Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin Aleksandr Sergeevich: The Story of saaxiibtinimo, shuqullada la barbardhigo

Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin - laba magac weyn ee taariikhda suugaanta Ruush, ee laba Sweden, laba nin weyn. nolosha noocan oo kale ah oo kala duwan, characters kala duwan, iyo sida saaxiibtinimada diiran muddo sanado ah si ay u yimaadaan! Sidee dhow ahaayeen Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin, si kooban u sharaxay ilo badan. Ina keena aynu isku day in aad eegto qoto dheer.

prehistory

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - ku dhashay 1783, wiilkii sharci darrada ah nin oday ah Afanasiya Bunina. Si aad isaga u siiyaan fursad si aad u hesho waxbarasho iyo xaaladda gaar ah ee bulshada, Bunin wiilka bixiyey korsato Sirkaalkii sabool Andrey Zhukovsky. Tani waxay ka dhigtay in ay suurto gal ah si aad u sameysato ilmaha hibada leh ee guri martida u fiican, halkaas oo uu ka bilaabay inuu muujiyo tayadiisa suugaanta.

Shan iyo toban sano ka dib, in 1799, gelin ah ku dhashay masaakiinta laakiin sharaf qoyska sharaf of hanad ka mid ah suugaanta Ruush - Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin. At da'da 13 uu ku qoran ee Selo Tsarskoye Lyceum, halkaas oo dabeecada kala duwan faraxsan, penchant Fasaad iyo Gardarro, Carar sixun in cilmiga xisaabta iyo awood u leh inay abuuraan masterpieces gabay.

yiqiin

At da'da 17, Alexander oo la kulmay Vasiliem Andreevichem, kuwaas oo inta badan uu jidka ugu Tsarskoye Selo, waxay ahayd on shuruudaha saaxiibtinimo ee qoyska Pushkin ah , oo ka qeyb galay salon ugu caansan suugaanta ee caasimada.

Muddadan, Aleksandr Pushkin horay caan ku tahay tiro ka mid ah gabayo, halka Zhukovsky-abuurka waa at its ugu sarreysa: waxay baran doonaan akhriyo waayo fiidkii, si ay u bartaan erayga Aayado gabay iyo turjumaadaha. Vasily waa hore u dhow yahay inuu qoyska reer boqor, iyo isku bedbedeli doono ee wareegyada ugu sareeya.

Waa maxay soo dhawaadaan dadka sida u muuqda kala duwan, Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin, ee da'doodu kala duwan tahay, xaaladda bulsho iyo shaqo? Malaha jacayl ugu horeysay ee suugaanta iyo dareen in qaab gabay. Pushkin akhriyey Zhukovsky, oo iyana waxay ahayd taageere oo gooni loo sooco, oo wuxuu Vasily aysan awoodin in ay si deg deg ah u aragto talantigii gabay ah oo saaxiib dhalinyaro ah oo xun. Oo wuxuu arkay isaga on mustaqbal weyn.

danaha caamka ah

Love suugaanta ka qayb qaatay horumarinta danaha iyo mawduucyo wada hadalka caadiga ah. Pushkin wada jir ah ula Zhukovsky iyo waalidiinta bilaabeen inay ka qayb galaan nool Karamzin Batiushkov iyo qorayaasha kale ee si fiican u yaqaan. Si wadajir ah uu saaxiib ka weyn, oo wuxuu noqday xubin ka mid ah goobada "Arzamas", halkaas oo uu ka bartay gabayada, ku qoray oo la akhrin gabayo, tartanka xirfada suugaanta. xiriirka Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin noqday diiran iyo isku halleeya. Farqiga da'da ee ma hortago saaxiibtinimo this: xigmaddii iyo waayo-aragnimo ka mid ah had iyo jeer waa arrin inta badan ka caawiyay qaboojiyo taarkan ee xunxun ee kale.

kulan hal abuur leh

shaqada Zhukovsky ee ka og nahay in siyaabo badan sababta oo ah sheekooyinka uu. Pushkin qudhiisu tixgeliyo ardayga ah Vasily, maxaa yeelay, waa warkii uu cirfiid ayaa u waxyoonay Alexander dhallinyarada si ay u abuuraan masterpieces iyaga u gaar ah.

