DC. DC circuit Electric: xisaabinta

DC usoconaa jihada gaar ah la Qurub lacag. In qiimaha kale ee hadda la odhan karaa sida amperage ama danab, kuwaas oo si joogto ah jihada iyo qiimaha.

Tixgeli ay dabeecad u, isticmaalka, iyo sidoo kale circuit korontada DC. Jawaabaha su'aasha ah ee sida cilmi-baarista waxaa lagu sameeyaa circuit korontada, sida loo xisaabiyo, iyo qaar kale.

From daray in laga jaray ama qeybsanaan?

Isha of electrons ka qiimaha laga jaray si lagu daray ay ku guuraan. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in qof walba waa ogyahay waxa ku saabsan, waxa la arkaa in ay jihada ka daray in laga jaray. Waxaan la yaabanahay sababta? Waxaan sharxi in taariikh ahaan ku dhacday. Laakiin dhab ahaantii waa? Ka dib oo dhan, taasi "taariikhda" ayaa soo saartay in qaar ka mid ah muddo gabi ahaanba aan qiimo lahayn waqti.

DC waa sharciyada korontada oo waaweyn: sharciga Ohm iyo sharciyada Kirchhoff ee. Loo yaqaan hadda galvanic waxaa loo isticmaalaa in, maadaama ay heleen iyada oo sababtu tahay dareen-celin galvanic. Marka hadda korontada waxaa ay bilaabeen in ay la fuliyaa ee guriga, waxay ahaayeen dood adag oo ku saabsan sida ay ku soo galaan hadda, DC ama AC. "War" badisay labaad, maxaa yeelay waxa uu ahaa mid qaali ka yar. Aad ayay u fududahay in ay u gudbiyaan meelaha fog ay sabab u tahay isbadal fudud.

Sidee DC

Laakiin ma laga tirtiray isticmaalka hadda si toos ah. circuit korontada DC waxaa laga helaa, tusaale ahaan, in bateriga.

hadda The ee ay induction electromagnetic, ka dib markii taas toosinta qaadataa ururiyaha meel. reaction Tani waxay soo saartaa matoor, kaas oo sidoo kale soo saartaa hadda joogto. wareeggeedii hadda Direct loo badali karaa ka talantaalli converters sabab iyo rectifiers.

gudbikaraa codsiga

Isticmaalka noocaan ballaaran. Inta badan guriga qalabka, tusaale ahaan, a computer modem, xukun for a mobile phone, korontada ama cunto processor yahay orodkii joogto ah hadda. circuit korontada DC ahaan iyo diinta matoor motor iyo qalab kasta oo la qaadi karo. Waxaa ku shaqeeya oo dhan matoorada warshadaha, iyo dalalka qaar ka mid ah xitaa laymanka a high-voltage ee gudbinta korontada. Xataa qaar ka mid ah qalabka caafimaadka loo isticmaalo.

hadda Direct waa amaan, tan iyo markii si lama filaan ah dilaa iman kartaa marka ay saameynta 300 MA iyo variable ah - hore u at 50-100 MA.

circuit korontada

Isgaarsiinta waxaa la siiyaa qalabka by kaas oo la isugu gudbiyo waa la fuliyay, qaybinta kulaylka iyo Isbadal of electromagnetic, iska Ifto Yuuna ama noocyada kale ee macluumaad tamarta oo dhan. hababka lagu sharaxay, kuwaas oo ciidamada electromotive, labada hadda iyo danab.

waxyaabaha asaasiga ah ee wareeggeedii korontada DC

Xubnihii ugu weyn ee - a ilo aqbalana iyo tamarta macluumaadka, isku xidha kirishbooyada. The ilaha kala duwan noocyada tamarta waa la gediyay galay korontada tamarta. Oo qaateyaasha ah, on lid ku ah, korontada galaa noocyo kale.

Chain, kuna waari dhexdeeda diinta, gudbinta iyo soo dhaweynta ah ee awoodda korontada dhacdaa si joogto ah hadda iyo danab waqtiyada oo dhan, loo yaqaan wareeggeedii DC. Halkee geedi socodka waa qiimaha variable - wareeggeedii AC.

Si loo xisaabiyo iyo baran circuit korontada (hawlaha shaybaarka ujeeddo this waa sida caadiga ah a) DC nidaamka bedelka waxaa laga codsadaa, i.e. wareeg ah la qurxiyey xisaabinta dhabta ah. Si aad u hesho, waxaad u baahan tahay inuu bedeli doono oo dhan victorious Bannaanka. geeddi socodka jirka waa in la muujiyay in description oo xisaab kasta.

xubno resistive

resistor waa mid ka mid ah helaya circuit korontada. Waxaa lagu gartaa iska caabin ah, kaas oo la qiyaasay in ohms. caabin Resistive ama, sida ay u yeedheen, ayaa lagu bilaabaa galay nidaamka bedelka firfircoon inay tixgeliyaan ee tamarta electromagnetic waxaa beddelay qaabab kale.

Xisaabinta ee wareeggeedii DC korontada adag sameeyey haddii dhigay jihada wanaagsan oo dhan hadda iyo voltages. jihada doortay Guntin ah isagoo awood badan oo si Guntin ah awoodana hoose.

