Victor Vasnetsov (artist). Life iyo shuqullada rinjiile caanka Ruush ee qarnigii XIX ah

artist Great Vasnetsov Viktor Mihaylovich waxa uu ku dhashay on May 15, 1848 tuulada Lopyal, qoyska Mihaila Vasilevicha Vasnetsova, wadaad. Kale ee iyada wiilkii wadaadka aabbihiis mustaqbalka, iyo sannadaha ugu horreeya ee wiilka dhalinyarada ah agagaarka Vasnetsov adeeca waalidkood iyo ayaa hore ahayd aabbihiis raadkoodii. Laakiin uu qaddar bedeshay ka dib sannado yar. Biography Vasnetsov ku jira bogagga of formation iyo talanti ubaxu of mid ka mid ah ugu caansan ee taariikhda gobolka Ruush.

xertiisii jirin, sida marka la I. V. ku Surikova iyo fannaaniin kale oo caan ah wuxuu lahaa, laakiin xirfadda Viktora Vasnetsova la furay in la raaco wax rinjiile bilaabayso. Iyo fanaaniin yar yar oo isku dayaya in ay bartaan "Vasnetsov" semitone, hadiyad uu sheekooyin Tacaddi, dugsiga ama midabo xiiso leh, ka dhigaysa sayidkiisa muuqaalkii sidaas dhalaalaya.

Siminaaro iyo farshaxanka

In 1858, on adkeysi aabbihiis Vasnetsov dhallinyarada ayaa lagu qeexay in dugsi diinta, halkaas oo uu ka bartay muddo afar sano ah, ka dibna waxbarashadiisa ka sii watay ee fiqi Vyatka ee seminary. Markaas ayuu furay talantigii of rinjiile, iyo artist mustaqbalka bilaabay inuu rinjiyeynta barato N. G.Chernyshova, macallimiinta naxwaha. Markaas nimcada aabbihiis iyo bidix seminary ugu dhaqaaqay School Development Art St. Petersburg, halkaas oo uu ku qoran rinjiyeynta iyo fasalka Ivana Nikolaevicha Kramskogo. Ka dib markii waxbarashada dugsiga hal sano, Vasnetsov lagu wareejiyay ah Academy of Fine Arts, halkaasuuna waxbarashada ee rinjiyeynta.

Waxa uu arday ka shaqeeyaan artist ka muujiyay for dhan si aad u aragto xataa gudahood Academy in ay qiimeeyo sayid aqoonsan yahay ee burushka. Reviews of fanaaniinta qadariyo shaqada rinjiile dhallinyarada Vasnetsov ahaayeen ugu deeqsi ah, dhaleecayn badan ayaa xusay fanaaniinta yar yar sida eray cusub farshaxanka.

Association of Wanderers ah

Ka dib ka qalin ah Academy of Arts in 1873 artist Vasnetsov bilaabay in ay ka qayb bandhigyo Wanderers, abaabulan ee St. Petersburg iyo Moscow. The "Partnership" waxaa ka mid ah fanaaniinta Ruush yaqaan iyo labaatan, iyaga ka mid ah: Kramskoy I. N., Repin I. E., Shishkin I. I., Polenov B. D., Surikov V. I. iyo kuwa kale. Victor Vasnetsov ayaa lagu soo bandhigay in safarka bandhigyo laba farshaxankiisa: "Knight at Crossroads ah" iyo "Alenka".

Kaca oo dhici

Ujeedada Peredvizhnik ahaa yiqiin ah oo ka mid ah dadweynaha kala duwan ee dadka ka tahay Ruush. bandhigyo ayaa meel kasta la qabtaa, in magaalooyinka iyo tuulooyinka, Wanderers horumariyo oo wuxuu u xoogaystay. Ubaxu "Partnership" meel qaaday in sanadaha 1870-1880. hawlaha Later Wanderers waxay bilaabeen inay way libdhi on tiro ka mid ah sababaha Ujeeddada, oo way show ee ugu danbeysay 1922.

