12 lammaane oo dareemayaasha cranial: miiska. dareemayaasha Cranial: qaybinta iyo sharaxaad kooban

Xididdada ka oo ka baxsan maskaxda kordhin, loo yaqaan dareemayaasha cranial. Qaybinta iyo sharaxaad kooban oo ka mid ah si gaar ah waxaa loo arkaa in article soo socda.

Noocyada dareemayaasha iyo cudurada

Waxaa jira dhawr nooc oo dareemayaasha:

• motor,
• isku dhafan;
• xasaasi ah.

motor Neerfaha ee dareemayaasha cranial sida xasaasi ah iyo hybrid, ayaa kaga hadlay daliilka in khubaro si fudud u aqoonsan karaa. Waxa intaa dheer in lesions go'doonsan ee dareemayaasha shaqsi saameyn kara iyo kuwo waqti isku mid ah kooxaha kala duwan. Thanks to aqoonta ay goobta iyo hawlaha waxaa suurto gal ma aha oo kaliya in ay fahmaan nooca dareemayaasha jebiyey, laakiin sidoo kale localize meesha ay dhibaatadu saameysey. Tani waxa ay noqotay gaadhi by hababka gaarka ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab-teknoolojiyad sare. Tusaale ahaan, ku dhaqanka indhaha, iyadoo la isticmaalayo qalab casri ah, waxaa suurto gal ah in aad ogaato gobolka fundus ah, dareemaha iftiinka, si loo ogaado duurka ku of view iyo hearths khasaaro.

qiimaha Good tilmaamaysaa ANGIOGRAFI artery iyo verterbalnaya. Laakiin macluumaad faahfaahsan oo dheeraad ah waxaa laga heli karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo si raajito loogu xisaabiyaa. waxaa la, waxaad ka arki kartaa dogob dareemayaasha qofka iyo aqoonsado burooyinka iyo isbeddello kale ee maqalka, muuqaalka iyo kale oo dareemayaasha.

Baadh trigeminal iyo dareemayaasha maqalka waxaa suurto by habka of kartiyo somatosensory cortical. Sidoo kale haddii ay taasi ku, ku audiograph iyo nistagmografiya.

electromyography Development balaariyay fursado aad u hesho macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan dareemayaasha cranial. Hadda waxaad sahamin karaan, tusaale ahaan, soo noqnoda jawaab reflex, hawlaha muruqa isxilqaamay ee wajiga iyo muruqyada qaadka carrabka, dhanxanegga, iyo wixii la mid ah.

Deggan kasta oo ka mid ah lammaane oo dareemayaasha. Guud ahaan waxaa jira 12 lammaane oo dareemayaasha cranial. Shaxda, halkaas oo ay ku qoran yihiin dhamaadka maqaalka. Dhanka kale, ha ka fikiro si aynu kasta oo laba laba ah si gooni gooni ah.

1 joog. description

Tan waxaa ka mid ah dareemaha olfactory ka tirsan xasaasi ah. Marka unugyada receptor this kala firdheen oo epithelium ee saabka sanka in qaybtii olfactory ah. appendages unugyada neerfaha khafiif ah ku urursan filaments olfactory dhismaha dareemayaasha olfactory. From dareemaha sanka gala saabka cranial dhex godadka waslad khafiif ah oo ka mid ah lafta ethmoid, iyo dhamaado buro ka soo jeedaan oo jidka olfactory dhexe.

2 labada ciyaaryahan. dareemayaasha muuqaal ah

Tan waxaa ku jira labo ka mid ah dareemaha optic, u sabab ah kooxda oo xasaasi ah. Axon neuronal halkan maraan saxan Roobka ee foosto bu'da ka mid ah, kaas oo ku dhacaa saabka cranial ah. Salka macdantaa maskaxda oo ka mid ah dareemayaasha labada dhinac ee isugu iyo abuuro Waddooyinkiisa iyo chiasm optic. Waddooyinka tag barkin thalamus iyo geniculate jidhka, ka dib markii taas oo wadada muuqaal dhexe faray in xuubka occipital ee maskaxda.

3 uumiga. dareemayaasha efferent

Oculomotor (motor), abuuray by fiiloyin dareemaha ka dareemayaasha oo ku yaal arrinta cawlan ee maskaxda biyaha socdaba hoos kordhin. Si salka u maraa inta u dhaxaysa lugaha, ka dibna uu helo galay kastana falagiisuu dhex isha iyo innervates muruqa (marka laga reebo ugu sareeya iyo line dibadda uugu of innervation kulmaan dareemayaasha cranial ay kale, 12-labo, taasoo muujinaysa miiska si cad u muujinaysaa oo dhan oo iyaga ka mid isu geynta). Tan waxa u sabab ku jira fiiloyin dareemayaasha ee parasympathetic ah.

4 uumiga. laíaanta

In labada nin waxaa ka mid ah keenay trochlear dareemeyaasha (motor) ka xudunta u ah hoos biyomareenka cerebral iyo dusha sare jeeda ee ku dhoofnay ee aagga ka mid ah maskaxda. In qaybtan jirsado chiasm, foorarsiga of lugaha iyo wax lays geliyey kastana falagiisuu dhex ah. Labada ciyaaryahan Tani innervated muruqa uugu ka xoogbadan.

5, labo ka mid ah 12 lammaane oo dareemayaasha cranial

Shaxda sii dareemaha trigeminal la xiriira ay horey isku qasan. In jir joogo dareenka iyo motor nuclei iyo ku saleysan - xididada iyo laamaha. Dunta Dareenka soo jeedaan unugyada ciidanka trigeminal kee dendrites abuuro laamood ka durugsan in innervate maqaarka hore ee madaxa iyo wejiga, ciridka ilkaha, indhaha conjunctiva, xub-axaleedka ee sanka, afka, carrabka.
Dunta Motor (ka dareemaha trigeminal) ku xiran laanta neerfaha mandibular, iyo tijaabiyey muruqyada masticatory innervate.

