Farshaxanka iyo madadaalada, Tahay
Zlatoust xardho steel: technology, taariikhda
Chrysostom - magaalo yar oo gobolka Chabrovsk ku nool ee ka yar laba boqol oo kun oo qof. Waxa si fiican loo yaqaan in farshaxanka hubka, taariikhyahanadu farshaxanka iyo kuwa aruuriya ee hub af-dalal badan oo caalamka ah. Nasaha magaalada keenay xardho steel khafiif ah iyo xarrago leh midab, daahan waxyaabaha biraha of tayo wanaagsan leh. Kings, CPSU Xoghayaha Guud iyo Madaxweynaha Ruushka sida qiimaha weyn u saaxiibadood shisheeye taswiiran badeecada sayid Ural.
xaradhka Zlatoust soo jiidaan hub af leh iyo waxyaabaha kale oo Alaabeynta guriga iyo qalabka - sanduuqyada, kiisaska sigaarka, qalab wax lagu qoro, inta badan xardho loo isticmaalo soo saaridda ee alaabta diinta - chalices, iyo laambadihii, iyo monstrances mushaarka walxood. Bilado, koobab sports - sidoo kale midhaha shaqada ee engravers.
hubka dhalisay sida arrin of haybad
Chrysostom - magaalada halkaas oo ay u ogaadaan wax badan oo ku saabsan jirridda.
hubka dhalisay waxaa loogu talagalay si ay u gutaan laba hawlaha.
First - yareeyo isticmaalka ay ujeedada looga danleeyahay. Taas macnaheedu waa in biraha waa in si fudud tochitsya iyo sida caadiga ah muddo dheer hayn macaamiloon, noqon adkeysi, xoog, dhexdhexaad ah dabacsan, oo aan miridhku. Taabta oo galkeeda - article gaar ah. hubka ugu wanaagsan ee shaybaarka xamili uu leeyahay fekrado ah, ku cel-dhismeedka jidh gacanta, iyo waa sida wax dheeraad ah oo dabiici ah oo gacanta. Galkeeda, siday u kala horreeyaan, - in la sii wado jirridda. Si habboon loogu talagalay iyo toogasho, iyagu ma ay cuslaataan dharka, aan aad u culus, aan aad u dhagan oo aan dhaco. Oo dhererkeeda, qaabka, gacnta, saxan oo dhumucdiisuna - oogay oo dhan.
Shirka labaad ee - sharafta. Laga soo bilaabo sida ay u eg daab ah, ka dhigay inuu xukumo sharafta qofkii lahaa. Sababtan awgeed, taabta oo galkeeda for abtirsan qurxiyey dhagaxyo qaali ah, iyo dahab coinage lacag ah, sawiro iyo fariimihii.
mindiyo Zlatoust maanta, sida abid, ka hor tago oo dhan looga baahan yahay calanka. Dirk premium caanka weli isweydaarsiga yar ee magaalada Ural.
daab Production Zlatoustovsky
In saaridda wixii tahay wax jira dhammaan tallaabooyinka lagama maarmaanka ah. No marka laga reebo iyo Zlatoust xardho steel. technology-soo-saarka dheecaan ma aha. In maktabadaha, waxaad ka heli kartaa Hanuuniyaa in wax walba. Daawooyinka of Alloys biraha, ee acids ee Iagu formula iyo varnishes sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa. Art daabacayaa farshaxanka waxaa wax lagu baraa laan Zlatoust of State Ural Jaamacadda. Tan iyo 1996, qof kasta oo u geli karaa qaaska ah "Technology of processing tahay qalabka." Ayuu
Laakiin tahay sare dhabta ah - waxa kaliya farsamo aan. Ma wiigaas laakiin qayb yar oo ka Masters ku galaan matxafyada iyo hesho abaalmarinta ee tartamada oo dunida. Chrysostom noqon kartaa faano.