In 1831, ka dib markii uu dibad joog ku Mikhailovskoye, Pushkin soo bandhigay saaxiibkiis "sheeko cirfiid a iyo Wadaadka iyo oo nin saanac ahu Balda" iyo dhowr Dakatu kale. Zhukovsky aadka u mahad shaqada oo wuxuu u bixiyey si ay ugu biiraan tartanka maadda ah. Khilaafkan ayaa ka walaacsan u Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin qoro sheekooyinka in style dad. Sidaas daraaddeed waxaa ku jiray caanka ah "SHEEKADII Tsar Saltan iyo wiilkiisii Guidon ..." iyo "The SHEEKADII Princess Dhimatay ..." Pushkin iyo sheeko Zhukovsky "The King Berende" iyo "The Princess Hurdada." Isbarbardhigga of Pushkin iyo Zhukovsky inta lagu jiro xilliga waxay keenaysaa in fikirka ah in Vasily dhaqmayso-style Western (ka dib oo dhan, ku saleysan warkii uu - shuqullada qorayaasha Yurub iyo yabban ay jaceyl ku kaydsan yihiin), iyo Alexander keentaa abuuray oo uu qof si dhab ah Ruush, iyo warkii uu aad u tahay xusuusiyo dadka.

Muddo ka dib, Pushkin keeno maxkamadda ninka xigmadda leh saaxiib gabay "Ruslan iyo Lyudmila". Wuxuu helay jawaab hadiyad - sawirka of V. A. Zhukovskogo la oqoon "Winner of ardayga ka macalinka khasaare ah" ka. At this Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin dhameysan uu xafiiltanka suugaanta.

Waa in la ogaadaa in maansadu "Ruslan iyo Ludmila" dhallinyarada Pushkin qudhiisu ogol parody ah macallinkiisa iyo qaar ka mid ah weedho quruxsan dhamayta, waxa uu ahaa mid aad uga xumahay in sano uu baaluq.

saaxiibtinimo run

ka dib markii All sano ah ay ku kulmeen, oo tan iyo dhimasho of Pushkin Zhukovsky ahaa saaxiibkiis dhalinyaro ah nooc ka mid ah badbaadiye (ama baado?). Dabci is-bedbeddela leh, gaaban cadho iyo si toos ah Alexander mararka galaa dhibaatooyin kala duwan, laakiin kuwa caqliga iyo diblomaasiyadeed Vasily ah aysan awoodin in ay helaan hab ka mid ah xaalad kasta oo isaga u.

Marka in 1820 oo boqor u ahaa gabayo line objectionable iyo epigrams fiiqan Pushkin diyaar u yahay inuu u diro Siberia, Zhukovsky, Karamzin, iyo dadka kale ee saameynta badan u leeyihiin in ay sida qiyaas daran ayaa la bedelay turjumaad wuxuu tegey xagga koonfureed ee dalka. Taas darteed, Alexander guulaysteen, inay ka adeegaan iyo xaaladda bulshada.

Zhukovsky ahayd dhow iyo adag ee 1824, markii muran weyn oo aabbe u ahaa Abwaan hanjabay dhaaranay, iyo tan sii sahlay lahaa inuu mar hore aan booska ugu faa'iidada badan. mar Thanks to xirfadaha diblomaasiyadeed ee Alexander arkay Nicmada boqorkii oo ku soo laabtay bulshada sare.

In 1825, in saameynta uu maxkamadda ee Vasily mahad caawiyey inuu xaq yahay Pushkin, oo lagu soo eedeeyey inuu ku lug lahaa kacdoonkii ee Decembrists ah.

Waxaa Zhukovsky ka mid ah saaxiibada ugu aaminka yar in aan ka tago Pushkin intii uu dibad joog ku Mikhailovskoye. Oo wax kasta oo xaaladaha adag uu ahaa awoodaan si ay u ilaaliyaan ugu yaraan warqad.