6 labada ciyaaryahan. abducens

qayb Next of 12 lammaane oo dareemayaasha cranial (Shaxda waxaa ku meelaynayaa in motor dareemayaasha group) waxaa ka mid ah a abducens labada ciyaaryahan. Waxaa ay ku bilaabataa ka nuclei gacanta ku pons ah, uu helo on saldhig oo hore u socda si Afyare orbital ugu sarreeya iyo ka dibna si godka isha. Waxaa siisa muruqyada indhaha si toos ah (Iska Fududeeyaan).

7 uumi. facialis

Labada ciyaaryahan waxa ay ka koobantahey dareemaha wajiga (motor) ee ka soo baxa appendages cell xuduntii motor ah. Dunta The bilaabi baxay qodaa hoose ee ventricle afraad, mari agagaarka xuduntii dareemayaasha afaraad hoos ugu hooseysa oo wuxuu tegi doonaa xagal buundada-cerebellar ah. Kadibna waxay u gudbaysaa inay furitaanka maqalka, godka ee dareemaha wajiga. Ka dib markii qanjirka maray, waxaa kala qaybinaya laamo in innervate ee muruqyada wejiga, iyo wajiga, iyo sidoo kale dhowr kale. Dheeraad ah, waxa ay gaareysaa ka mid laan asliga ah innervates muruqa jiifa dhegta dhexe.

8 uumi. dareemaha maqalka

Labada nin ayaa siddeedaad oo ka mid ah 12 lammaane oo dareemayaasha cranial (Shaxda waxa uu u soocay inay dareemayaasha xasaasi ah) wuxuu ka kooban yahay maqalka ama vestibulocochlear dareemayaasha, oo ay ku jiraan laba qaybood: vestibular iyo cochlear. qayb cochlear ka kooban yahay dendrites iyo Axon of Guntin ku muquuninta in cochlea lafaha. Qaybta kale u waasiciyo ka Guntin ku vestibular hoose ee meatus maqalka. Neerfayaasha waxay labada dhinac ku xiran kanaalka dhegta inay dareemaha maqalka.

The fiiloyin dhammaadka vestibular in nuclei wixii fossa rhomboid iyo cochlear - nuclei cochlear ee pons ah.

9 labada ciyaaryahan. dareemayaasha glossopharyngeal

Shaxda dareemayaasha cranial sii Labada ciyaaryahan sagaalaad, oo ay matalayaan dareemaha glossopharyngeal. Waxaa ka mid ah dareenka, motor, fiber secretory iyo iidaan. Waxaa jira xiriir dhow la dareemayaasha vagus iyo dhexe. Dad badan oo loo arko muhimka ah ee dareemaha ku yaalla oblongata medulla ah. Waxay waxaa lala wadaagaa lammaanaha tobnaad iyo laba iyo tobnaad.

Dunta dareemayaasha lammaane isku jira waxaa foosto, tegaayo saabka cranial. Waayo, kii saddexaadna dambena waxay ku dhanxanegga iyo carrabka waa dhadhanka iyo dareemaha dareen in dhegta gudaha iyo dalqada - xasaasi ah, waayo, dalqada ku - motor ah qanjidhada maray - secretory.

10 uumiga. vagus

miiska Next dareemayaasha cranial sii Labada ciyaaryahan ka kooban ee dareemaha vagus, taas oo caqliga leh hawlaha kala duwan. jir wuxuu ku bilaabmayaa oo xididdada ka in oblongata medulla ah. Imaatinka out of saabka cranial, dareemayaasha dalqada innervates muruqyada striated iyo dhuun ah, samada, dhuunta, hawomareenno iyo xubnaha dheefshiidka.

Dunta Dareenka innervate gobolka occipital ee maskaxda, baxsan meatus maqalka, xubnaha haray. Dunta Secretory waxaa lagu hagaa inay caloosha iyo xammeetida, vasomotor - receptacles, parasympathetic - qalbiga ku.

11 labada ciyaaryahan. Description of dareemaha siyaada

Soo bandhigay Labada nin this ee dareemayaasha siyaada ah wuxuu ka kooban yahay qaybo sare iyo hoose. marka hore wuxuu ka yimid xuduntii motor of oblongata medulla ah, oo kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa - ka xuduntii in geesihii laf dhabarta. xididada ku xiran yihiin midba midka kale iyo soo bixid ka dhaladii iyadoo labada meelood. Qaar ka mid ah iyaga ka mid ah la geeyo dareemaha vagus.

Waxaa innervates muruqyada - sternoclavicular-mastoid iyo trapezoidal.

12 pair

Waxaa dhammaanaysaa miiska kooban oo ka mid ah dareemayaasha cranial laba ka mid ah dareemaha hypoglossal. Its muhiimka ah waa hoose ee oblongata medulla ah. Ka soo baxay qalfoofka, waxay siisa afka muruqyada.

circuit dayan noocan oo kale ah 12 lamaane dareemayaasha cranial. Si Loo soo kobo kor ku xusan.

Fiiri liiska, taas oo muujinaysa dareemayaasha cranial, 12 lammaane. miiska soo socda.

gunaanad

Tani waa qaab-dhismeedka data iyo shaqo dareemayaasha. Labada ciyaaryahan kasta oo door muhiim ah. dareemayaasha kasta waa qayb ka mid ah nidaamka weyn, oo waxay ku xiran tahay waxaa sidoo kale nidaamka oo dhan on - ka hawlaha dareemeyaasha shaqsi.