Difaaca geesinimada ah ee Kiev (1941), si kooban

Difaaca Kiev ee 1941 - a dagaal baaxad weyn oo ka mid ah Ciidanka Cas iyo Wehrmacht lagu jiro dagaalkii labaad ee dunida. Waxaa la sheegay in muddo dheer ka hor dhacdada murugada raggii fahamsan yahay in shaqo ee Kiev ma lahayn noqotay. Markaas, bil ka dib ka dillaacay ee colaadaha, dadka Kiev bilaabay inuu ka tago magaalada oo waxaad u tagtaan tuulooyinka in ay ahayd in deggan ka burburinta badbaadiyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxa la sheegay in dadka intooda badan ay ahaayeen ee Kiev oo ay diyaar u yihiin dagaalka ku soo wajahan. The dadka geesi ah Kiev sii waday in ay u shaqeeyaan, si ay u dhisaan qalcad ah iyo diyaar-garoobo weerar ah.

Sababaha dagaalka ugu dhow Kiev

Ka dib markii ciidamada Jarmal qabsadeen dhulka Smolensk, Hitler go'aansaday in ay weeraraan on Kiev in ugu dhakhsaha badan ka adkaan dhanna Yukreeniyaan. Waxa uu doonayay in lagu soo qabto Ukraine sababtoo ah kayd dhuxusha waa in dhulkeeda. Hitler rumeysan yahay in ay caawin lahaa si ay u siiyaan ciidamada Jarmalka la ah dugaal iyo cuntada si ay si ay u sii wadaan howlgallada military ee dhulka Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Ka dib markii qabsaday oo ka mid ah dalalkan Ukraine ayaa waxaa la qorsheeyay in hareerayn Moscow, ka dibna si loo gaaro is dhiibin ee Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Kiev difaaca 1941. Short of tallaabo military

The War Patriotic Great ayaa sheegay in nolosha tiro badan oo characters. Qofna ma illoobi kartaa sida Ciidanka Cas ayaa difaaca wadankaada hooyo cadowga.

Difaaca Kiev ee 1941 ayaa noqday muddo aad u adag tahay Army Cas iyo muwaadiniinta. Inkastoo ciidamada qummanaynu, Army Cas u dambeeyey istaagay oo wax quus sameeyo, si looga hortago ciidamada Jarmal ay sii horumariyo. Inta badan oo ka mid ah unugyada Army Red xiriiro ayuu waayey amarka sare, iyo sidoo kale cutubyo dariska ah. Qaar badan oo iyaga ka mid ah ayaa la hareereeyey oo qarsoomi kari waayay ka. Waxaa la sheegay in inta badan askar ka dhinteen ama loo qaaday maxbuus cadowga.

rasaas yaraanta, tirada ciidamada, iyo taageero muwaadiniinta Army Soofiyeeti

Horeba in dagaallada kowaad wuxuu ahaa yaraanta sidoo dareemi of hubka iyo rasaasta. Hitler qorsheeyay in ay qabsadaan magaalada hillaac, si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkastoo ay ka sarreeyaan oo ka mid ah ciidamada Jarmal ee lambarada, iyo sidoo kale iyaduna ka mid ah qalabka military ee ciidamada Red heroically diriray cadowga. Difaaca geesinimada ah ee Kiev ee 1941 marnaba la illoobi doono, maxaa yeelay, Ciidamada Red iyo dadka magaalada ayaa isu yimid oo si geesinimo ku Jahaaday caasimadda.

Intaa waxaa dheer in ay ciidan in difaacay caasimadda, difaaca Kiev iyo muwaadiniinta ka qayb. In ka badan 200 000 oo qof oo ah Kiev kaceen inay la diriraan on hore si iskood ah. On dhismaha khadadka daafaca ka badan 160 000 dadka deggan shaqeeyay si maalinle ah, kuwaas oo isugu timaadaan maleeshiyada.

Kiev difaaca 1941. Kooban weerarkii lagu qaaday caasimadda

Ujeedada ugu weyn ee Hitler uu ahaa shaqo ka mid ah dhulka ee Donbass iyo Crimean ah. Waa midda koowaade, horumarinta goobaha warshadaha beeraha loo hubiyo lahaa ciidanka iyo gadaalka dambe ee khayraadka. Second, qaadashada dalka Ukraine hubiyo lahaa horay caqabad ciidanka Jarmalka goolkiisii ugu weyn ee - in ay Moscow.

