Yaa qoray "Master iyo Margarita"? Taariikhda novel ah "The Master iyo Margarita"

In kasta oo sheeko la qoray muddo dheer iyo waa classic ah, iyo weli waa ka dhex jiilka ka yar aad loo jecel yahay. Thanks to manhajka dugsiga ku dhawaad qof walba ogyahay sheeko this iyo mid ka mid ah ku qoray. "The Master iyo Margarita" - sheeko a, abuuray by qoraaga weyn Mihailom Afanasevichem Bulgakovym.

Jalaq u siin novel ah

dadka la taag daran ee la xiriira shaqada this waa wax aan jirin. Dhab ahaantii, akhristayaasha kala qaybsan yihiin laba kooxood: kuwa jecel hindiga oo iyaga jecel, iyo kuwa si fudud u neceb yahay oo ma aqoonsana hanad Bulgakov. Laakiin waxaa jira mid saddexaad, ku, category yar. Si aad u loo saarin karaa, caruurta laga yaabee, kaliya yar. Waxay yihiin kuwa aan maqlay oo ku saabsan sheeko oo uusan garan mayno kii qoraaga waa.

"Master iyo Margarita" - waa mid ka mid ah ugu aan caadi ahayn oo dahsoon tiraab. qorayaasha badan iyo culimada suugaanta isku dayeen in ay xaliyaan halxidhkii uu caan iyo guusha ee akhristaha. Ilaa iyo dhamaadka waxaa ka mid ah mid ka mid ma weli ku guulaysteen.

Aan badan xasuusan karo oo wac shuqulladaada oo kale, kaas ayaa ahbaa lahaa muran aad u badan ku wareegsan. About novel Bulgakov ee, iyagu ma ay joojin ilaa maantadan la joogo. Waxay ka hadlaan qayb sheekada kitaabiga ah, ee prototypes oo ka mid ah jilayaasha ugu waaweyn, xididdada falsafada iyo bilicsanaanta of novel ah, kuwaas oo ku saabsan isku mid ah oo dhan waa qof ugu weyn, iyo xataa nooca ah kuwaas oo waxaa shaqada, waxaa qoran.

The saddex marxaladood oo loo qoro sheeko a, by B. V. Sokolovu

Fikrado ku saabsan taariikhda suugaanta ee qoraal ah ee "The Master iyo Margarita", laakiin sidoo kale ku saabsan nooca shaqada this kala duwan. Tusaale ahaan, Sokolov, author of "Bulgakov Encyclopedia", kala qaybinaya version novel ah saddex marxaladood. Waxa uu sheegay in shaqada on sheyga bilaabay 1928. Ajnabiga, waxay ahayd markaa in qoraaga of novel ah "The Master iyo Margarita" oo uu qorsheeyay, iyo in ay qoraan qaar ka mid ah cutubyada kaliya bilaabay in xilliga qaboobaha 1929. Horeba nuqulka kowaad dhamaystiran loo sameeyey guga ee isla sanadkaas. Laakiin waxaa aan si toos ah u sheegay kuwaas oo ah qoraaga kuwaas oo ku qoray. "Master iyo Margarita" xitaa ka dibna uma ay muuqan sida horyaalka ee shaqada. qoraal gacmeedka ayaa xaq u leedahay "Furibunda" la siiyey publisher "Nedra" hoos magac maldahan u K. Tugay. A siddeed iyo March 1930 waxaa lagu halligay qoraaga. Sayidka dhamaado wajiga hore ee shaqada tifaftirka, sii daayay Boris Vadimovich Sokolov.

Heerka labaad bilaabay dayrta 1936. Oo ninna ma ogaa waqti in novel ah waxaa loogu yeedhi doonaa sida aan hadda u barteen. Fikirka A kala duwan iyo Bulgakov qudhiisa, mid ka mid ah ku qoray. "Master iyo Margarita" - shaqo ah ka author helo magac ka duwan: "Waxa uu u muuqday" iyo "Waxa ay ahayd", "Advent", "Grand Chancellor", "Waa i kan", "saaxir madow", "hat A la baal ah" "la taliye kala jeexna," iyo "shisheeyaha kabo faras", "fiqi Black," iyo xitaa "Shaydaan". Badelin, kaliya hal Cinwaan - ". Fantasy novel"

Ugu dambayntiina, marxaladda saddexaad - qeybtii labaad ee 1936 ilaa dhamaadka 1938. novel First la odhan jiray "Prince mugdiga", laakiin markaas weli ku helay magaca la yaqaan noo. Iyo xagaagii hore, 1938, waxaa la daabacay si buuxda markii ugu horeysay.

Oo wax alla wixii ku dhacay novel sii Sokolov uusan ka fiirsan xafiisyada tifaftirka, oo ku baaqay in sixitaan qoraaga.