Abramtsevo

artist Ruush Vasnetsov galeen "Abramtsevo goobo farshaxanka", by industrialist iyo farshaxanka Sokeeye Savva Mamontov, milkiilaha abaabulay estate Abramtsevo. Waxay diyaarin shir Ranjiilayaasha, sculptors, qorayaasha iyo muusikalayda hoos saqafka guriga a dhawayn Savva Ivanovich iyo ka dib goobada galay xarunta wayn ee dhaqanka Ruush soo jeestay. Ranjiilayaasha in Abramtsevo yimid oo halkaas ku noolaa muddo bilo ah, abuurista farshaxankiisa ay dhiman gaar ah. Victor Vasnetsov ayaa sidoo kale booqasho joogto ah, ayuu waxaa uu ku dhiiraday by dabeecadda Sucuudiga oo ka mid ah agagaarka ilaaliyo, qiimaha dhaqanka Ruush, beeraha, kaymaha iyo dadka miyiga sida qayb muhiim ah oo muuqaal ah.

Academy of Arts

In 1893 artist Vasnetsov tegey Academy of Fine Arts iyo, markii uu ahaa xubin ka mid ah Academy ah, sii hawl badan dhala oo duurka ku ah dib u dhiska dhaqanka Ruush. Dhaqdhaqaaqa kacaan horrantii qarnigii labaatanaad saameeyeen artist weyn. ma Vasnetsov aan si toos ah ka qayb-galo hawlaha ka mid ah "Midowga Shacabka Ruush," ururka pravomonarhicheskoy, laakiin si dadban ay taageerayaan Boqol dhaqdhaqaaqa Black iyo xataa maalgaliyo publications qaar ka mid ah, sida "kitaabkii murug Ruush." In 1912 artist la soo saarin in dadkii ku abtirsan ee Empire Ruush ah. Oo isna wuxuu u noqday xubin firfircoon oo ka mid ah "Society of nooleynta of Russia" ee 1915, kaas oo isku keenay fanaaniin badan waqtiga.

kala duwan oo ka mid ah hal abuur leh

shaqada artist Vasnetsov waa Hababka kala duwan, taas oo aan la yiri kartaa Ranjiilayaasha kale Ruush. Wuxuu u abuuray Eebe farshaxankiisa isticmaalaya noocyo horjeeda, mararka qaarkood in aynan kasta oo kale. Farshaxankiisa nooca guriga la characters dhabta ah ayaa la bedelay farshaxankiisa of sheekooyinka. Oo weliba, sida dun guduudan yahay mudada dhan hal abuur leh ee artist waa soo gudubtaa mawduucyada Epic-taariikheed. Waxaa uu masterpieces ugu weyn ee la abuuray ee ku sifayn this Vasnetsov: "Heroes" (1898), "King Ivan Xun ah" (1897), "Ivan Tsarevich on Wolf ku Gray" (1889), "Alenka" (1881) , "Knight laysaan" (1882), "ka dib markii ay Battle of Igorya Svyatoslavovicha la Polovtsy" (1880).

kaniisadda theme

Habeeynimadii ee qarnigii labaatanaad, artist Vasnetsov, "Heroes" kaas oo, ku qoran 1998, waxay noqotay summad, waxaa loola jeedaa theme diini ah. Waxa uu midabeeyo pictures of Vladimir Cathedral ee Kiev iyo Church loosoo ee St. Petersburg, oo loo yaqaan Cathedral ee "Our Badbaadiyeheenna on Dhiig ah" on Canal Griboyedov ah. Later, artist ka qayb qaatay rinjiyeynta gudaha macbudka Aleksandra Nevskogo, oo ku yaalla caasimadda ah ee Bulgaria, Sofia. Oo Church Moscow ee dhalatay ee Presnya Vasnetsov abuuray Dakatu of saqafka iyo derbiga farshaxanka.

artist Civic

artist Vasnetsov ee 1917, wareegay Tacaddi dad Ruush, farshaxankiisa ekayd "dagaallama Dobryni Nikiticha la abeesadii toddoba madax Gorynych" qoran 1918, iyo "Bag of Lafaha" in 1926 ay ahayd shaqo ee ugu danbeysay ee artist weyn.