Ka dib markii hanashada Smolensk ee amarka Jarmal go'aansadeen in ay qabsadaan USSR. Hitler qorsheeyay si uu u qabto hillaac Kiev, laakiin ciidamada geesinimo iyo xorriyadda-jecel oo ka tirsan ciidamada Red ma siin uu riyooyin run.

Horeba on July 11, Ciidamada Jarmal isku dayeen in ay jabiyaan oo ay qabsadaan magaalada Kiev, laakiin daafaca joogto ah iyo counter-attack ah Army Red ma siin flash a in ay qabsadaan magaalada. Ka dib markii in, cadowga go'aansadeen in ay garab Kiev on labada dhinac, waxaana ay July 30 dib u bilaabay colaad iyo weerar on magaalada.

August 7 hawada guutada AI Rodimtsev lagu qabtay counterattack. Tani waxay caawisay in xasilinta xaaladda, laakiin kaliya muddo gaaban. Waxaa xusid mudan in waayo-aragnimo ah ee paratroopers ma lahayn, oo iyagu ma ay leeyihiin hub culus. lugta Jarmal Strong waxay ka soo hor jeedaa oo kaliya dagaal ruux, dhiiranaanta iyo geesinimada.

amarka Soviet go'aansaday on formation of kooxihii cusub iyo in ay iyaga ku soo bandhigo oo dagaalkuu dhex galay. Tani waxay caawisay in ay ka fogaadaan xaalad musiibo.

By 10 August cadowga ahaa awoodaan in ay jebiyaan oo u agagaarkeedii koonfur-galbeed, laakiin halkan waxay dib u dhac ah: caabiga geesinimada ah ee Army 37 qasbay ciidamada Jarmal in ay mar kale sii joogo.

Inkastoo ay iska caabin ah geesinimada, in ay sii wadaan ka hor ciidamada Jarmalka, iyo sidoo kale difaaca Kyiv. July-September 1941 si ay u noqdaan magaalada muddo aad u adag tahay, maxaa yeelay, dhammaan saddexda bilood ee cadowga sii waday in ay weeraraan iyo jebin Army Cas.

Kiev Dejinta

Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in ciidamada Red joogto ah iyo geesinimo leh iska caabiyay, Hitler go'aansaday inuu ka soo leexdo xagga koonfureed 2aad ciidankii berrinka iyo kooxda taangiga 1st, taas oo u dhaqaaqay dhinaca of Moscow. Waa inaan sheegaa in waqtigan ciidamada Jarmal dhex qarxay si River Dnieper ah xagga koonfureed. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dabayaaqadii August, ciidamada cadowga gudbay webiga xagga woqooyi ka xigta Kiev, iyo gobolka Chernihiv, waxay la unugyada la jiray ee horumarinta xagga woqooyi ka soo biiray.

In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in uu jiray khatar ku ah deegaanka, Stalin weli go'aansaday in ay sii wadaan difaaca caasimadda. Tani waxaa ka muuqataa on musiibo ee dhacdooyinka mustaqbalka, sababtoo ah haddii ay ciidamada Soviet gurteen ka dib markii digniin ugu horeysay oo ku saabsan deegaanka, nolosha aadanaha ma noqon doono wax badan.

Difaaca Kiev 1941 lagu xusuusan by dhan ah muddo dheer. The geesinimo iyo geesinimada ah askari oo ka tirsan ciidamada Red ma caawin kartaa, laakiin u bogi. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in tirada ciidamada Jarmal ku dhawaad saddex jeer Army Cas, iyagu ma ay hoos u gadaal iyo sii waday in ay difaacaan magaalada.

guuldaradii Ciidamada Soviet

September 9, ciidamada Jarmal si Kiev yimid oo hareereeyey isaga. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in ciidamada Cas ayaa ku dhowaad jebiyey, waxay weli ka dhigay isku day quus ah si ay u jebiyaan.

September 19 ciidamada Jarmal u suurtagashay in ay soo galaan magaalada, iyo isutagga Kiev ee Ciidamada Soviet lagu qasbay inay uga noqda. amarka Soviet sameeyey isku day ah in la sii daayo kooxaha isku wareejiyey Ciidanka Cas, laakiin waxa aan ahaa guul. Dad badan oo askar iyo saraakiil ayaa lagu dilay, iyo sidoo kale cadowga qabsaday. Difaaca Kiev ee 1941 qaatay tiro la yaab leh nolosha askari oo geesi ah oo aad u dhiirranow Army Red, waxay ahaayeen diyaar u ah inay wax u xoreynta oo ah dhulkooda hooyo sameeyo. Waxay naftoodii ku siiyey si ay u sii joogaan on dalkoodii oo u dhiib gacmaha cadowga.

