Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich: Biography gaaban

Mararka qaarkood sheekada waa cadaalad darro in dadka ku tagay calaamad muhiim ah waxa ku jira, oo waxaad siisaa reer credit dadka kale. Laakiin waqti badan oo joojisey wax kasta meeshiisii oo u oggolaanaysa in deymo cusub dhacdooyinka ee la soo dhaafay. Mid ka mid ah dadkaasi, kuwaas oo feat waxaa qiimo tiro by saffarro, waa geesi ka mid ah Battle of Chesma - buuxda Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, xaqiiqooyinka xiiso leh nolosha kuwaas oo loo bixiyo si akhristayaasha of this article.

midshipman Spiridov

Taliyaha ciidamada badda Ruush fiican Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich waxa uu ku dhashay on January 31, 1713 oo qoyska ka mid ah taliyaha reer Vyborg - magaalada reconquered ka Sweden by Peter aan intii lagu jiray Dagaalkii Northern ah. Ka dib markii la helo waxbarashada guriga, haboona Sirkaalkii dhallinyarada, ayuu si iskeed ah, waayo, badda. Horeba ee da'da shan iyo toban, si guul leh qaadashada imtixaanka ee cilmiga sahanka, uu horyaalkiisii ugu horeysay - midshipman ah.

In sano in ka St. Petersburg kooxda Caspian ee badmaax oo dhallinyaro ah ayaa si toos ah, iyaga dhex marinka waajibaadka firfircoon oo waxay u adeegeen Spiridov. Gregory, hoos amarka ah taliyaha ciidamada badda khibrad iyo hydrograph Alekseya Nagaeva yimid, aad si guul leh ku guuleysto xigmadda sayniska badda. A dhowr sano ka dib uu ku Aaminto amarka laba gekbotami - Maraakiibta shiraaca saddex-masted gaadiidka badeecadaha iyo degtey. Sanadihii kuwa, gayanaya wadooyinka Spiridova orday ka jaaket in Faaris.

Adeegga on badda bari

In 1732, badmaaxa yar iyo rajo wareejiyay Kronstadt, halkaas oo la helay darajo ee midshipman hore, isagoo weli si ay ugu adeegaan on doonniyaha Fleet Baltic iyo adjutant u doortay inay ka-xigeenka Admiral Peter Bredahl lix sano. Waxaa soo socda si fiican taliyaha ciidamada badda tegey tababarka dagaalka dhabta ah Spiridov. Gregory A., kuwaas oo Biography waxaa kala saari Karin xidhiidh ula taariikhda of raxan Ruushka gelin sannadahaas, waxaa la socday ku-xigeenka Admiral in duulaan Azov ka dhanka ah maraakiibta Turkish iyo qayb ka mid ah ka wadaan Don ka qaybgalay dagaalka oo dhan.

Ka dib markii in, rikoorka uu track waxaa buuxsantay saddex sano qaatay ee North of Russia, Arkhangelsk, halkaas oo markabka cusub ee la dhisay Spiridov dhigaysa kala guurka ah si ay u guraan sidii xusuus isaga ugu Kronstadt. Halkan, ka badan tobankii sano ee soo socda, wuxuu ku amray oo keliya ma aha ee dariiqyada ganacsi ee dalaka, laakiin sidoo kale - taas oo ah mid aad muhiim u ah mustaqbalka - yachts maxkamadda. Tani waxay isaga ku siinayaa fursad ay ku helaan warkiisii amarka Fleet Baltic dhexdooda, iyo ugu muhiimsan - ee wareegyada ugu sareeya ee ku abtirsan.

Natiijadan ayaa waxa aan ahaa muddo dheer ku soo socda, iyo in 1754 uu uniform qurxiyey insignia kabtanka darajo saddexaad. In darajo this Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich noqdo xubin ka mid ah guddiga gobolka, kaas oo Charter cusub ee Navy la aaminay. Dhammaadka shaqada, waxaa loo magacaabay Taliyaha Ciidamada Bada ee Sidukiinta arday Corps, halkaas oo darajo Taliyaha shirkadda Spiridov diyaarinaya admirals ay Ruush mustaqbalka.

Ka qayb qaadashada War toddobadii sannadood ay

Years War Toddoba sannadood ', xisbi oo, ay la socdaan dad badan oo ka mid ah awoodaha waaweyn ee dunida oo noqday Russia, Gregory A. qaatay in Fleet Baltic fulinaya hawlgallada dagaalka, inta lagu guda jiro kuwaas oo si toos ah hawlaha ka soohdintii reer Sweden, Danzig, Copenhagen iyo Stralzunda. Marka, ee 1761, General Pyotr Rumyantsev, hareera qalcadda ee Kolberg (territory hadda Polish), way qabsadeen xoojiyo, waa Spiridov on maraakiibta ay u keeneen laba kun oo ciidamada.

