St. Lawrence Island: description, goobta, sawiro

jasiiradda of St. Lawrence - territory ah in iska leh Alaska (USA) iyo waxa uu ku yaalaa Strait Bering ah. Waxa uu magacaabay in sharaf of weli ka, ESKIMOSKA ee asal ahaan u bixiyey Sivukak.

meel juquraafi

St. Lawrence Island waxa uu ku yaalaa ee Badweynta Pacific North. Madadaalinta booskiisa ma waxa uu u dhexeeyaa Hore iyo Caalamka New, oo u dhexeeya qaaradood ee Eurasia iyo North America. Intaa waxaa dheer, jasiiradda ahaa ee u laysaan laba badood - the Pacific iyo Arctic, in Badda Bering ah, taas oo ah Badda in yarna ee Badweynta Pacific. Waxay leedahay wadataa 170 °. d. iyo 63 ° c. w. St. Lawrence Island la saaro 231 km koonfur-galbeed magaalada Nome (United States, Alaska) ka. Oo waxa uu ku yaalaa 74 km waqooyi bari ee Chukotka (Russia, Chukotka Peninsula). jasiiradda waa 140 km iyo width ah - 35 km.

dabeecadda

Dhul faqiirsan kala cayncayn ah, wakiil ka ah hills hooseeyo Caraabaah oo sarreeya oo kala duwan. halkan meesha ugu sarreysa - Atuk buurta - in ka badan 670 mitir sare. Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la xuso arrin dabiici ah - polynya joogto ah. polynya wuxuu ku yaalaa xagga koonfureed ee jasiiradda. Waxay iska sameeyay jirta drives bari iyo Dabaysha woqooyi ee barafka ka xeebta badda. Cimilada waa subarctic badda, oo sidaas bayna tahay xaaladaha cimilada oo aad u xun waa jasiirad. Photos of meelaha ay muujinayaan in flora halkan waa mid aad u yar. Dabeecadaha daaqsinka ah zone Dhuldhoobo ah - xoortay low-koraya, safsaf u badan cidhifka woqooyi. Marka la barbardhigo flora waxaa a dubato aad u kala duwan. Tan waxa u sabab u dhow oo ka mid ah hadda xoog keeni xaddi badan oo plankton, iyo kalluunka oo guuro. cunto badan soo jiidata deegaanada of nuujiya iyo Shimbiraha, halkan abuuraya rookeries. Sannad kasta waxa umado ku saabsan 3 million tijaabooyinka, shimbirraha badda. halkan ka Cuna jecel guillemot madow, puffin, guillemot, tridactyl shimbir badeed iyo wewelsiiya.

story

goobta Interesting ma aha la yaab leh, sababtoo ah jasiiradda - waa inta kale ee halkay u dhexeeya labada qaaradood. Haddii kale, waxaad odhan kartaa, "jab yar" buundada dalka. Tani waxay soo jeedinaysaa in ay jiraan hal mar ahaa Earth ee dalka, kaas oo u safra innoo ahaayeen qayb ka mid ah faahfaahin wakhtigii gelida of America.

Jasiiradda la ogaaday by duulaan Ruush uu hogaaminayo sarkaal ciidamada badda Ruushka u dhashay Danish- Vitus Bering. Dhacdadani waxa ay dhacday bishii August 1728, maalin waxaa jirtay iiddii ee St. Lawrence.

dadka

dhibic oo xiiso leh dejinta jasiiradda. Dadka halkan u muuqday oo ku saabsan 2 milyan oo sano ka hor. Kuwaasu waxay ahaayeen ESKIMOSKA ka Alaska iyo Chukotka. Haddaba dadka yuitami loo yaqaan - hoos magaca luqadda, sida Chukchi ah. Markaasaa waxaa taas ma aha mid shil jirin. Afkooda iyo dhaqankooda waa muuqashadii dembigooda cad u afafka dadka Chukotka. dejinta ee jasiiradda nin in muddo taariikhi ah oo innoo oo hore lahaa qof ku meel gaadh ah. Wakhtiyada dejinta iyo ka tago jasiiradda midba midka kale daba socday, iyadoo ku xiran xaaladaha cimilada iyo helitaanka ilaha dhaqaale ee badbaadada. Studies of lafaha aadanaha iyo ilkaha helay jasiiradda tilmaamaya gaajo joogto ah. Big Island waxa loo adeegsaday sida dhulka ugaarsiga ah, oo dhan ka badan si ay u waynaha ee cimilada deji oo lagu gaari karo iyada oo aan caqabado.