Intaa waxaa dheer in ay canvases cajiib Vasnetsov abuuray tiro ka mid ah mashaariicda dhismaha iyo taariikheed:

• dubaan, waxaa la dhisay Abramtsevo kaniisadda "Quduuska ah oo Badbaadiyeheenna ah" by Dakatu Vasnetsov ayaa si wadajir ah ula artist ah VD Polenov iyo PM dhise Samarin (1882)
• In Abramtsevo waxaa la dhisay "Hut on Lugaha Chicken", gazebos on yabban ekayd (1883kii)
• Taalladaas Project Yuri Nikolaevich Govorukha-Addoonkiisa, qoraaga Ruush, baroorta (1896) ee necropolis of keniisad Moscow ee.
• taambuuggiisa Ruush for World Paris ee Exhibition in 1898.
• guri nagaadi Project IE Tsvetkova, wada jir ah ula naqshadeeyaha ugu xoreynta Shnaubertom ee Moscow on biyaha hortooda Prechistenskaya.
• Qorshaynta mashruuca galo kan ugu weyn Tretyakov Gallery ah, iyadoo ka qaybgalka naqshadeeyaha ugu VN Bashkirov ee Moscow Lavroushinsky Lane (1901).
• munaaradaha Project kala guurka ee Chamber maqsinka hubka ee Great Kremlin Palace ee Moscow (1901).
• cross Memorial wax kala bixiya meesha dhimashada of Prince Velikogo Sergeya Aleksandrovicha ee Moscow (1908), kaas oo la burburiyey iyo ka dib dhisay by sculptor ku NV Orlov, ka dibna u dhaqaaqay keniisad Novospassky ah.
• dhagaxa VA Gringmut xaq garabka tirada dadweynaha, ee Moscow, ee necropolis of keniisad ee murug (1908).
• Cathedral ee St. Alexander Nevsky in Miusskaya Square ee Moscow, si wadajir ah ula dhise A. ah Pomerantsev (1911).
• Mashruuca farshaxanka ee tigidh ah, u abuuray in lacag si ay u caawiyaan dhibanayaasha dagaalka (1914).

philately

artist Vasnetsov iyo shaqo waqti ay si fiican ku matalayay philately ee USSR ah:

• tigidh "Tretyakov Gallery" by AS Pomansky sii daayay 1950. stamp The gaysteen oo tolnimo ugu weyn ee Tretyakov Gallery ah, ka dhigay in 1906, oo ku salaysan Dakatu by Viktor Vasnetsov.
• taxane ah stamps boostada ka go'an in ay sanad guurada 25aad ee dhimashada, rinjiile Vasnetsov ah qoraaga - artist II Dubasov, 1951.
• tigidh la image ee VM Vasnetsov on sawirka artist Ivan Kramskoi ", lagu daabacay 1952 in ITC ah" brand "hoos # 1649.
• Boostada stamp "Heroes" (rinjiyeynta a by Vasnetsov 1881-1898 sannad xisaabeedka) ITC "Mark" # 1650.
• tigidh "Knight at Crossroads ah" (1882), la sii daayay 1968, iyo design fanaaniinta A.Ryazantseva G.Komleva, ITC "brand", №3705.
• -guuradii 150aad ee dhalashada Vasnetsov la xusay in la sii daayo Ruush ah stamp labanlaab la kuuban.

Maxaa yeelay, dhammaan nolosha hal abuurka leh ee artist weyn uu ku qoran dhowr darsin canvases. 24 farshaxankiisa ee artist ee Vasnetsov galay fund ee dahab ah ee farshaxanka Ruush:

• 1871 - "Gravedigger".
• 1876 - ". From aqalka aqalka"
• 1878 - "Knight at Crossroads ah."
• 1879 - "Xulasho".
• 1880 - "Ka dib markii ay Battle of Igorya Svyatoslavovicha la Polovtsy".
• 1880 - "balli Alenushkiny."
• 1880 - "Magic kaarbadka".
• 1881 - "Alenka".
• 1881 - "Saddex amiirad of She'ool."
• 1887 - "Warriors ee apocalypse."
• 1889 - "Ivan Tsarevich on Wolf Gray ah."
• 1890 - "The Baabtiisku of rus '.
• 1897 - "Humayun".
• 1897 - "The Ivan Tsar Xun ee."
• 1898 - "Heroes".
• 1899 - "Guslar".
• 1899 - "The xaasnimada Snow".
• 1899 - "Kulanka waxaa la saaxir Oleg."
• 1904 - "The Qiyaame hore".
• 1914 - "Ilya Muromets".
• 1914 - "The xafiiltanka Peresvet la Chelubey".
• 1918 - "The rihii Princess".
• 1918 - "dagaallama Dobryni Nikiticha la abeesadii toddoba madax Gorynych".
• 1926 - "Bag of Lafaha".