Waxa uu kor u carshiga ee 1762, dhallinyarada Empress Catherine II mahad mudnaanta "sarkaal daacad ah oo geesi ah" (oo sheegay in ay ku saabsan, General Rumyantsev), iyo Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich loo dalacsiiyay Admiral danbe uu magacaabay taliyaha koox dad ah oo ah dheregno. Waxa ay ahayd meel aad mas'uul ka. Waajibaadka Admiral cusub ka dhigay ahaa si loo hubiyo ammaanka ee isgaarsiinta badda Östersjön. Dhamaadka War toddobadii sannadood ay, markii qaar ka mid ah uu isagu iigula adeegay sida Chief of dekedaha Kronstadt iyo dheregno, ka dibna noqda Taliyaha a of Baltic Fleet ah, halkaas oo uu mar bilaabay xirfadiisa ciyaareed sida midshipman ah.

In doonidiina waayo, ammaanta

Laakiin inta badan si cad u laftiisa muujiyey dagaalka dagaal Spiridov Ruush-Turkish, oo waxay bilaabeen in 1768 oo socday muddo lix sano ah. Waqtigaa uu dalacsiiyay Admiral, Order of St. Alexander Nevsky iyo waxa loo magacaabay taliyaha duulaan ee badda, in ay soo gudbiyaan si jasiiradaha Greek. From viljelypalsta Kronstadt koox dad ah ka tegey ee July 1769, oo lix bilood ah ka dib soo gaadhay Jasiiradda badda ee qaybta koonfureed ee ka Balkans, halkaas, iyadoo la raacayo qorshaha xilli ciyaareedkan, iyadoo doonniyaha duulaan labaad, hogaaminayo Admiral John Elphinstone biiray.

Ka dib markii in muddo ah saarnaa flagship kacay ayuu ka Livorno-in-chief yimid, General Tiri Alexei Orlov, by Empress Catherine II diray loogu dhigay amarka oo dhan ciidamada badda ee Russia, oo ku yaalla Badda Mediterranean-ka. On uu yimid bilaabay howlgallo militari oo firfircoon, oo sabab u ah, kuwaasi oo ay ku qabteen magaalada Arcadia iyo Mistra, iyo sidoo kale xarumaha ciidamada, oo ku yaalla Navarino iyo Itilone. Si looga hortago raxan Ruushka urub Empire ayaa lagu qasbay inuu soo jiid aagga this xoog badan.

Inaan ku guuleysto dagaalka Khiyos

dagaalka ugu horeeya ee weyn ee la raxan ah Turkish in ololaha ka dhacay June 24, 1770 oo loo magacaabay dagaal Khiyos. isaga Eagles Awoodaha buuxa wareejiyay Spiridova, kaas oo, inkasta oo aan jeclayn shakhsi, la qiimeeyaa sida Taliyaha khibrad badda. Sida laga soo xigtay markhaatiyaal indhaha ku arkay, Grigory codsatay in this dagaalka cusub ee xeeladaha xilligii dagaalo badda, diraya hormuudkii maraakiibta ay xagal xaq u silsiladda maraakiibta cadowga iyo bilaw weerar masaafo gaaban uu xarunta. go'aan noocan oo kale ah qariyo masuuliyad weyn, taas oo aan ka baqin in ay qaataan Spiridov.

Gregory A. intii uu socday dagaal ay ahayd on doonnidii fuulnay, "Eustace" oo ahaa ayaa qarka u saaran geeri marka ay ku qarxay inta lagu guda jiro hoydo dagaal la flagship ay Turkish "Real-Mustapha". Labada markab tiimbadeen, oo kaliya in ay soo beegay Admiral mahad badbaaday iyo si ammaan ah ka helay on board markabka "Saddex sarayntii". In dagaalka this guusha ahaa dhinaca of raxan Ruushka, sida ka soo horjeeda ku dhow inuu labo jibaaro soo horjeeda.

Fiicnaa saacad Admiral

Laakiin wali si imanayay oo ahaa dagaal ugu weyn, guuleystay Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich. dagaal Chesma dhacay habeenkii of 24 on June 25, 1770, run ahaantii ahaa, saacaddiisii ugu fiican. Taliyaha koox dad ah ee Ruush ah ee Tirinta Orlov, waayo, dhammaan mudnaanta ay la dafiri karin ee halyay ah oo ah hoggaamiye milatari, lahayn waayo-aragnimo dhaqanka dagaalo badda. Oo in kastoo markii dambe ay ahayd inuu galay ammaanta ku guuleystay ee Battle of Chesma, hoggaanka dhabta ah waxa ku jira ayaa la aaminay in Spiridova.