dadka Siberian Yupik ku noolaa guryaha ku wareegsan, kala qaybiyaa laba qaybood. qayb diiran guriga - ku nool. Qaybta qabow guriga ahayd meeshii inta badan arrimaha dhaqaalaha sameeyaa. dadka qabatimi xardhay laf bahal bixiyay. Sawirro waxaa qariyey alaabteeda oo dhan jikada. Gaar ahaan, ugaarsadaan marsho iyo hub. dadka Siberian Yupik rumeysan yahay in sawirro xoolaha keeni nasiib wacan ugaadhsaday. Relationships xayawaanka waxaa lagu gartaa aragtida shamanic. Xayawaanka loo isticmaalay sida calaamadaha xayawaankaaga (inta badan waxa uu ahaa oo tuke ah, maroodi badeed, eyga). Iyo xiriirka ay la xoolaha qarka u gaar ah. Sidaas daraaddeed, dilaan nibiriga ugu yeelan karaan oo kaliya ninka uu doortay ruuxa bahalka. Waxa uu si taxadar leh loola dhaqmo sida martida ah. Marka waxaa had iyo jeer waa qof jooga, xoolaha la dagaan, music iyo khafiifa. Waxaas oo dhan waxaa sabab u ah dadka Siberian Yupik aaminsan yahay, sida nibiriga ugu soo laaban doono ka dib.

Wolves iyo nibiriyada badda dilaaga ah ee khuraafaadka iyo sheekooyinka ayaa loo arkaa mid ka mid ah xayawaanka. Summer - nibiriga dilaaga ee xilliga qaboobaha ah - in Yeeyi Cunto a. In gambanaya arimo ay jiilaalka ayay ka caawiyay ugaarsadaha in ay dilaan deerada.

dadka

dadka deggan ee 4000 dadka by dhammaadkii qarnigii 18aad. Waxaa markaas dhacay maratay in 1,000 qof oo la hayo heerka in ilaa maantadan la joogo. 40% dadka ku jira dadka dhallinyarada da'doodu ka yar tahay 20 sano. ah ee Maraykanka Ruush iyo ma waxaa uu la xidhiidhaa hoos u dhac tirada dadka jasiiradda ee. Waxaase dhib waayo, abaartu this, kuwaas oo saddex-meelood laba ka mid ah Inuit ayaa lagu qasbay in uu ka tago jasiiradda. Sawir, si kastaba ha ahaatee, tusayaan inay halkan iyo degsiimooyinka jira. Hadda waxaa jira laba magaalooyinka: Gambell iyo Savoonga. Waxay inta badan deggan ESKIMOSKA ah.

jasiiradaha US

Cidhiidhi The, oo ku yaalla inta u dhaxaysa Eurasia iyo North America, xadka gobolka ee u dhexeeya labada dal - Russia iyo Mareykanka. Sidaa darteed, mid ka mid ah jasiiradaha - Ruushka, ka kale - American ah.

St. Lawrence Island waxaa ku yaalla qaybta waqooyi ee Badda Bering ah, qaybta koonfureed ee Bering Strait ah, koonfur-bari ee Peninsula Chukotka ah iyo galbeed ee Alaska. Near xeebaha Ruush waa jasiiradda of St. Lawrence. Yaa ay tahay? Su'aashani waxa lagaga jawaabi karaa sidan: wuxuu hadda qayb ka mid ah gobolka Maraykanka ee Alaska waa. Waqti ka, isbedel siyaasadeed ayaa saamayn Strait Bering ah, jasiiradaha ay ka mid dalka soo maray in kale, sidaas oo kalena haatan, eegaya map-ka, waa ay fududahay in ku lumaan, waxa gobolka ay ka tirsan tahay.

Taariikh ahaan, jasiiradda this iska leh Mareykanka, inkastoo ay u dhaw in ay Chukotka waa. In Strait Bering ayaa sidoo kale Diomede Island, ay magaca helay oo lagu sharfayo weli la mid ah. Maalinta isaga lagu maamuusayo, ay ayaa laga helay by V. Bering, sida jasiiradda of St. Lawrence. Magaca labaad ee Islands Diomede ah - musbaaritaan Island, sharaf ah oo walaalo ah, markii ugu horeysay ee ay ku Qabanay on map-ka. Big Diomede, oo ku yaalla xagga galbeed, ay leedahay Russia. jasiiradda Kruzenshtern, ku yaal xagga bari, iska Maraykanka. Sidaas darteed, inta u dhaxaysa labada jasiiradood waa dalalka soohdinta. Waxaa ku saabsan sida dib loogu noqdo Strait Bering yahay. Asaastay (koonfur-bari ee Islands Diomede ah), ka tirsan Maraykanka.

awood maamul

Maamul ahaan jasiiradda waa aaga ay Tirakoobka Nome, taas oo, ee jeedo, qayb ka mid ah qaybta kale dhul - Unorganized Borough. Tani waa a unit maamul gaar ah, ee hadda jira ee Alaska. Abuuray meelaha tirada dadka deggan yar, is-abaabulaan suurtogal ma aha, laakiin waxaa loo baahan yahay tirakoobka. Wixii sahlanaato boro unorganized Alaska u qaybsan yahay 11 qaybood, mid ka mid ah kaas oo la sheegay in naanaysta zone. Dadka deegaanka ayaa ku dhowaad si siman u dhexeeya labada magaalo - Gambell iyo Savoonga. tuulada Name Gambell ayaa loo magacaabay ka dib markii macalinka ugu horeysay ee jasiiradda, kuwaas oo qoyska uu dhan ku dhintay duufaan daran ee markabka "Dzheyn Gray" ee 1898. degsiimooyinka kale oo aan halkan. Inkasta oo tartan u dhexeeya magaalooyinka for sarraynta halkaas, magaalada Gambell ilaa 1898 masiibada ahaa cinwaan Sivukak ESKIMOSKA, sida gasiiraddii oo dhan, taas oo weli waxay siinaysaa ahmiyad gaar ah.

