Dmitry Donskoy. Habka loo yaqaan 'Duke Grand'

Wiil yar oo sagaal sano jir ah ayaa carshi ahaan loo siiyay Dmitry Donskoy. Bannaanka hore ee noloshiisa wuxuu ku xiran yahay halgan joogta ah ee murashaxiinta carshiga weyn ee Vladimir. Kuwa ka soo horjeeda Moscow ayaa si cad u taageeray Horde.

Marka Dmitry qaaday carshiga, inta lagu guda jiro labadii sano ee Kremlin Moscow waxaa la dhisay, kuwaas oo noqday calaamad u ah xoog iyo guul of kibir Moscow ee. Waxay ahayd qalabkii ugu horreeyay ee dhagax waqooyi bari ee Russia wakhtigaas. Dhacdadan ayaa loo ogol yahay inay ka tarjumto sheegashada Tver iyo Novgorod ee Moscow, iyo sidoo kale inay ka baxsadaan ololaha Olgerd, oo ah amiirka amniga ee Lithuania.

Bartamihii qarnigii 14aad, Horde ayaa daciifay, sababtoo ah caqabadda carshiga Khan, iyo xoogagga mucaaradka, si ka duwan, kor u kacay. Xitaa qulqulka ciidamadii Moscow ee 1377 meel u dhow Nizhny Novgorod ma xoojin karto guushii ay qabteen. Sannad ka dib, ciidanka Begich ayaa ku yaala webiga Vozhene, kaas oo Ryazan ah, laga adkaaday Dmitry Donskoy. Uu Biography, oo la xidhiidha dagaalka Kulikov ka bilaabmaa dagaalka this. Waxay u adeegtay sidii mashaariicda mustaqbalka.

Sanadkii 1380-kii, colaadii ka dhacday Horde ayaa ugu danbeyntii ku dhammaatay awooda Mamai, oo markiiba bilaabay inuu xoojiyo booskiisa Russia. Ugu horreyntii, wuxuu isbahaysi la sameeyay Jagiello, oo ahaa hoggaamiyihii Lithuania, waxaanay ciidamada u horseeday dhulalka Ruushka. Si loo xiro cadowga, kooxdii amiirku waxay isugu soo urureen Kolomna, halkaasna waxay u guurtay Tuulada. Halkan, oo isu muujiyay inuu yahay taliye taliye Dmitry Donskoy. Qoraalku wuxuu sheegayaa in uu aqbalay go'aan aan la filayn oo aan la fileynin wakhtigaas: in uu la kulmo Mamai bangiga ka soo horjeeda Don, kaas oo khan u tixgeliyey dhulkiisa. Sidoo kale, amiirku wuxuu isku dayay inuu ka hortago Horde inuu ku biiro ciidanka Lithuania. Wixii niyad jab ah ee lagu muujiyey dagaalkaan, ee mudnaanta taliyaha, Prince ayaa helay naanaysta cusub - Dmitry Donskoy.

Qormo kooban oo ku saabsan isaga oo aan had iyo jeer sheegin dagaallo la leh Khan Bachtamysh. Mamai oo laga adkaaday Cafe (hadda Theodosius), halkaas oo lagu dilay. Horde waxay bilaabeen inay xukumaan Khan Tokhtamysh. Sanadkii 1382 Oleg Ivanovich, oo ahaa taliyihii Ryazan, ayaa isaga tusay marinka Oka. Ka faa'iidaysashada gargaarkan, Toktamysh lama filaan ah weeraray Moscow. Xitaa intaa ka hor, Donskoy wuxuu ka tagay caasimadda waqooyiga si uu u soo ururiyo maleeshiyada cusub. Dadka degan magaalada way awoodeen, way difaaceen, iyagoo la dagaalamaya wiilasha, kuwaas oo isku dayay in ay ka baxsadaan Moscow argagax. Labo weerar oo isdaba-joog ahi waxay u suurtageliyeen in ay iska celiyaan isticmaalka burcadaha cusub (oo loo yaqaanno joodariyeyaasha), markii ugu horeysay ee laga soo galo birta oo ku taal Ruushka. Tokhtamish waxay fahamsan tahay in magaalada aan la qaadi karin duufaan, gaar ahaan tan iyo markii Dmitry Donskoy uu markiiba soo dhawaaday. Kadibna wuxuu u soo jeediyay inuu been ka sheego, wuxuuna u sheegay Muscovites inuusan u baahnayn iyaga iyo magaalada, laakiin kaliya amiirka. Balanqaadkii maaha in la hagaajiyo dhacdooyinka, Tokhtamysh ku garaacday Moscow, waxay ku jabisay iyada oo lagu qasbay inay bixiso lacag badan mar kale.

Hadafka taariikheed ee Dmitry Donskoy waa, ugu horreyntii, marka la midoobo dhulalka reer Ruushka. Markii ugu horeysay ee Moscow ay u muuqato mid xoog leh, awood dhaqaale iyo mid siyaasadeedba, kaas oo ka soo horjeedka ururada dagaalka ka dhanka ah harqoodka Golden Horde iyo fikradda dib-u-heshiisiinta dhowr waddan. Waad ku mahadsantihiin guushii ay ka gaareen dagaalkii Kulibkii, xaddiga canshuurta ayaa noqday mid aad u yar. Horde waxay aqoonsatay xaqiiqda ah in Moscow ay tahay meesha ugu muhiimsan ee ka jirta dhulalka kale ee Ruushka. Awoodda Horde waxay u noqotay sidii hore oo kale. Dadka Reer Ruushku waxay aaminsan yahiin in weli laga adkaado Talyaaniga.

Vladimir principality Dmitry ka hor dhimashadiisa Basil, wiilkiisa. Marka la eego rabitaanka mabaadi'da ayaa lagu sheegay inuu yahay mooshin mooshin ah oo Moscow ah, taas oo muujinaysa isku-duwaha deg dega ah ee mooshinka Moscow iyo Vladimir. Tani waxay dhacday markii ugu horeysay iyada oo aan fasax laga helin Horde.

Dhinaca kale, Dmitry Donskoi ma keenin isbeddel wanaagsan oo wanaagsan xilligii uu boqorku socday. Tusaale ahaan, waxaa soo bandhigay Kostomarov, isaga oo ka markhaati ka ah khasaaraha dhulalka reer galbeedka, burburinta dagaalladii lala galay hoggaanka Lithuania. Degaan ballaaran ayaa lagu burburiyay wadada Toktamshi iyo bixinta lacag aan loo dulqaadan karin. Kostomarov ayaa xilligaan u arka mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu faraxsan uguna murugeysan taariikhda dadka reer Ruushka.