in xitaa maamulka ugu xumaa ".

boqor noqday

Ka dib afgambigii reer Simecoon Bekbulatovich (photo hoose) la amray in ay u adeegaan ee Tver, halkaas oo uu qoondeeyey aayahooda cusub. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu la hadhay horyaalka ee Grand Duke, oo jiray oo Ivan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan dambe ayaa waqti isku mid ah in dukumentiyada rasmiga ah waxaa loo bixiyey weli boqorka. Loogama qaadi of xoog, kaas oo isaga iyo si lahaayeen si rasmi ah oo keliya, iyo Simecoon Bekbulatovich waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah dadka dhulka ugu weyn ee ka dambeeya waqtiga. Sida laga soo xigtay buugga culimmada raagayaan uu estate, ururiyey oo ku saabsan 1580, in gobollada Tver iyo Mikulinsky uu isku dal layaal lahaa oo kaliya in 13,500 acres. Intaa waxaa dheer, uu ka fadilnaa mudnaanta gaar ah, kaas oo isaga u siiyaan xaq u leeyihiin inay canshuur iyo canshuuraha in ay Nicmada, taas oo aan la oggol yahay in ay inta kale, xitaa ugu sare, adeega dadka boqortooyada Moscow ee.

xirfadiisa dheeraad ah

Tan iyo dhamaadkii 1577 5 sano Simecoon Bekbulatovich qaaday qayb firfircoon ee colaadaha ka dhanka ah Poland. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, natiijada duurka this, ma suurto gal ahayd in la gaaro, waayo, innaba geesinimada talantigii ka mid ah taliyaha toona.

dhimashada Ivana Groznogo ee 1588 Grand Duke Simecoon in muddo ah ka dib markii uu ahaa awoodaan si ay u ilaaliyaan oo ay meel sare. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaan u soo dhowaada carshiga Boris Godunov noqday si adag reserved dhallinyarada Tsar Feodor First ka dhanka ah amiirka Tver.

dulli

Ka dib markii boqorka noqday, Godunov amartay boyars ku dhaariyey inay ku dhaartaan oo ma ay wada qaadi doono tallaabo kasta kala iibsiga ee carshiga reer Simecoon Bekbulatovich ama carruurtiisa. Intaa waxaa dheer, ayuu ugu dhakhsaha badan waxaa laga helay marmarsiiyo in la baabi'iyo tartamaya khatar ah oo awooda dalka, qaraabo dhow Simecoon Bekbulatovich - I. Mstislav - uu ku lug lahaa mid ka mid ah sirqoollada ka dhanka ah boqorka oo dhan-awooda badan walaalkiis sharciga, iyo ka dib markii uu la xiray, "ayuu taliye of Russia oo dhan" hore Waxa uu soo gaaray Opal. Wuxuu qaatay hanti iyo sharaf, balse ma musaafuriyay, jidaynayey si ay ugu noolaadaan caasimada hore ee Kushaline gaarka ah.

cabsi Godunov ma ahaayeen sal lahayn, sida kuwii gobta ahaa qaar ka mid ah run ahaantii shirqoolka shirqool in enthronement boqorka, kuwaas oo horey u heystey carshiga ogolaanshaha ee Ivana Groznogo. shirqool waxaa ka soo qeyb tirooyinka sida fiican u yaqaan siyaasadeed ee ka dambeeya waqtiga, sida Theodore Nikitich Romanov iyo Belsky. Amarkooda ahaa xanaaqsan, iyo Simecoon, sida ay wararka qaar sheegayaan, tiray.

Ruhbaaniyad

Waxa uu badiyay hortiisa oo uu ku dhacay dulli Simecoon Bekbulatovich bilaabay inuu doondoono tacsiyaynta iimaanka ku xagjir ah. Oo isagu wuxuu dhisay macbudyo, allabarina u bixin Macaabidda Yuhuud ah. Laga soo bilaabo waxbarashada kuwan, oo wuxuu lahaa oo waqti qaadan off inta lagu guda jiro goysiga ah Dimitri First, kuwa marka hore isaga lagu casuumay inuu Moscow iyo salaaxidda. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaaladda this ma dheer ma socon, oo beenaala ugu gataan, ayaa lagu xukumay xabsi in Cyril-Belozersky St. ka keniisad. Raagayaan tan iyo dokumenti saxiixay isaga by, bara Abbot ee keniisad ah in la qaato nidarradeedii oo reer Simecoon Bekbulatovich oo waxaad ku qortaa oo ku saabsan isaga shakhsi ahaan.

April 3, 1616 ee ahaa boqorkii hore qaaday nidarradeedii monastic hoos magaca Stephen. Laga soo bilaabo in Simecoon Bekbulatovich, kuwaas oo Biography xusuusinayaa novel quudhin, ku dhowaad noolaa sidii maxbuus.

Isaga oo xaaladda sii xumaatay markii Vasilii Shuyskom, wadaad musaafuriyay Solovki.

maalmood qadhaadh ee uu Simecoon, oo sidoo kale ah wadaad a Stefan qalin ee Moscow ee 1616 oo waxaa lagu aasay keniisad Simonov ah.

Hadda waxaad garan oo ahaa Simecoon Bekbulatovich, sannadaha cimrigaaguna in kaliya la ineey ku tilmaamay karaan (1540s - 1616 th). Sababaha soo noqdo af naftiisa, taas oo uu ku jiray carshiga Ruush, weli ku xiran yihiin ee doodaha by taariikhyahan oo lagama yaabo abid in la rakibo.