The hawlaha deggan jasiiradda

Dadka deegaanka ee jasiiradda ku hawlan kalluumaysiga, kitoboystvom, xardho lafaha. foolmaroodi ah ku xardhay hadda aan la raacio oberezhnym sida la micno ah sida ka hor. Haddaba waxaa qadiin for sale. Sidoo kale, dadka deegaanka ururin berry iyo ukunta shimbiraha badda duurjoogta ah. dhaqashada joogo, laakiin waa hawl cusub, ka dib markii soo dejinta deerada jasiiradda. nibiriyada badda Bowhead halkan miino oo tiro ahaan sida in tuulada Savoonga ah waxaa kaloo loo yaqaan "caasimada nibiriga dunida." Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa marti Festival xuudka sannadlaha ah.

Mararka qaar dalxiisayaal ah ayaa booqday jasiiradda, jiidatay by xabaalo tagay maraakiibta. views muuqaal dabiici ah oo ka mid ah Qalfoofkii dhintay ka mid ah xeebaha adag qabow muujinayaa sawirka.

The jasiiradda iyo Maraykanka

In muddo ah ka 1952 si ay u 1972, qayb ka mid ah jasiiradda dalka ka tirsan millatariga Maraykanka.

Dadka reer jasiiradda ka qeyb galay dagaalkii labaad ee dunida - shaqeeyey in Alaska Ilaalinta Territorial (ATG). In 1947, unit la kala diro. Iyo 1952, Jasiirada ka sii waday in ay ka qayb qaataan difaaca ee jasiiradda abuuray by Ilaalada Qaranka ee Alaska ah. Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa la dhisay saldhigga radar a BBC, kaas oo lahaa xaaladda u xiran yihiin.

Inta lagu jiro sii daridda ah ee khilaafka u dhexeeya ee USSR iyo US ee dhacdada Bering Strait dhacay. 22.06.1955 laba dagaalka ee Soviet hoos u toogtay ah beddelka diyaaradaha sirdoonka Maraykanka. shaqaale oo ka kooban kow iyo toban qof. Sadex ka mid ah ay ku dhaawacmeen duqeyn, iyo afar more dayrta. Dhowro waraaqaha diblomaasiyadeed, kuwaas oo waxaa la ogsoon yahay in dawladda Soviet arkaa dhacdadan si nabad ah, laakiin runta oo dhan ayaa loo sheegay.

Inkastoo diyaarada ahaa gayiga USSR iyo dhicii uu ahaa a, military Ruush toogasho amarka uusan geysan fal kasta dalalka dibadda. Iyo rabitaanka dawladda Soviet soo celiso nus ka mid ah khasaaraha US ahaa hadal ah oo niyadda nabad ah. Gaar ahaan tan iyo markii la caddeeyo in ay jirto rasaas on maalin daruuro, marka qof kasta tegi karin qalad ay sabab u tahay aragti hooseeyo. Dhacdadan ayaa ku soo idlaaday.

Idaacadda Radar, oo ku yaalla dhamaadka kale ee jasiiradda, wuxuu ahaa shayga of Air Force Maraykanka iyo fuliyay aerokontrol iyo ka hortagga waa saldhigga socodka. In deegaanka this qarniyo dhaqan hantiyeen la dhigto qaar ka mid ah qoysaska Inuit. Muddo ka dib xiritaanka idaacadda, caafimaadka sii xumaanaysa loo arkay in dadka. Cancer iyo cudurrada kale ee dadka ku koray ee degaanka, dhacaan inta ugu badan. Waxaa sii ilaa maantadan la joogo, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in Maraykanka uu lahaa barnaamij qaali ah nadiifinta dhulka ee burburinta saldhiga. Durkiya sumoobay PCBs. Monitoring sii.

Markii uu ka tagay dadka military lahaa xaq u leeyahay inuu sameeyo kabxidda ah oo lafihiisa waayo looxyada xardho, taas oo laba "godad badan lafta" ayaa helay tiro aad u badan oo ah gargaarka qarniyo. Markaasaa dadkii waxay la siiyey xaq u leedahay in kalluumaysto iyo nuujiya badda ee meelahan. Qaadashada xuquuqda ka qayb qaatay dadweynaha.