Matxafka UK iyo Germany ku faraxsanahay ururinta alaabta birta ah, kaas oo abuuray sayidkooda Zlatoust. Waa maxay qarsoon oo caan ah? Xaqiiqada ah in engravers degaanka xariif oo dhan farsamooyinka la biraha ka shaqeeya, iyo dabagalka iyo gool, iyo Browning iyo blackening, iyo pickling, iyo electroplating, iyo taushirovanie. Waayo, wakhtigu waa qaar ka mid ah hadda ku daray oo dhagaxa, sababta oo ah dhagaxyo Ural laga helo gudaha aad u qurux badan. dejiyo xardho Ghadafi dhagax, dhigtay dhadhan wanaagsan iyo sida ay dhaqan duug ah, had iyo jeer yihiin in baahida loo qabo. Intaa waxaa dheer, taariikhda xardho - waa sheeko ee foomka farshaxanka si joogto ah guuxayay. Tan iyo markii waagu waqtiga xaadirka ah ee sayid Ural marnaba joogsan si ay u bartaan. farsamooyinka qasacadii of processing biraha farshaxanka iyo sii wadaan in ay koraan maanta.
ah ee kalluumaysiga ah
In 1754, in Urals ah, oo ku tiil dooxadii webiga Aacii, Sare xukuman oo Imperial Weynaha amray warshad ironworks prostroen. Magaalada, taas oo u dhow koray, loo magacaabay in sharaf of St. Ioanna Zlatousta.
Si aad u abaabuli-soo-saarka ee 1815 ka Germany, warshad Solingen ah, oo la marti qaaday engravers wanaagsan - aabbihiis iyo ina Schaff, iyo saddex sano ka dib Emperor ahaa awoodaan si ay u arkaan midhaha shaqadooda - Dufcaddii ugu horeysay ee sagaal iyo garbaha waxaa la keenay caasimada. Shaqooyinka jeclaa oo helay ogolaanshaha ugu sareeya.
Wada jir ah ula Shafami iyo hoos hanuunkooda, addoonsada saarka sayid Ural tayo cusub. magacyadooda sii taariikhda sida magacyada aasaasayaasha style of farshaxanka loo yaqaan xardho steel midabka. Waxaa Efim iyo Ivan Bushuyeva Maxim Fedor iyo Peter Telezhnikov, moofo Arkhip Fodor Strizhev, Ivan Boyarshinov iyo kuwa kale.
Schaff - dhaggan oo ka mid ah dhaqanka Jarmal jir. Waxay si adag oga sida ay u eegi xardho kaamil ah. Description of shuruudaha heerka qaatay lahaa in ka badan hal bog. Ugu yaraan, sawirka waa in ay eegaan sida sayid tusaalooyinka fiican zolingenskih - noqon khafiif ah, guri iyo monochrome. waqti dheer Schaff uma ay oggolaan degaanka codsan fikradahooda dhaqan. nidaamyada The on saxan bir Jarmalka xoqo irbad. acid Iagu ayaa waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo kaliya sida tallaabo processing final. alaabtii Jarmal waxaa lagu gartaa engegnaantiinna sare iyo fineness. Tirokoobyada helay aad u yar oo ku hasya. Maadooyinka ka mid degree ama celiyaan kale.
Jarmalka ku noolaa go'doomin tuulada oo ma uu doonin in ay xirto xiriir la maxalliga ah. Waxay ganaax shaqeeyay, waxay ahaayeen saaxiibtinimo, laakiin shaqada ka ilaalinayeen meel fog oo aad u diidan in ay nala wadaagaan cilmigooda.