Zhukovsky - Pushkin saaxiibkiis, kuwa dhow iyo in sannadihii farxad degganaa, iyo inta lagu jiro musiibada, uma uu dayn in cudur, iyo xataa isaga oo sakaraadaya.

Pushkin of Zhukovsky

Alexander la Wadaajinaysaan saaxiibkiis xigmad leh tan sano lyceum ah. Inkastoo ay tartan aan aad u culus, Pushkin mar walba lagu arkaa Zhukovsky, macallinka iyo mentor. xadhig bir Paradigmatic of mid ka mid ah gabayo,

gabayo uu captivating macaan

Waxay qaadan doontaa qarniyo fog masayr ah ...

"Maydho samaawi ah" - si diiran iyo affectionately yeedhay Alexander saaxiibkiis la jecel yahay, iyo in xarfaha uu inta badan loo isaga oo kaliya sida "malaa'igtii masuulka."

Zhukovsky Pushkin

Marka la eego Vasily in saaxiibkiis dhallinyarada marna ahaa xataa tilmaamo condescension, inkastoo farqiga da'da iyo meel bulshada. Waa ammaan in la yidhaahdo in da'da xiriirka ka door ma - waxaa si dareen dhow ahaayeen laba nin. Zhukovsky aadka u mahad sida tayada qofka of Alexander iyo hadiyad gabay. Weli dugsiga ayuu iska ahaa oo uu ammaantiisa, Waxyoodo ahayn, hage, dhalisay - ilaa, ilaa uu hubiyo in ardayga uu ka sarre maray macalinka.

dhimashada gabayaa ee

1936-1937 sano ahaayeen kuwo aad u adag tahay Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. muuqaalka kore ee Georges d'Anthes, dhaqanka dheel Natalia naagood oo mu'aamaraad bulshada sare, Been iyo epigrams yaraysto hagaajiyaa qoyska Pushkin ah, isku dayayaan in ay difaacaan sharafta naagtii ... Xaaladdu waa kacsan iyadoo maalin kasta marayay.

Waxa uu ahaa cad in hal gool - cadhaysiiyaan Abwaan fududaan in xafiiltanka ah. Waxaa Zhukovsky qancinta badan aaminsiiyey Alexander ma boostada warqad aflagaado ah oo uu col, sababtoo ah markaas xafiiltanka ka jirtay lahaa lama huraan. Waxaa Zhukovsky baryeen si ay u ilaaliyaan miyir iyo in aan la raacayn kaaga dhirfiyeen.

Waxaa Zhukovsky dhigay dhawr maalmood ka dib guri dabaq ah oo ku saabsan Moika Abwaan soo boodo ku dhaawacmeen (dabeecad iyo rabitaan ay u ilaaliyaan naagtii uu jecel yahay isku wada mid wareegay xukunka).

Masiirka ciyaaray kaftan aan naxariis lahayn: V. dhalashadiisa A. Zhukovskogo, January 29, waxay ahayd maalin ka mid ah dhimashada uu aaminka ah oo saaxiib la jecel yahay ...

Vasily waxay ahayd dhimashada aad uga caroodeen ka mid ah uu ardayga iyo saaxiibkiis, iyo tan iyo markaas, wuxuu ogaa ma aha oo kaliya nin weyn, laakiin sidoo kale Abwaan weyn u dhintay.

Iyo dhimashada Abwaan ka dib, sida malaa'igtii ilmaha masuulka ka ah, Zhukovsky mar kale in gargaarka ay horey u dhintay saaxiibkiis, helay amarka in ay dib u wuxuuna keeni gooyo dhammaan xarfaha Pushkin, markii ugu horeysay ee uu horay u caasiyey oo si qarsoodi ah u dhiibay si ay naagtiisii u - Natalia Nikolaevna.

Zhukovsky iyo Pushkin - muuqashadii saaxiibtinimada spiritualized, xidhiidhada, wax garad is-dulsaar, dhisay on danaha caamka ah, jacaylka suugaanta iyo rabitaan ah in uu midba midka kale caawiyo in xaaladaha adag.