TPP: kelmadaha ma aha khusayso

Malaynayo kasta oo naga mid ah in ka badan hal mar maqlay weedha ah: Kostroma GRES, GRES Zaporizhia, Konakovo GRES iyo wax badan oo ka mid ah magaalooyinka kale iyo magacyada tuulooyinka (iyo xitaa dalalka oo dhan), oo ay la socdaan waraaqaha GRES. Fasiraadda oo ka mid ah warqado (xuruufta), oo muujinaya nooc ka mid ah weedhani waa: Gobolka saldhigga awoodda degmada (GRES). Idaacadda dunida ee ugu horeysay korontada, la odhan jiray "Power Gudbinta", ka dhisay agagaarka Moscow ee 1912 - 1914 sano. Waxa uu horumariyo mashruuca iyo kormeero dhismaha injineer Ruush R.E.Klasson. warshad koronto ayaa shaqeeyeen shidaalka maxaliga ah - ee Peat. Oo wuxuu lahaa awood of 15 MW. Waxay bixisaa korontada baahida sii kordhaysa ee Moscow iyo meelaha ku xeeran.

By dhammaadkii qarnigii labaatanaad, TPP qoraalka dheer lumay "degmada", iyo in 2000 hore iyo qayb ka "ee gobolka", maxaa yeelay, awood Quwadda kaamerada aan u adeegeen aagga, iyo gobolka oo dhan maamulka iyo xitaa dalka oo dhan oo madax banaan. Tusaale ahaan, ku dhowaad dhammaan of Estonia bixiyaan korontada laba warshad awood - Pribaltijskaya (1.654 GW) iyo Estonia - 1.6 GW. In mid ka mid GRES Lithuania (Lithuania - 1.8 GW) sidoo kale waxay bixisaa badan oo dalka ah sidaa darteed wuxuu u baahan yahay awoodda madax banaan. Federation Ruush ayaa ku shaqeeya in ka badan 250 Quwadda kaamerada (saldhigga awoodda inta badan xireenada iyo saldhigga awoodda kaamerada), ku dhowaad dhammaan iyaga ka mid ah waxaa la dhisay xilligii ee Soviet. "State" muddada uu noqday in xaalado badan, gaar ah ama saamiga.

Maanta, GRES ereyga, deciphering taas oo ficil ahaan aan waxtar lahayn, sida la muujiyay hore, erayada "Degmada State" inta badan bedelay dheer sharaxaad ka functional ah "uumiga." Oo kuwaasu - "warshad keenida" (mada). dheer TPP qoraalka The oo beesho macnaha, waxaa loo isticmaalaa by tiiro maskaxda ama caado.

Qaar ka mid ah dhirta, kuwaas oo - saldhigga korontada, ama, more hufan, mada ka mid ah Serov iyo Yekaterinburg gobolka (magaaladii Serov) iyo Ryazan (gobolka Ryazan ee isku magaca, in tuulada Novomichurinsk).

Serov GRES rido hawlgalka 1954 oo uu leeyahay awood a total of 538 MW. Waxaa intaa dheer, kulaylka waxaa loo isticmaalaa si ay awood kaamerada in cadadka 220 Gcal / h. Power Sos'va yaalla meel u dhow webiga kaas oo ay qaadanayso iyo biyo ay hawlgalka. Shiidaalka isticmaalo laba nooc: asaasiga ah - sida dhuxul ka Kazakhstan (Ekibastuzsky pool carbon) iyo Ruush gaaska dabiiciga ah (sida shidaalka raad raac).

Sannadkii 2010, waxaan go'aansannay in aan u cusboonaynta ee GRES Serov ah - in la dhiso kartida xoog cusub 419,5 MW. Cutubkan waxa lagu dari doonaa wareegga, soo saaraha - shirkadda "Siemens" (Germany). Sababo la technology-oolnimada unit wareegga isu geeyey kici doonaa 58% ama in ka badan. Bilow qayb cusub ayaa la qorsheeyay 2014.

Ryazan GRES - warshad keenida awoodda design kaamerada of 3600 MW. Mid ka mid ah dhirta awoodda ugu weyn ee USSR. Its magaca ma aha ee magaalada ee kuugu dhow, iyo in xarunta gobolka. Idaacadda Power wakhtiga Soviet ahaa 2 650 MW iyo kulaylinta siiyey 180 Gcal / h. In times Soofiyeeti, afar cutub oo 300 MW iyo saddex 800 MW waxaa ka mid ahaa in mashruuca dhismaha. afar cutub oo 300 MW oo laba 800 MW la dhisay. Shidaalka loo isticmaalo - dhuxusha Moscow iyo saliidda shidaalka. Her laba shooladaha in dunida oo ay ku jiraan tuubooyinka ultrahigh (ee ay height - 320 m). Later ku daray in ay gaaska shidaalka dabiiciga ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, Idaacadda shaqada ayaa la casriyeeyay (unit marawaxadaha gaaska Jaha la matoor koronto), iyo awoodda kordhay 3200 MW.