Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky: Biography, hal-abuurka

theme ugu weyn ee hal-abuurka ka mid ah qorayaasha noqday Patriotic War Weyn. A geesi-askari Vasily Terkin uu abuuray wuxuu ahaa sida caan weyn, waxaan dhihi karaa, waxa uu ka sarre maray qoraaga. The nolosha iyo shaqada qoraaga Soviet la yaab leh aan ka wada hadalno in this article.

Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky: Biography

Dhashay Abwaan ee hore style 8 June (June 21 - cusub) ee 1910 ee tuulada Zagorje, taas oo ah in gobolka Smolensk. Aabbihiis, Trifon Gordeevich, wuxuu ahaa tumaal ah, iyo hooyadiis, Maria Mitrofanovna sida qoyska ka mid ah smallholders (beeralayda, kuwaas oo ku noolaa oo ku taal duleedka Russia iyo lahaayeen si ay u ilaaliyaan xuduudaha ay).

Aabbihiis, inkastoo ay asal ahaan uu soo ridayeen, wuxuu ahaa nin wax akhrin iyo jeclaaday inuu wax akhriyo. In guriga loo kaxaystay xataa buugta. Awoodaan inay akhriyaan iyo hooyadiis qoraaga mustaqbalka.

At Alexander walaalkiisii yaraa Ivan, ku dhashay 1914, kuwaas oo markii dambe u noqday qoraa.

carruurnimada

Waayo, markii ugu horeysay shuqullada Classics Ruush guriga la kulmay Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky. Biography Warbixinta Gaarka ah ee qoraaga waxa uu inoo sheegayaa in qoyska Twardowski caadadii - fiidkii xilliga qaboobaha, qof ka socda waalidiinta kor u akhris Gogol, Lermontov, Pushkin. haddana waxaa la helay jacayl ah suugaanta Twardowski iyo xataa bilaabay qoraal aayadda ugu horeysay, weli ma run ahaantii ay bartaan inay hawlkarnimo qoro.

Alexander bartay dugsiga miyiga yar, iyo afar iyo toban sannadood bilaabay in ay u diraan si ay wargeysyada maxaliga ah ee daabacaadda qoraalada yaryar, qaar iyaga ka mid ah ayaa xitaa lagu daabacay. Soon Twardowski dhicin in ay u diraan iyo gabayo. Editor of wargeyska "Jidka Work" initiative deegaanka taageertaa Abwaan dhalinyaro ah, oo siyaabo badan ka caawiyay ka adkaado oo uu xishood dabiiciga ah iyo bilaabeen inay daabacaan.

Smolensk-Moscow

dugsiga sare ka dib markii uu u dhaqaaqay Smolensk Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky (biography iyo shuqullada waxaa lagu soo bandhigay in this article). Halkan qoraaga mustaqbalka doonayay in mid sii waxbarasho ama shaqo u helaan, laakiin innaba mid kale ma la samayn karo mana - waxaa loo baahan yahay ugu yaraan nooc ka mid ah qaas ahaan, oo isagu ma uu samayn.

Twardowski noolaa on beesadood keenay dakhliga suugaanta yeelsiiyeen, kaas oo lahaa si kada ah koob marinnadii. Marka caasimada, gabayo "October" magazine Abwaan ayaa la daabacay, oo wuxuu aaday inuu Moscow, laakiin halkan lama nasiib dhoola. Sidaas darteed, in 1930, Twardowski ayaa lagu qasbay inuu ku laabto Smolensk, halkaas oo uu ku qaatay lixda sano ee soo socota ee uu noloshiisa. Wakhtigan waxa uu ahaa in ay galaan Institute koriska ah, taas oo aan la dhammeeyey awood, iyo mar kale in ay Moscow, halkaas oo in 1936 uu qirtay in MIFLI.

Intii lagu guda jiray sannadahan, Twardowski ayaa noqoto si firfircoon ku daabacan, iyo in 1936 uu daabacay gabay ah "The Land of Ants", ka go'an in ay collectivization in ayayan isaga. yimid ururinta ugu horreeya ee gabayada Tvardovsky "Miyiga Chronicle" ee 1939.

sano oo dagaal ah

In 1939 wuxuu ahaa qoreen gelin Army Red Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky. Biography qoraaga markan bedelay jir- - uu yahay xarunta hawlgallada milateri ee galbeedka Belarus. "Red Army" Tan iyo 1941, Twardowski shaqeeyay wargeyska Voronezh.

Xilligan waxa lagu gartaa ubax ee hal-abuurka ah ee qoraaga. gabay si fiican u yaqaan sokow "Vasily Terkin" Twardowski abuurtaa a "futay shaqaale Chronicle" wareegga of gabayo iyo shaqo ka bilowdey on gabayga caanka ah "Road House", kaas oo lagu dhameeyey 1946.