Marka iska caabin ah ee resistor ka baxsan yeedhay hadda toosan, iyo circuit koronto - resistive toosan. The sifo hadda-danab ninba fansaarka toosan marayay asal ahaan.

In falanqaynta ee wareeggeedii sida inta badan loo isticmaalaa si loo fududeeyo mabda'a ka kooban ee uu bedelay qaybo ka mid ah oo adag in circuit korontada fudud. Laakiin danab hadda iyo waa in aan la beddelo. Markaas geliya Silsilad la carqaladeeyey doonaa ilaa foomka aad u fudud. xubno resistive United u leeyihiin in loo roggi in isku midka ah iyo in taxane.

la xidhiidha isku xig xiga oo isku midka ah

In xidhiidh taxanaha oo dhan gacanta hadda uu leeyahay qiime isku mid. Halkan, danab ku xiran tahay wadarta dhan iska caabin ka mid by I waa tarmay, in uu yahay:

U = (R1 + Red2 + RN) Waxaan = RI.

Marka la xidhiidha isku midka ah waxaa laga codsadaa danab joogto ah, laakiin hadda waa wadarta hadda ee mid kasta oo ka mid ah xubno ka ah. Sidaa darteed, waxaa loo soo bandhigi karo sida wax soo saarka ee danab ku conductance u dhigma oo ka mid ah xubno firfircoon. Oo waxay ku tidhi, markeeda, le'eg tahay wadarta ah conductivities ee canaasiirta. Halkan waxaa ku qoran waxa ku jira DC.

Electric circuit DC, marka lagu daro, waxay ka kooban tahay danab iyo ilaha hadda.

ilo

danab-bannaan (emf, hadda) waxaa lagu magacaabaa ay isha ka ah iska caabin circuit dibadda. danab isha (danab ka) ayaa lagu qiyaasay oo aan waxtar lahayn, i.e., halkaas oo isha hadda waa eber. The wareeggeedii resistor u dhigma u oggolaanaysa in khasaaraha tamarta kulaylka, kuwaas oo laga soo isha. Haddii ay tahay eber, iyo il hadda - xad la'aan, in - ilo ku haboon. Real mar walba waxa uu leeyahay qiimo uguna.

sifooyinka dibadda waa sida soo socota: ugu ilo EMF iyo ku tiirsanaanta danab baxdo ka hadda durduri, halka isha hadda - ee danab ee boosteejada ah.

Ilo Real yihiin meelaha toosan iyo non-toosan. Ka fiirso habab xisaabinta wareeggeedii toosan hadda si toos ah korontada ah. Waxay waxaa lagu qeexay sharciga Ohm ee circuit wadarta, halkaas oo aan = E / (Rh + Rbh). Markaas U = direysid RbhI. qaaciidooyinka Kuwan waxaa soo minguuriyey iska caabin ah gudaha iyo conductivity gudaha:

• Rbh = ΔU / ΔI;
• Gbh = ΔI / ΔU.

Xisaabinta non-toosan circuit DC korontada ku salaysan yahay sharciga Kirchhoff ee. Hababka lagu cabbiro waa toosan iyo wareeggeedii non-toosan way kala duwan yihiin. Sidaa darteed, ugu dambaysta ee qodobkan lama eegayo.

Qalab lagu qiyaaso qaybta toosan

capacitance Electric DC circuit wuxuu ka kooban yahay ilaha. unit A, ay qiyaaseed waxaa ka mid ah: a voltmeter lagu qiyaaso danab ee guud ahaan qayb circuit iyo ammeter ah xiriir taxane in Bannaanka. At eber iska caabin ah gudaha iyo conductivity alaabtii yihiin fiican.

Hababka mid noqoshada noqdo kuwo intan ka muuqata marka la isticmaalayo cabbir impedance tixgeliyo. By sharciga Ohm ee R = U / I.

Waxaan ognahay in alaabtii dhabta ah waxay leeyihiin qiimo eber. fursadaha kaliya labo waa mid noqoshada Sidaa darteed suurto gal ah:

• caabiga gudaha ee voltmeter ee jeer ammeter ayaa in ka badan qiyaasay - sida in dhibic danab ku dul ma in la yareeyo hoos u dhaca iska caabin qiyaasay oo danab in waxa lagu qiyaasaa voltmeter waa in dhigma kala duwan qalliinka;
• caabiga gudaha ee voltmeter waa dhigma ammeter ku cabbiro iyo - si weyn u wax ka yar qiyaasay.

tijaabiyaan oo ay gacanta ku meelaynta shaqada

Waayo, danab iyo hadda cabirka, ee matoorrada khuseeya. caabin Gudaha waxaa lagu cabbiraa shido ay.

Voltmeter iyo ammeter daro AB1 block a.

Si loo qiyaaso iska caabin ah ee nidaamyada gaar ah. Isha of iska caabin gudaha ee ciidanka electromotive in la goostay.

In meel la doorbido, taas oo waa in ay leeyihiin shaqada gacanta, circuitry DC waxaa lagu bartay by go'aaminta ku soo koobin ee isha xoog electromotive, il hadda, cabiraada impedance, waxbarasho isku midka ah ka mid noqoshada iyo taxanaha resistances VAC.