Abwaan Dzhon Donn: Biography, hal-abuurka iyo nolashiisa qaaska ah

Dzhon Donn ku dhashay London ee 1572 (inta u dhaxaysa 23,01 iyo 19.06). Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa ganacsade barwaaqo. Waxa uu ku dhintay markii John ma ahaa xataa afar sano. Gabadha Abwaan Abwaan D. Haywood ahaa hooyadiis. Ka mid ah awowayaashiis, iyada oo sidoo kale lahaa T. Mora.

muddada tababarka, diidmada in ay qaataan dhaartii

At 12 jir, Dzhon Donn diiwaan University Oxford (in Hart Hall). Saddex sano ka dib uu u wareegay Cambridge. Donne ma uusan helin in kasta oo jaamacad degree. Waxaa laga yaabaa in, iyo gelitaanka hore si, iyo diidmada dhammaystirka rasmiga ah ee tababarka ay sabab u tahay xaqiiqada ah in Donne dhaaran lahaa ay daacad u ah wax raadayn kara Church of England. Jobseekers ka darajo kasta oo looga baahan yahay waqtiga iyada dhaarta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waayo, Catholic ah, waxay ahayd wax aan la malayn karin.

Safrin dal oo kala duwan

Donn, jaamacad ka tago, safray markii qaar ka mid ah in Spain iyo Italy. About naftiisa wax yar ka hor inta la og yahay in 1591 uu ka diiwaangashan shirkad sharciga ku hoos magaca "Tavis Inn". Sannad ka dib u dhaqaaqay Donne kale - "Lincoln ee Inn", halkaas oo uu ku hadhay, waayo, qiyaastii saddex sano.

John in 1596-97 sannad xisaabeedka. Wuxuu ka mid ahaa "marwooyin-mutadawiciin" waxay ahaayeen xubno ka mid ah ahaa ee "dhalinyarada oo dahab ah" oo dadka ku dhex oo madax u ah Earl ee Essex, caan ah, in duulaan ah burcad badeeda ka dhanka ah Cadiz. Markaas waxay uga dhoofeen Azores ah, ee ee dhicisoobay "Ololaha Island." Ololaha ayaa iyaga shilalka inay dhexda maraakiibta Spain ka soo bixiyey khasnadihii America laabtay.

John noqdo ogeysiiyo

Donna ayaa mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ka badan 4 sano ee soo socota ayaa lagu guuleystey. Waxa uu xitaa loo doortay xubin ka mid ah Baarlamaanka ee 1601.. Donn loo yaqaan gabayaa, ma teeb line hal. Ku qoran "Is khilaafka iyo Dhibaatooyinka" tiraab casriga jeclaa sida uu isku dayayaa in uu soo nooleeyo foomamka classical (epigram aayadda korhin fariin Elegy jacaylka).

guurka Secret raadadkii

Dzhon Donn ee January 1602 si qarsoodi ah ku guursaday Anne Moore, gabadh jir ah toddoba iyo toban sano ah. Aabaheed isku dayay in uu dhawaan la-in-sharciga waxaa loo diraa xabsi. Oo wuxuu lahaa inuu sii joogo oo xabsi Fleet, iyo sidoo kale ay meel badiyay in hawshii Keeper ee sida khaaska ah. Donne soo baxay xabsiga, waxay ahayd shaqo. Ku dhowaad si buuxda u engegay uu dhaxalka mar-adag. Inta u dhaxaysa 1602 by 1615 - sano rajo la'aan oo aad u daran. Donn baadhay aan micne lahayn ee loogu talagalay isticmaalka hibadooda.

Laba iyo toban carruur ah Anne waxay isagii u dhashay, kuwaas oo toddoba ka badbaaday hooyadiis, kuwaas oo ku dhintay 1617. Donna ayaa 2-3 sano ee ugu horeeya ku noolaa qaraabo naagtii ee Surrey. In 1605 waxay u guureen guri ku yaal Mitchum, oo u dhow London.

si isku day lagu guulaysan codsan hibadooda

Si fiican oo muddo dheer Dzhon Donn bartay fiqiga, sharciga xeerkoodu iyo taariikhda kaniisadda. Waxa uu ka caawiyay T. Morton, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday Bishop of Durham sannadaha 1605-07, abuurka ah qoraallada ayuun jiheeyo galaya. Morton dambe ee 1607 yaboohay yimid wanaagsan oo Donna, haddii dambe go'aansado in ay qaataan amarada quduuska ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, John ayaa weli la filayaa in la sameeyo xirfado cilmaani ah. guuldareysteen uu isku dayay inuu ka dhaco ee Xoghayaha - horeysay ee Ireland, ka dibna - in Virginia. Isku dayay Donne sidoo kale ka heli post ee safiirka in Venice iyo Hague. Isla mar ahaantaana waxaa jiray masterpieces badan oo gabayo jacaylka, intooda badan gabayo diinta, iyo sidoo kale warqadihiisii kaabaha casri ah.