Thanks to ka waddo of raxan ka Turkish uu ku dhow eryay galay Chesma bay oo ahayd meel aad u khasaari naftooda. Sida laga soo xigtay Admiral ah qorshaha, waqti isku mid ah Turkiga hoostiisa dab madaafiicda iyo dab-markab oo u yimid la weeraray - doomo yar yar oo ay ku raran waxyaabaha qarxa iyo ku hogaamiyay dhinaca cadowga, in isku dhac ah oo ay ku qarxin. Kooxdooda, peresevshaya horay doonnida, ayaa waxaa soo xushay maxkamadaha kale.

xeeladahaas ogol yahay Russia dab loogu dhigay iyo dir hoose ee qayb weyn oo ka mid ah maraakiibta Turkish, ka dib markii taas Boqortooyadii Cismaaniyadda muddo dheer laga badiyay awood badda ay. Statistics iyo ratio khasaaro xoog leh gashay in this dagaalka dhinacyada colaad. Waxaa la og yahay in kow iyo toban badmaax oo ka mid ah Russia dhintay, halka tirada dadka dhintey iyo dhaawac ah Turkiga waxa ay ka kow iyo toban kun oo qof. Si fudud u gelin - 1 ee 1000.

ammaanta xaday

Runtii, kanu waa natiijo u gaar ah taariikhda ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale badda dalka dagaalo. Oo isla maalintaas, si wadajir ah ula koox dad ah oo dhan Ruush ku guulaystay in ay taliyaha - Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich. Photo farshaxankiisa by Aivazovsky, ku qoran 1848 iyo gaysteen oo goobta dagaalka halyeeyga, bandhigay dhamaadka this article.

In sharaf of guusha quruxda leh, ama, sida ay u yiri, "Victoria", Catherine II amray in ay u simanahay aniga kaniisad (ay photo ayaa sidoo kale waxaa lagu arki karaa in article) iyo column ah xusuus. Sam Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, kuwaas oo mudnaanta ahaayeen dafiri karin, heshay kaliya Order ee St. Andrew. share libaax ee ka maamuus iyo ammaanu ha u tageen, sida kor ku xusan, ugu cadcad ee Catherine - Tiri Orlov.

Adeegga on Badda Aegean ka

Saddexda sano ee soo socota qaatay degaanka ee Admiral ee jasiiradaha Greek, abuuro saldhig of raxan Ruushka jasiiradda of Paros oo halkaasna gacanta qayb weyn ee isgaarsiinta ee Badda Aegean ka. Waxayna u dhawaadeen inay gabi ahaanba la caabbiyay gudbinta hubka iyo sahayda cuntada ka Greece si Constantinople, iyo sidoo kale xanibaadda ee Dardanelles fuliyo. In 1772 Spiridov la dhaqanka ciidamada dhulka, ka dhigay tiro ka mid ah hawlaha military guul ka dhanka ah Guryahoodu wax Turkish xeebaha, oo gaarey in ololaha uu Masar iyo Suuriya.

geesiyaal illoobi

In 1773, uu u sharrifnay Binii Admiral Spiridov Grigoriy Andreevich, Biography gaaban kaas oo ahaa ku salaysan this article, u soo diray inuu St. Petersburg in uu iska casilay. Wuxuu ahaa lixdan keliya, laakiin in uu warbixin uu ku tilmaamay in ay sii daraysa ee caafimaadka. The diidan sabab dhab ah in ay sii wadaan biographers adeegga rumaysan dembiga guusha ee Battle of Chesma waxaa u sabab ah isaga balse uu jecel yahay ee Catherine II ma aha in - Tiri Orlov, ciidanka intii uu socday dagaal oo keliya ka qayb dadban, laakiin waxa uu galay taariikhda Russia sida ay qof ugu weyn.

Admiral dheelitirka Life qaatay tuulada uu u dhashay ee degmada Highland Pereslavl, halkaas oo uu on April 19, 1790 ku geeriyooday. Uu dhintay ka tegey dareemo Russia, ayaa muddo dheer galay boqortooyada cusub oo loo isticmaalo dhibaatooyin kale. safar ugu danbeysay ee taliyaha la karaameeyey badda arkay off ah dadka yard iyo nin kale - oo saaxiib la ah uu, la mid ah sida isaga, geesiga illoobay oo ka mid ah Battle of Chesma - Admiral Stepan Petrovich Hmetevsky.