Muscovy iyo amiirradii ugu horeeyay

In 1147, ayaa markii ugu horeysay ku xusan taariikhda Moscow. Waqtigaas in ay ahayd estate ee Prince Yuriya Dolgorukogo. Qarnigii 12aad, Moscow ahaa yar oo magaalada-qalcaddayda. Waxaa jiray waqti in xadka madaxda 4: Smolensk, Ryazan, Vladimir iyo Suzdal iyo Chernigov. Waxay lahaa cillado ay. Location isgoyska of 4 madaxda yeellay iyada "thoroughfare" inta lagu guda jiro ololaha military amiirrada. Sidaa darteed, door muhiim ah la siiyo si ay u xoojiyo magaalada. Sidaas daraaddeed, in 1156 caasimada hadda ee Russia ayaa la xoojiyey leh oo ay derbiyo cusub alwaax. By bartamihii qarnigii 12aad-ka, magaalada waxay noqotay ugu weyn, si kastaba ha ahaatee, qabsadeen dhul aan ka badan kala bar Kremlin maanta. Wakhtigan, kibir Moscow aha mid madax banaan. Waa qayb ka mid ah dhulka Vladimir-Suzdal ahaa.

Muscovites ka qayb qaatay ee dagaalladii internecine. In 1170 ay taageerto walaalaha A. Bogolyubsky ka dhanka ah action Jaropolk inuu soo qabto dhulkooda. Markii uu ogaaday in dagaalka waxaa ka soo qeyb Moscow, Yaroslav ayaa lagu qasbay inuu dib u soo noqdaan. Waayo, kanu, sanadka soo socda, meel magaalada ahayd la gubay.

In 1238, Moscow ayaa la burburiyay by faraha ka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo this, ayay sii waday in ay ku raaxaystaan sumcadda ku laayeen ammaan ah.

Prince of Moscow ee 1250 ahaa Alexander Nevsky ah, kuwaas oo u dardaarmo iyo wiilkiisii Daniel kibir. Muddo dheer wiilka hoos u of adeerkiis ahaa. 10 sano ka dib, Daniel noqday ee Moscow amiirka iyo sidaas aasaaskii amiirradii Moscow ee line dhigay.

Xuduudaha waxbarashada dadweynaha ahaayeen kuwo yar yar. Iyada oo qayb ka waxaa jiray kaliya laba magaalooyinka waaweyn Zvenigorod iyo Moscow. Sidoo kale waxaa jiray 3 xaafadaha: Radonezh, Ruza iyo Przemysl.

In kasta oo ay size yar yar, madax ee Moscow durba qarnigii 14aad, hor istaagi karay magaalooyinka waaweyn sida Tver. Qarnigii la mid ah u bilaabay si firfircoon uga soo biiray gobollada kale ee Russia.

qax ayaa ka mid ah dadka ka soo Murom, Rostov, Vladimir ay sabab u tahay weerarrada ee tataarka ka dhigay Muscovy mid ka mid ah ugu dadka. Tani waxay ogol yahay gobolka in ay ku kici.

Furitaanka dariiqyada ganacsi ee isku xirta Lithuania iyo Poland la Polotsk, Smolensk, East noo ogolaatay Muscovy horumarinta dhaqaalaha.

Distance ka tataarka Lithuanian ayaa sidoo kale door ka ciyaaray xoojinta saameynta ay magaalada qarnigii 14aad.

Amiirrada koowaad ee Moscow

awoowe The oo ah amiirradii dadka line waxaa loo arkaa Daniil Aleksandrovich. In 1263, uu aabbihiis, Aleksandra Nevskogo, dhaxal yar, taas oo ka dib markii in muddo ah bilaabay si ay u fuliyaan magaca "Muscovy" ka helay. Marka Daniil waxaa updated Kremlin, aasaasay St. Danilov keniisad, dhisay kiniisadda. Inta lagu guda jiro boqornimadiisa, caasimadda ah ee Russia casriga ah ayaa si weyn u balaariyay xuduudaha oo wuxuu u xoogaystay ay meel.

dhimashada ee dalka Daniel Alexandrovich Ka dib maray in wiilkiisii curadka ahaa - Yuri Danilovich, kaas oo dhimashada ah ee reer Tver amiir ka dib markii ku guuleystay xaq u leeyahay inuu madax u ahaa Vladimir. Marka Yuri Moscow balaariyay xuduudaheeda: in 1303 oo ahaa LABAGEEDI Kolomna Mozhaisk.

Ka dib dilkii of Yuri Danilovich Duchy ee Moscow maray walaalkiis - Ivan dalkaasi. Inta lagu guda jiro boqornimadiisa ayaa ku lifaaqan Yaropolch, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Bogolyubovo, Pereslavl-Zaleski. Iyada oo boqornimadiisa, oo Mikaa'iil Cathedral ee male ah, geedkii Kremlin la dhisay.

Booliska dalkaasi ka ahaa bedelka Simecoon kibirsan ee. Waxa uu u jideeyey, amiirradii yar imperiously dhaqantay, ballaarinta xuduudaha dalka Moscow ee. Thanks u yiqiin oo saaxiib dhow la ah Khan ee Horde Golden ah, iyo Simecoon siiyaa nolosha nabad ah in ay gobolka u gaar ah.

All amiirradii reer Moscow sameeyey talaabooyin muhim ah si kor loogu qaado saamaynta kibir Moscow iyo soohdimaheeda ballaariyo. Laakiin laga yaabaa in kaalin ugu weyn taariikhda ka dhigay Daniil Aleksandrovich, kuwaas oo bilaabay inuu lifaaq dalka, dhul cusub.