Zlatoust xardho of time in si fudud la garan waayo qoray. Barbaro kaalinta on the galkeeda iyo hilt. Khadadku waa khafiif ah, xarrago leh, sawir wanaagsan, wax badan oo xoogga la barbaro faahfaahinta.
style Gaar ahaan Ruush
Xertii waxay ku, marka laga reebo kuwa tirooyinka kuwa ka barteen Schaffs, waxay bilaabeen inay u muujinayaa Muuqaallo uga noqdeen nolosha military oo nabad ah dalkiisa, maadooyinka mythological - kamana cabsadaan si ay u muujiyaan male marka aad dooranayso technology gravornoy. dabeecadda Native iyo dubato of Urals waxaa sidoo kale soo bixitaankii sawirayaan. sayid Ruush dhaafay macalimiinta ay siyaabo badan. Waxay barteen in ay isticmaalaan Iagu in ay soo saaraan midabo iyo midabo kala duwan. By kala duwan ka kooban ee acid iyo muddada uu cadaanyo kiimikada ah, waxay gaareen natiijooyin la taaban karo. In gacmahooda, mindiyo Zlatoust galay shuqullada gaarka ah ee farshaxanka wanaagsan, taas oo aan ka xishoon inuu keeno hadiyad, xataa boqorrada jeestay.
Ivanko-Samara
ah ee style u gaar ah farshaxanka inta badan la xidhiidha magaca Ivana Bushueva. Kor buu u koray in qoys ka kooban gunsmiths. Wuxuu bartay rinjiyeynta ee dalka ka. In Urals ah, ayaa muddo dheer ku hawlan steelmaking. On the dhirta Demidov dhalaaliyaa ore, la kariyey isaga u gaar ah steel Dimishaq, oo sameeyey hub dagaal. By waqtiga dhicitaanka of xeerkii geedka Zlatoust ee la biraha ka shaqeeya ayaa si fiican u sameeyey. Ivan Bushuyev - magaca ugu caansan Zlatoust. Waxa uu ahaa cajiib ah oo tayo leh oo ay adag tahay shaqada. Ural sayidkiisii ku xiran aqoonta iyo xirfadaha bartay by walaalahooda la Jarmal xardho cayn. Wuxuu ahaa hanad ah oo ku saabsan qayb ka mid ah decoration ah. Xaggiisa waxba iigama taraysaan garbaha iyo saaray on sawiro ay. shuqulladiisa haayo maqsinka hubka ee Kremlin Moscow ee. Paul Bazhov derdertay magaca sayidkii ee Qisada "Ivanko-Samara". Oo faraskii caanka caynkiisa, calaamad u ah Chrysostom - baad ah iyo ixtiraam.
Ivan Bushuyev lahaa dareen aad u wanaagsan ka mid ah saamiga, dhammaataan ekeeyey. Caadadiisu gabi ahaanba waa la garan karo. characters Bushuevskie aan ahayn ma guurto ah, sida Jarmalka. Its dadka, xoolaha - nolosha dhaqdhaqaaqa. Waa lahayn astaanta shil Chrysostom - si degdeg ah guuxa dabaysha faras baalal leh oo dahab ah. xaradhka The Ivan Bushueva inta badan fardo la joogo. wareeg ee madaxa, booska uu ka jidhka, lugaha, iyo badhidii, dhegaha, xitaa ay fududahay in la ogaado waxa uu dareensan yahay xayawaanka, waxaa lagu sawiray by artist ah. sow malaa'ig keentay gacanta odaygii markii uu ahaa haya irbad xoqo VARNISH?
gilding ololaysa
abuurista daabacayaa Ivan Bushuyev tudhay innaba mar mana dadaal. xitaa wuxuu abuurtay uu hab u gaar ah ee alaabta dahabka dahab.