Waxaa la sheegay in ka hor inta aan difaaca ee Kiev G. K. Zhukov sheegay in Stalin in ciidamada Soviet waa in lagu soo wareejiyay xoodaan ee River Dnieper ah.

Loss of nolosha iyo geesinimada Ciidamada Cas

Arday kasta oo dadka waaweyn ogyahay sida badan socday Kiev difaaca 1941 No mid ka mid ah la halmaami karin dhiigga qabta dagaallada, geesinimada iyo geesinimo Ciidanka Cas. Qof walba xusuusan doonaa sida askartii diriray magaalada caasimadda ah oo daafacay sida ay kari waayeen. Ma jiro mid askartii aan la fikirka ku saabsan sida loo tago dagaalka, iyo in la siiyo caasimada in gacmaha cadowga. Dhacdooyinkaasi waxay la xusuusan doonaa weligiis, maxaa yeelay, waxay si fudud ma illoobi kartaa.

Waa in la sheegay in guuldaradii of Army Red ahaa dhabar jab weyn dalka oo dhan oo si xoog leh u saameeyay horumarinta dheeraad ah ee dagaalkii ka Great Patriotic. colaadaha ayaa galaaftey nolosha in ka badan 700,000 oo qof. Intaa waxaa dheer in ay khasaare aadanaha u weyn, Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa gebi ahaanba laga badiyay oo dhan bidix Bank Ukraine. Taas darteed, wadada u Donbass, in badda Azov, iyo in Ukraine Eastern noqday furan yahay ciidamada Jarmal.

Ka gaabinta qorshaha Hitler

Waxaa kaloo muhiim ah in difaaca ee Kiev ee 1941 ahaa ee ciidamada Jarmal by yaab. Dagaal magaalada fashiliyay qorshayaal Hitler ee blitzkrieg ah iyo qabashada degdegga ah ee magaalada Muqdisho. Waxa kale oo xusid mudan in looga hortegi ay horay dhinaca caasimadda, sidaas caawiyay diyaariyo ciidamada Soviet in difaaca ee Moscow. Wixii 3 bilood ciidamada Soviet u suurtagashay in ay xoojiso booska si ay u geesinimada iyo heroically fikiri dharbaaxo oo ka mid ah ciidamada Jarmal.

Cawaaqibka soo gaartay oo ka mid ah ciidamada Soviet ee difaaca ee Kiev

guuldaradii Ciidanka Cas keentay in xaqiiqda ah in wadada si Eastern Ukraine, Azov iyo Donbass noqday furan yahay ciidamada Jarmal. Waa in la yidhaahdo waxa horseeday dib u gurasho ka mid ah Ciidanka Cas:

• October 17, Ciidamada Jarmal qabsadeen Donbas ah.
• October 25 ciidamada cadowga qabsaday Kharkov.
• November 2 ciidamada Jarmal maareeyeen in ay gacanta ku Crimea iyo Sevastopol si loo joojiyo.

All dheer xusuusan difaaca ee Kiev sanadkii 1941. 1942 ahaa waxay geysteen in Ukraine: difaaca ee Sevastopol, hawlgalka Kharkov, iwm Waa ay adag tahay in la qiyaaso in ka badbaaday .. Ciidamada Soviet iyo dadka dalka waqtiga.

In difaaca ee Kiev qaadataa tallaabooyin kasta oo suurta gal si kor loogu qaado awoodda dagaal ee ciidamada Soofiyeedka. Waxay heroically difaacay dhulkooda iyo inay muujiyaan weerarrada cadowga. Waa in la sheegay in khasaaraha aadanaha ahaayeen weyn. Askar badan Soviet qabtay by cadowga, balse, inkastoo taasi, iyagoo geesinimo ogaa soohdin lahayn.

Difaaca Kiev ee 1941 - Haddii ay dhacdo in lagu xusuusan doonaa muddo dheer u leh qof kasta. The geesinimada iyo geesinimo ah askari Soviet uma uu dayn taag gabi ahaanba qofna. Waxay yihiin ciidamada oo dhan isku dayeen in ay kada weeraro cadowga iyo kibir otvoovyvali Kiev. guuldaradii ee saameynta ku saabsan horumarinta dheeraad ah tallaabooyinka military iyo qorshayaasha amarka Jarmal ee la xiriirta magaalooyinka dalka Ukraine, iyo sidoo kale Moscow.