Sagaal koob, sida ay Losev

V. I. Losev ka badan labaatan sano ay baareen Biography iyo shaqada Mikhail Bulgakov. Wuxuu qaybiyaa taariikhda qoraalka ah ee sheeko galay sagaal qeybo ka, sida qoraaga qudhiisa.

• Edition First - "saaxir madow". Tani qabyada ah ee sheeko ah, buugga ugu horeysay ee ku qoran 1928-1929. Waxay leedahay ma Master iyo Margarita, oo waxaa jira cutubyada afar kaliya.
• The labaad - "Injineer kala jeexan yahay." Kanu waa buuggii labaad ee sano xunxunna waa la mid. Tani waa in la sii wado, qaybta labaad ee nuqulka kowaad ee shaqada. Waxay leedahay cutubyada saddex keli ah, laakiin ka dibna waxaa uu ahaa fikradda ah mid ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee sheeko - waa qaybta lagu magacaabo "Injiilka Woland."
• The saddexaad - "Evening sabtida cabsi badan." Istimaalka, Dakatu for novel ah, qoraal ah in sanadaha 1929-1931. Waxaa sidoo kale jira saddex cutub. Oo waxyaalahaas ka hor version kama dambaysta ah ee soo gaadhay kaliya kiiska in Griboedov.
• Tan afraad - "Grand Chancellor". Daabacaaddii koowaad dhamaystiran oo qoraal gacmeedka ah. Waxaa hore u muuqday Margarita iyo iyada lover. Taasi kaliya magiciisa ilaa Master iyo Abwaan.
• Fifth - "sheeko Fantasy." Cutubkani waxa uu soo guuriyeen iyo dhammayn ee 1934-1936 sano. Waxaa jira faahfaahin cusub, laakiin ma beddelka muhiim ah.
• Sixth - "Golden waran". Tani waxay keentay in a sinna "Magic Money" qoraal gacmeedka diiqid.
• Toddobaad - "Prince mugdiga." The iyo toban cutub koowaad ee sheeko ah. Jacaylka story Master iyo Margarita halkan ma joogo, iyo wax kasta waa la gooyay oo ku saabsan muuqaalka kore ee ninkii. Oo halkan magaca Berlioz Mirtsevym.
• qayb Sideedaad - "The Master iyo Margarita." Buuxi oo baaluq edition gacmeedka ee 1928-1937 ee. Oo version this la daabacay walaashiis Elena Bulgakova Olga Bokshanskoy.
• Ninth - sida "The Master iyo Margarita." version la soo dhaafay iyo finalka, oo ay ku jiraan oo dhan lagu daro ugu dambeeyay iyo comments Bulgakov. Waxaa la daabacay dhimashada qoraaga Elena Sergeevna, naagtiisii, sanadkii 1966.

sheekooyin Xulashada Belobrovtsevoy iyo Kulyus

Siyaabo badan, ay version la mid tahay Losev in, sidii ay si buuxda u raacsan tahay naqdiga ee version ugu horeysay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, madaxa labaad ee tifatirayaasha waxayna u yeedhaan "Injineer jeexna" ee kabka novel "Nedra" guriga daabacaadda. Waxaa halkan aheyd markii ugu horeysay waxaa jira Master ah, oo magiciisana waxaa weli Fesey. Waxa uu kaalin ee Faust ayaa margaritas lahayn. version saddexaad, sida Belobrovtsevoy iyo Kulyus waa "sheeko Fantasy" qoray Bulgakov ee 1932, halkaas oo Master la bedelay ka Fesi in gabayaa ah oo horay u muuqataa Margarita. Tan afraad, waxay aaminsan yihiin tifaftirayaasha ee 1936, mid ka mid ah in la dhammaystiray markii ugu horeysay erayga "dhamaadka." Next waa sheyga ee 1937 - novel taalo "Prince mugdiga." qoraal gacmeedka A markaas daabacay O. S. Bokshanskoy. Horeba qorayaasha labiska iyada loo arkaa edition toddobaad. Oo siddeedaad iyo intii final - waa in xaq u leeyahay inuu Bulgakov iyo xaaskiisa ka hor inta uu dhintay, oo waxaa lagu daabacay uu dhintay ka dib.

Waxaan ku soo daabacnaa novel ah ee foomka, taas oo aannu iyada u aqoonsanno, markii ugu horeysay ee "Moscow" magazine ee 1966. Shayga isla markiiba noqday caan ah, iyo magaca Bulgakov marnaba bushimaha saffarro uu ka tagay. Markaas, si sax ah, ka mid ma kicisaa su'aasha ah ee waa kii qoraaga shuqullada qoray. "The Master iyo Margarita" - novel ah in sameeyey aragti weyn. Oo isna wuxuu sii haystaa ay sumcad.