Master ogaa technology iyo ogaadaan sida loo sameeyo garbaha ku marxaladaha oo dhan, laga bilaabo kala ore. Waxa uu hogaaminayo farsamada barafku fineness, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay Abuuran Biraha ah, isku ururiso iyo varnishes for anmbarka isku dar ah, laakiin ugu jeclaa daabacayaa tahay Ivan. Waxa uu abuurtay sheekooyinka, iyaga ku soo jiiday on warqad, ka dibna hoos u dhigay size la doonayo, saxan cunto karinta iyo saaray iyada sawirka. Diyaarinta wax soo saarka si ay u xardho ahaa nadiifinayo taxaddar iyo varnishing. Markaas ah oo saliid-Dhuxul ama galkeeda mindi dahaarka leh kula lakabka ah ee danbas. wax dheeraad ah demisay in arima ku ah, oo soo dhaansatay: sawir uuraysatay. Haddii wax walba si fiican u soo baxay, oo sheekada ku haboon meesha bannaan ee cidhiidhi ah ee alaabta, waxa suurto gal ahayd in la bilaabo qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee shaqada. Burburka dusha zachernonnuyu hannaankii sayidkiisa xoqo irbad, ay ka saareen xamuurada in ay biraha. Ka dib markii in u kala diray dahab mercury iyo ku riday a kiish suede yar. wax Engravable la kululeeyo si heer kulka ah mid aad u sarreeya oo dusha cas-kulul of this kiish tubaakada kexeeyey. Mercury ka baxa iyo dahab dareere dhisnayd in ay biraha. daab The qaboojiyey ama galkeeda Bushuyev nadiifiyaa ka soo xamuurada. Howlgalkan waxuu sidoo kale waa u fududahay. waxa la yidhaahdaa waa Iagu. Iyada oo ku xidhan kooban acid on biraha ku hadhay cado midab ka duwan yahay biraha salka.
uumiga Mercury sii daayay inta lagu guda jiro kulaylinta, waa mid aad u waxyeello ku yahay caafimaadka. waxaa dhowr ah engravers oo dahab ah kulul kor ku nool in afartan sannadood. Ivan Bushuyev ku dhintay 1835. Waxa uu ahaa 37.
shuqullada caan
sayid Zlatoust shuqullada dan weyn ma aha oo kaliya marka la eego tahay, laakiin sidoo kale sida celisa dokumentiyadii taariikhiga ahaa. Waxay ka badbaaday laba garbaha sameeyey saddexdii bilood ee hore ee qarnigii 19aad. Way Dhagreen Dhagar farshaxankiisa Ghadafi iyagoo muujinayay in ay heer ee foosha ka hor muuqaalka kore ee mawduuca. macdanta Tani ore dikhaw biraha iyo shubay in caaryada ah iyo guul darooyin kala, iyo xardho, iyo gaarsiinta boqorka, iyo soo bandhigidda ee geesiga. garbaha ayaa aad u la mid ah midba midka kale waa. Waxaa iska cad in ay la sameeyey sayidyadooda ka mid ah dugsiga, laakiin mid ka mid ah aannu u aragno ilmaha cherubic, oo kale - dadka waaweyn ee caadiga ah. Old Zlatoust xardho - qaraami ah, kaas oo lagu qiimeeyo mid aad u qaali ah, gaar ahaan marka aad u aragto in waqtiga sayidkii waxaa si firfircoon ula dahab, iyo lacag iyo dhagaxyo qaali ah ka shaqeeya. Waayo, baahida qoyska reer boqor ee siminaaro geedka Zlatoust si joogto ah amar ku bixiyay in noocyo kala duwan oo alaabta, hub ma aha oo kaliya. Grand Duke Alexander, kii dhaxalka lahaa carshiga Ruush, Ivan Bushuyev la koox ka mid ah asxaabta ka dhigay hubka u sida Dr Makumbe. item Tani waxay gaar ah loo arki karaa in mid ka mid ah hoolalka of museum ee aamminsan yihiin degaanka Chrysostom.
Pavel Petrovich Anosov
Xardho Chrysostom sida farsamada dad Ruush qaran, ku leedahay waxyaalo badan oo hawlaha Pavla Petrovicha Anosova. Ninkan ayaa saameyn aad u weyn ma aha oo kaliya on horumarinta iyo kor u qaadida fanka u gaar ah, laakiin sidoo kale ku saabsan horumarinta warshadaha macdanta ee Urals ah. dad tayo leh ka soo jeedaa qoys saboolka ah ee nolosha ayaa hawsheeda u gaar ah iyo talanti, oo aan isxigaan saameynta iyo bacdi.