"Vasily Terkin"

Biography Tvardovskogo Aleksandra Trifonovicha waa laga buuxiyay kala duwan ee guulaha hal abuur leh, laakiin ugu weyn iyaga ka mid ah waa in ay qoraan gabay "Vasily Terkin". shaqada A ku qoran oo dhan Dagaalkii Adduunka Labaad, in uu yahay, ka 1941 si ay u 1945. Oo isna wuxuu u daabacay burburi wargeysyada military, oon ku kor niyadda ciidanka Soviet.

Shaqada waxa lagu gartaa sax ah, cad oo fudud style, horumarinta deg deg ah ee falalka. gabay kasta dhacdo xiran jidka kasta oo kale oo kaliya ninkii. Twardowski isaga qudhiisa ayaa sheegay in tani ay ahayd sabab u ah xaqiiqada ah in isaga iyo akhristayaasha uu lagu lumin karaa waqti kasta, sidaas waxaa qortay kasta waa in la dhammeeyo arrinta ka mid ah wargeyska, kaas oo la bilaabay.

Sheekadan waxay ka dhigtay Twardowski qoraaga nidaam SOFHURA. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa la guddoonsiiyey Abwaan shuqulka Order of War ka Patriotic, 1 st iyo 2 nd degree.

shaqada Post-dagaal

Sii mustaqbalkiisa suugaanta firfircoon dagaalka ka dib, Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky. Biography Abwaan dhammaystirayaa qoraal gabay cusub "Waayo fog - fog", taas oo loo qoray oo ahaa in muddada u dhaxaysa 1950 ilaa 1960.

Laga soo bilaabo 1967 ilaa 1969kii, qoraa ka shaqeeya shaqo ah taariikh ahaaneed ee "xasuusta Human." Gabay sheegayaa runta ku saabsan masiirka aabbihiis Twardowski, oo noqday dhibane collectivization oo la xiray. Shaqadan waxaa laga Reebay Arrintaas faafreebka daabacaadan iyo akhristaha uu karin inuu ka hor tago oo keliya sanadkii 1987. Qoraalka Gabaygaan dhab ah ku dhacay xiriirka Twardowski la masuuliyiinta Soviet.

waayo-aragnimada hodanka ah iyo Biography dayri Tvardovskogo Aleksandra Trifonovicha. Ugu muhiimsan, dabcan, waxaa lagu qoray qaab gabay, laakiin waxaa la daabacay dhowr anthologies sheekooyin tiraab. Tusaale ahaan, 1947, wuxuu yimid knika "Homeland iyo dalka shisheeye", ka go'an in ay Patriotic War Weyn.

"New World"

Ha illoobin oo ku saabsan shaqada saxaafadda qoraaga. Sanado badan adeegay sidii editor sare ee majaladda suugaanta "New World" Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky. Biography ee xilligan waxaa ka buuxa oo dhan cayn kasta oo shilalka la faaf-ka rasmiga ah - si aad u leeyihiin in ay difaacaan xaq u leeyihiin inay daabacaan waayo qorayaasha badan oo tayo leh. Juurille Twardowski la daabacay alaabta Solzhenitsyn Zalygin, Akhmatova Troepol'skaya, Molsaeva, Bunin et al.

Tartiib tartiib, magazine noqday mucaaradka halis ah in taliskii Soviet. Waxaa la daabacay qorayaasha of demoqaraadiyad ah oo si cad u muujiyay fikirrada anti-Stalin. guushii Real for Twardowski ahaa fasax daabacaada sheekada Solzhenitsyn ee.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, ka dib markii ka saarida ee Khrushchev ee edition ah "New World" waxay bilaabeen inay cadaadiska xoog leh. Waxaa halaagsameen in Twardowski ayaa lagu qasbay in uu ka tago meel ka mid ah Tifaftiraha sare ee 1970.

sano ee lasoo dhaafay iyo geeri

Taasi waa u imanayaa inuu of Biography ee uu bixinayay. Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky, kuwaas oo dhimashada waxaa ku taariikhaysan December 18, 1971 sano, u geeriyooday kansar. Qoraagu wuxuu ku dhintay magaalada Red Pakhra, oo ku yaalla gobolka Moscow ee. jirka wax qora waxaa lagu aasay qabuuraha Novodevichy ah.

Aleksandr Tvardovsky ku noolaa nolol hodan ah oo midabo iyo tegey agromnoe ah dhaxalka suugaaneed. Qaar badan oo ka shuqulladiisa lagu daray manhajka dugsiga, oo ay ku hadhaan oo caan ah ilaa maantadan la joogo.