qorniinkii, by kaas oo Donna bilaabay si loo horumariyo shaqada

In 1610 yimid shaqada ugu horaysay la daabacay ee John "shahiid khayaali ah." Waxaa ka go'an in ay King James. Buugga waxaa difaaca cajiib ah u keeneen dhaartii ay daacad u yihiin wax taaj oo Ingiriisi ah, kaas oo uu ku waajib ah in Catholics ka dib dhacdada ee 1605 Shirqoolkii Baaruud ah. Dzhon Donn ahaa Abaal marin shaqada this waa heerka uu gaarsiisan Master of Arts oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Oxford qiimaha. King ayaa tan iyo markii uu si cad u sheegay in John dallicin doontaa adeegga, haddii uu go'aansado inuu ka doortaan mustaqbalkiisa wacdina. Donne in isla sanadkaas helay, ugu dambeyntii, weli Sokeeye. Waxay noqday R. Drury. In muddo ah ka soo November 1611 on August 1612, waa inuu isaga ula safray dibadda. Ka dib markii Donne soo noqday, wuxuu u dhaqaaqay qoyskiisa si uu guriga u, ee ku taalla Drury Lane. John halkan ku noolaa ilaa 1621.

Duwidda in aawadeed wadaadnimadii waa, hawlaha baridda

"Tijaabo ee fiqiga", u abuuray in muddada u dhaxaysa 1611 iyo 1615 sano ah, ku siin aragti ah in ay ku qoran yihiin qof la odhan karaa waa arrin diyaar adeeg kaniisadda. Donn January 23, 1615 wuxuu amray wadaadkii iyo adeegto. Korol Yakov waxaa mid ka mid ah wadaadada loogu sameeyo. Waxa uu sidoo kale xaqiijiyey in Donn la gudoonsiiyey shahaado ee Doctor oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Cambridge Theology. Mid ka mid ah waaxaha ugu qiimaha badan ee London, isaga loo siiyey in 1616. Donn lahaa si loo baro odayaasha fiqiga "Lincoln ee Inn" - shirkad sharci ah.

Cudur iyo buugga waxay ku saleysan tahay waayo aragnimo cusub

King dabayaaqadii 1621 u magacaabay John Abbot ee St Paul ee Cathedral. Donn gabayo yar abuuray ee muddada adeegga ee kaniisadda. Laakiin in 1624 uu daabacay "The salaadda iyo banneeyey Nicmoolayda waxa ka mid ah xaaladaha la dhigay off", maskax dhakhso ah oo ka buuxa xiisad. Tani waa warbixin ku saabsan cudurka, taas oo uu noqday ku dhawaad dilaa ah, uu ku xanuunsaday ee 1623. Cudurku waxa uu noqday muraayad xaaladda ruuxiga ah ee John Donne. Wuxuu arkay tiirsanaanta nimcada Ilaah. Dzhon Donn dhintay March 31, 1631 ee London.

Wacdiyada iyo gabayo by John Donne

Wuxuu dardaarmo iyo wiilkiisii ka badan 160 wacdiyada. Wiilka iyaga lagu daabacay 3 Muga. Dzhon Donn wacdiyey, ka doorteen in ay wicitaanada iyo Digniin ay ahayd isdaahirintii moral dadka hadlaya ee ku saabsan is burinaya ee hadda jira ee cilmiga, taas oo ka Catholic Church Roman ee England soocay. Inkastoo falanqaynta taxadir cilmiyaysan oo ka mid ah meelaha kala duwan ee Kitaabka, iyo erayo mararka Latinized iyo Saan, in wacdiyada uu, waxaad ka heli kartaa sawirka isku hodan iyo garaaca noole, dabeecadda u ah uu gabay. Wacdiyada Donna, oo ay la socdaan salaadda aamin ah isaga waarta warkiisii by samaynta mid ka mid ah sayidkooda ugu weyn ee tiraab Ingiriisi.

Aad u yar dhicin si ay u daabacaan gabay Dzhon Donn. gabayo uu la soo loogu tala galay goobaabin la xusho. Waxay waxaa lagu gartaa midab ah oo aad u gaarka ah, wax badan oo ka mid ah tilmaamo, iyo sidoo kale farsamooyin kale in ay yihiin hanti hadalka nool ee wadahadalka cilmaani ah. Waxaas oo dhan oo noo ogolaadaa in la yidhaahdo in wareegga cidhiidhi ah dadka hagaajiyaa sonnets Dzhon Donn iyo gabayo kale. Maanta shuqulkiisuna waa ay heli karaan qof walba.

In dalka warkiisii weyn gurguurta Dzhon Donn. Brodsky, tusaale ahaan, ka go'an in ay isaga, "Great Elegy". Magaciisa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la soo bixitaankii ma aha oo kaliya in suugaanta Ruush. Aad u fiican u yaqaan maanta ee baar Moscow "Dzhon Donn" (Taganka). Sida aad arki karto, taas oo isu caan ayaadse Ingiriisi iyo Abwaan ee dalkeenna.