Pavel Anosov hore agoonta, iyo awoowe qaaday ku saabsan waxbarashada, taas oo u adeegi jireen sida makaanik ee warshadaha Izhevsk oo Votkinsk. Taasi waa sababta, isagoo waxbarasho wanaagsan ka helay arday St. Petersburg ee Corps, Pavel Petrovich u tageen inay Degmada Macdanta Zlatoust ah. Waxa uu u baxay sannadkii 22-th. Laga bilaabo xafiiska ugu qiimo lahayn, marayaan dhammaan marxaladaha sallaan mustaqbalkiisa, Anosov gaadhay post ee Chief of dhirta buurta taliyaha gobolka Altai iyo Tomsk ah. Waxa uu ku dhintay da'da 54 dhinaca darajadana ku taliyaha of Tomsk. Inta lagu jiro ay nolosha ma aad u dheer, waxa uu ahaa ka kicin karo iyo horumarinta ee birta iyo ganacsiga birta ah ee dhulka ku Aaminto isaga. Waxa uu ahaa Injineer macdanta iyo farmashiyaha, bartay nooca Urals iyo daahfurtay in sameeyey badan oo ku saabsan meesha uu kayd macdanta dhulka hoostiisa.
In 1828, Pavel Petrovich Anosov, hore u ahaa madaxa qodniinka- Zlatoust ee Plant, ayaa helay amar Wasaaradda Macdanta si loo horumariyo steel oo ka mid ah sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan waa ineysan u wanaagsan ee loo yaqaan waqtiga Dimishaq iyo Bulat. Hawsha Arhitrudnaya, maxaa yeelay, waxay qarsan gunsmiths bariga cibaado la ilaashaa, qarniyo badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib cilmi baaris fara badan iyo tijaabo, Paul Petrovich iyo asxaabtii uu ka helay caanaha daawaha aad u guulaystay oo la sii ammaanay warshadda, iyo waqti isku mid ah oo dhan ee Russia. Ruush Bulat Anosova u tageen inay wax soo saarka ee mindiyo.
Laga soo bilaabo waxa sameeyey Paul Petrovich, waxaan ugu yeeran kartaa arrimahan soo socda, waxa sifeeyay qof cajiib ah iyo milkiilaha wanaagsan.
- Anosov dhigay ganaax ku gilding mercury, sababtoo ah waa mid aad u waxyeello ku yahay caafimaadka, iyo u bedelay electroplated.
- Wuxuu loogu talagalay mishiinada si loo fududeeyo shaqada ee shaqaalaha.
- Intii uu hoggaanka shaqaynta warshad Zlatoust sanadkiiba bixisaa laba cisho oo fasax lacag leh - mid ka mid labaad ka hor Easter iyo xagaaga, inta lagu guda jiro xilli beergooyska.
- Pavel Petrovich sameeyey dugsiyada carruurta shaqaalaha furitaanka. Wuxuu faa'iidooyinka aasaasay wiilasha ka yar 12 iyo gabdhaha - 18.
- On uu initiative, shaqada on daraasadda of sifooyinka biraha noqday sameeyey habsami ah, la duubay oo ka mid ah natiijooyinka cilmi-baarista iyo tijaabo. oo isaga ka horreeyey, wax soo saarka ee biraha for seefo ahaa arrin dareen oo ka sayidkiisa maray in ay afka u yaqaaniin. Paul qudhiisu Anosov qoray oo daabacay faa'iidooyinka dhowr ka mid ah macdanta, oo ay ku jiraan Adkaan biraha bir iyo wax soo saarka ee steel Dimishaq.
Bulat wanaagsan tahay oo kale oo aadan ka liita heerka adduunka ugu fiican. Toorreeyo shaqaalaha dalooliyo iyo jarida hubka, faasas, toorreeyo iyo ugaarsadaan mindiyo ka ayaa weli ku jira maadooyinka farshaxanka sare. Qiimahooda qaraami ka badan boqolaal kun oo rubles. Moire faafi Dimishaq u qurux badan sida biraha qaali ah. fanaaniinta Anosova ma xitaa ka sameeyaan si farshaxankiisa ku, kaliya meel u dhow saldhigga ah. sharraxdid Ghadafi badan codsatay ku riixo iyo galkeeda.
