Battle of Moscow 1941

Dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka ogyahay guulo badan oo la taaban karo iyo dhacdooyinka khaas ah. Laakiin Battle of Moscow haya meel gaarka ah ee taariikhda. Waxaa halkan ahaa, hoos darbiyada dhagax cad, ciidanka Jarmal gaaray ay guul darro weyn oo ugu horreeya. Near Moscow ficil ahaan waxaa lagu aasay qorshaha "Blitzkrieg" ee Hitler, oo quraafaad ah laga adkaan karin ciidanka of Reich Saddexaad ayaa weligeedba beenoobay.

Guud ahaan, Battle of Moscow waxaa ka kooban go'an adag oo dagaalo iyo hawlgallada, kaas oo ka dhacay gayiga baaxad weyn iyo dayrta sii waday ee 1941 iyo jiilaalka 1942.

In dhacdooyinkan, dhinaca hore labadaba waxaa ka soo qaybgalay in ka badan laba milyan oo qof, laba kun iyo taangiyada, ku dhowaad laba kun oo diyaarado iyo in ka badan shan iyo labaatan kun oo qoryo kala duwan dagaalka.

By dabiiciga ah ee dhacdooyinka dagaal ee Moscow ee waxa loo qaybin karaa laba marxaladood: difaac iyo weerar.

Battle of Moscow 1941: stage daafaca

In dayrta ee '41, Ciidamada Soviet ayaa lagu qasbay in uu ka tago Kiev, Smolensk, u qaxaya Leningrad. Kharkiv, gobolka Donetsk, Crimea halis ku ah qabashada ahaa. Ciidamada Jarmal halka siday khasaare weyn askar iyo qalab militari, laakiin, si kastaba ha ahaatee, weli iska leh hindisaha weerar iyo Bluagrana ayaa loola cararay bari.

In Xarunta Hitler ee uu sameeyay hawlgal gaar ah "duufaanka" si uu u qabto caasimadda ah ee USSR. Sida laga soo xigtay howlgalkan, magaaladuna waxay ahayd ku xiran xabsi ku go'doominta buuxda in degan lahayn awood uma yeelan in ay ka baxaan. Taasi waxaa xigay burburinta dhamaystiran iyo daadadka ee Moscow. Survivors waxaa jiray in aan noqon. Burbur ah u maleeyeen in buuxi ciid, iyo saaray on top of taallo sharaf ciidanka jabin karin Jarmal. Si weyn, dhagax, waayo, halkaas tiir xusuus ah la keenay Moscow qalabka military.

In jihada of Moscow wakhtigaas ahaayeen saddex furimood Soviet:, Galbeed Bryansk iyo Reserve. iyaga ka gees ah taagnaa Group Army Jarmal "Center" in ka badan hal milyan oo askari. Waxa ay ahayd in ka badan kala bar qoryo, taangiyo iyo diyaarado wadarta guud, kaas oo wakhtigaas hantiyeen ciidanka Hitler.

ciidanka Soviet wakhtigaas ahaa wax badan ka yar reserve hub, iyo tayada ahaa ka xun. Sidaa darteed, masraxa daafac oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet waxay lahayd in ay aad u adag tahay.

Mozhaisk iyo Volokolamsk jihada waa waddada ugu gaaban in Moscow. Waxay ahayd halkaas in a dagaallada ugu nac weyn ugu horeysay bilaabay for habab si caasimadda. askari Soviet lahaa iska caabin ah oo si dhab ah geesinimada. Ciidamada qummanaynu waxaa magdhow by geesinimo shakhsi ahaaneed. Qiimaha noloshooda, ay isku dayeen in aan ka maqnaan cadowgu ku qalbiga hooyo ee.

xaalad ah go'doominta lagu dhawaaqey in Moscow iyo agagaarkeedii. Dadka deegaanka ayaa isku diyaarineysa difaaca magaaladooda.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka la gaaro dhamaadka October 41 Taliyaha Zhukov soo jeediyay in la beddelo difaaca si ay counter-attack. Hawsha oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet ahaa in laga adkaado kooxaha joojinta cadowga iyo ciribtirayo khatarta ah ee u dhow Moscow.

Battle of Moscow, jiilaalka 1942: marxaladda of weerar

December 6 by Army Red la macaamilooday woqooyi ugu horeysay ee halis ah counter-attack iyo koonfurta Moscow. zone weerar biloowday 1,000 kilometers - ka Yelets in Kalinin. By 9 December, ciidamada smogs cadowga ku hardiyi ku dhawaad 40 kilomitir. Jarmalka, in kastoo, oo waxay lahaayeen hub aad u fiican, laakiin ma ay diyaar u yihiin dagaal ee xilliga qaboobaha adag Ruush iyo geesinimo shakhsi looga adkaan ka mid ah askarta Soviet. Waxaa sidoo kale saamayn ku la'aanta ah ee ciidamada reserve cadowga.

Hitler ayaa lagu qasbay inay la soo wareegto amar ay u guuraan ciidamada hab difaaca, talaabo dib uga jagooyinka ay waqti isku mid ah ugu of Guud iyo wareegaya taliska sare si buuxda u badan. Laakiin xaaladdu hore, ayuu waxa uu awoodi waayay in ay jebiyaan.

Wixii cusub 1942 Ciidamada Jarmal ayaa dib u riixay ka Moscow horeba laba boqol oo kilomitir, Kalinin iyo Kaluga waxaa laga xoreeyey naasiga ah. khatar degdeg ah qabashada Moscow mar dambe ma ahaa.

Qiimaha mid ah Battle of Moscow

Dhacdadani waxa ay shaki la'aan saamaysay koorsada ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida, sida Battle of Moscow keenay ugu horeysay ee guul cajiib ah in ciidamada Soviet. Qabsashada magaalada caasimadda ah ee curyaamiyey lahaa dalka oo keentay in Oramada oo ah Nazi Germany. Oo halkan uu ciyaaray qayb nafsi ah oo kaliya kaalin aan. In gobolka Moscow ee, wax badan oo kaxeynayo warshadaha iyo difaaca ayaa ku urursan shaqeeyay dagaalka oo dhan. Waxay soo saartaa 70% ka mid ah diyaaradaha ee ciidanka, inta badan rasaasta.

Marka cadowga waxaa ka dhiidhiyaan ka darbiyada magaalada, niyadda oo ka mid ah askartii Soviet waxaa kor u fuulay si weyn. xamaasad Tani iyo rumaysad aan shuruud lahayn in ay guul ka caawisay dambe ee Battle of Kursk iyo Stalingrad.

Laga soo bilaabo dhibic istiraatiijiga ah ee view of the Battle of Moscow ka caawiyay in laga adkaado isutagga ugu fiican ee ciidamada Jarmal - lugta iyo taangiga.

Ciidamada Soviet ayaa si weyn u edeb ka dib markii dagaalka this. qaybo ka mid go'doon Separate hore u xaqiijiyay in dagaalka, ayaa darsadeen qaybsameen cusub la taliyayaasha kalsooni iyo khibrad leh.

Taasi Moscow ayaa noqday Rubicon iyada oo loo marayo taas oo ku fashilantay in ay noqotay ciidamada Jarmalka ee dagaalkii labaad ee dunida.