In 1847 wuxuu ku dhamaaday xilligii of P. P. Anosova. Oo wuxuu u kacay St. Petersburg la ururinta ah toorreeyo, ugaarsadaan mindiyo, sanduuqyada, cuno la gacanka dejiyo oo dhagaxyo semi-qaali ah oo ka mid ah Urals, muraayadaha iyo baakidh. Pavel Petrovich la filayaa inuu waxyaalahan, iyo saraakiil sar sare ay muujiyaan si ay u helaan ogolaansho in ay ballaariso wax soo saarka, laakiin wadada ku jiray duufaan baraf ah. baabuur soo giringiriyey ka badan, oo saaxiib la burburiyo sanduuqyada culus oo daboolay baraf. Waxay ku nagaadeen dhowr maalmood at naxariista waxyaalaha aan naxariis lahayn la aan rajo lahayn badbaadada. Sidaas darteed, Anosov si xun u xanuunsan. Waxa uu ahaa awoodin inuu ka soo kabsado oo ku dhintay guga ee 1851.
Pavel Matveyevich Obukhov
Ku dhawaad 15 sano Zlatoust dhirta ku hadhay oo aan maamul wanaag. In bartamihii 60-to post ee tababare u magacaabay Paul Matveyevich Obukhov. Waxa uu u suurtagashay in ay shirkadda ka soo bixinayo dalka dhibaatada. Pavel Matveevich ahaa qoys ee macdan qodayaasha. Waxa uu helay waxbarashada injineernimada ah ee St. Petersburg Macdanta machadka, wuxuu ka kaas oo ka qalin la biladda dahabka ah, ka dibna u tababaran ee Germany iyo Belgium, iyadoo ay sabab u Tababaraha xirfadaha wanaagsan helay iyo qabanqaabiyaha. In Zlatoust, wuxuu dib u bilaabay habka wax soo saarka keentay in amarka ka tagay Anosov dhaxalka cilmiyeed balaaran oo sii tijaabo uu bilaabay on dawooyinka. Pavlu Matveevichu waxaa lagu tiriyaa la abuuro of steel kabka. Waxaa bedelay madfac naxaasta ahayd, iyo hadda Zlatoust qodniinka- Plant uu noqday alaab-badan oo hubka - qori iyo qoryaha.
seminaaro Art ayaa sidoo kale ma aan waxtar lahayn. Haddii Anosov sannadihii la soo dhaafay, inta badan soo saaray iyo garbaha steel barkimaheeda, Obukhov iyo balaariyay amar ay hub ku dar tiro balaadhan oo ah alaabta guriga - sanduuqyada, kiisaska sigaarka, baakidh, lagu cuno. By habka, Pavel Matveyevich Obukhov aaminay in uu daryeel by ganacsi ee ma aha oo kaliya ogaaday fikrado iyaga u gaar ah, waayo, horumar, laakiin sidoo kale oo la fuliyay fikradaha Pavla Petrovicha Anosova, dhawrayay diiwaanka.
Muddada Soviet
Ka dib markii 1917, dhirta Zlatoust ka sii waday in ay ku shaqeeyaan. Haddaba steel qabow bilaabay in ay qurxiyaan ah goobaha kacaan iyo sawirrada ka mid ah madaxda xisbiga shuuciga ah. Dhig classicism ka safeeyey qaaday casriga xunxunna. xoogga bilaabeen inay arrinta wax soo saarka mass. I ayaa laga hirgaliyey setkografii hab. style Qoraaga ayaa u dhowaadeen inay simbiriirixdaan. Midab xardho ayaa koray ee size iyo darfaha jeestay. alaabta birta Zlatoust saanacyadii in ay qurxiyaan derbiyada hay'adaha dawladda. New for dhigaalka ah galvanic of technology nickel ayaa la bedelay ka baxsan xardho aqoonsi Zlatoust. Tirokoobyada noqon yar oo cad, oo xoogga badan oo waajihi on play iftiinka iyo hooska. Waxa ay ahayd mar dambe xardho si ka badan sida rinjiyeynta.
Setkografiya u ogolaanaya in ay soo saaraan yaalla badan oo darfaha isku mid. Artists lagu wareejiyay iyaga udaabacida ah farshaxankiisa caanka ah by qorayaasha si fiican u yaqaan. Wehbe weyn of Lenin iyo Stalin qurxisaan guriyo ee hay'adaha dawladda. Waayo, wakhtigu waa qaar ka mid ah, in fikirka hal abuur siiyey si ay shaqo farsamo.
In 1960 ayuu soo noolaaday xiisaha farsamada dhaqanka. Waxaan bilaabay in la furo dugsiyo xirfadeed iyo farshaxanka. Xardho Chrysostom helay hawl-wadeeno u tahay horumarka cusub. qalin Young dugsiyada helo waxbarasho-engravers fannaaniinta inay warshad iyo siminaaro, kaas oo soo saaray maacuunta, talanti ay yimaadeen. Intii lagu guda jiray sannadahan, haddana waxaa ka dhawaajisay magacyada fannaaniinta wanaagsan sida G. Bersenev A. Bogachev, NV Lohtachova, Averkin O. et al.
jooga
Maanta, mid maqli karo ra'yi ah in in ka boqol oo sannadood ee la soo dhaafay of xardho Zlatoust sida nooc ka mid ah farshaxanka qaranka iyo farsamada gacanta ayaa laga badiyay tacaluqa. Iyada oo ay taasi aadan rabin in ay aqbalaan. xardho Zlatoust (story ee kalluumaysiga caanka ah waxaa Xaqiijiyay) inta lagu jiro xilliga oo dhan jiritaankeeda, waxaa si joogto ah la beddelo. Markii hore, waxaa la gartaa qaababka rayadka iyo images cad ah, laga dhaxlaa Jarmalka ka Solingen, markaas sayid Ruush daray gilding iyo technology kale dekor, sirqoollada ku hodanaynta. Dheeraad ah, in qarniga 20aad, xardho aqbalay fikradda ah farshaxanka caanka ah iyo nuugo Hababka cusub oo casri ah.
The boqol sano ee ugu horreysa ayaa naga tagay dhowr magacyada fannaaniinta caan ah. Shaqadooda waxaa laga heli karaa far - I. N. Bushuev rinji miniatures on theme ee khuraafaadka iyo dagaalo ciidan. IP Boyarshinov jeclaa ka shaqeeya mindiyo ugaarsiga. Waxa uu ku xardhay iyaga ugaarsadaan goobaha.
In ka badan boqol sano nooca xiga ee xardho on biraha ay isbedelayaan nolosha bulshada sida kala duwan iyo baahida aadanaha. Waa maxay waxa loo yaqaan kitsch iyo macaamiisha alaabta - natiijo dabiiciga ah ee guusha kacaanka proletarian, kaas oo la barbareeyay oo dhan ballan qaaday in ay bixiyaan qof kasta oo qaba wax kasta oo aad u baahan tahay. Ceyrsaneysa bulsheed weyn iyo farshaxanka keentay in xaqiiqda ah in qayb ka mid ah madaxtooyada xardho Zlatoust si caddaalad ah u sabool ah. Currently, farshaxanka xardho on biraha regains naaxiyadda ku xeeldheeraashada ah. sayidkooda u fiican halkaas, laakiin, sida had iyo jeer, oo aad ku tashan karaan hal gacan. Currently, farshaxan sare ma dhiman karaan, laakiin ma aha weli istaagi kara - waxaa had iyo jeer waxay noqon doontaa kobciyo garashada dadka xarfaanta ah iyo dhalashada noocyada cusub ee fanka ah.
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