Edward Teller: Biography iyo sawir physics

Maanta waxaan ka hadli doonaa oo ku saabsan nolosha Edward Teller. Waxaad tahay lagama yaabo in ay ka hor maqlay magaca in, haddii aad nolol xirfadeed oo aan xiriir la physics. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Edward Teller - ninkii cajiib ah kuwaas oo ku noolaa nolol firfircoon oo buuxa ayaa keenay wax cusub bulshada. Uu qayb sayniska waa qiimo, maxaa yeelay, fikrado, cilmi-baarista iyo qoraaladii ninkan ilaa sal maalinta la joogo, waayo, su'aalo badan oo ku physics. nolosha ninkan waa ay iska hor imanayaan, isaga qudhiisu sida. Ma aha qof kasta aqbalay in uu jecel yahay in lagu taageero mashaariicda military loogu talagalay kobcinta awoodda nuclear, laakiin ma aha mid ka nusqaaminina tayo Teller iyo caqli fiican.

Kuwaas oo aan la hadlayo ku saabsan?

Edward Teller, Biography oo hoos loo soo bandhigi doono, waxaa laga yaqaan physics afka baarkiisa. Sidoo kale loo yaqaan "aabaha of qarax hydrogen ah." saynisyahan Tani waxey kaalin weyn in spectroscopy, physics kelli iyo nuclear. Waxa uu ahaa kii ku tilmaamay saameynta ay saamayn Renner-Teller iyo saamaynta Jahn-Teller. Fikradda ah Brunauer-Emmett-Teller saamayn weli waa aasaas u ah physics. Sidoo kale balaariyay aragtida ah nin Enrico Fermi ku saabsan qayb ka beta suuska. Wada jir ah ula N. Metropolis M. Rosenbluth, iyo in 1953 uu ku qoray maqaal ah in adeegay sidii wadadii uu isticmaalka habka Monte Carlo ee makaanikada tirakoobka.

Bilow Biography

Edward Teller waxa uu ku dhashay ee xilliga qaboobaha 1908 ee Budapest. Wiil ayaa waxaa u dhashay qoys Yuhuud ah. Aabbihiisna wuxuu ahaa qareen, oo hooyadiis - biyaaniiste. qoyska wiilka ma ahayn oo keliya, laakiin si wadajir ah ula walaasheed iyada ka weyn Emma. Muddo ka dib, qoyska noqday Christian ah, sida ugu qoysaska Yuhuudda waqtiga. From this waxa uu noqonayaa mid iska cad in qaraabada wiilka ahaayeen kuwo aad u diimeed. Iyadoo ay taasi jirto, ah nolosha madax banaan ee dadka waaweyn wuxuu noqday Alla ah. Teller ka dib bilaabay inuu hadlo, laakiin waxa uu hantiyeen badan iyo xitaa xisaabtami karin tirada seconds sanadkii.

ardayda

Tan iyo markii nin ku koray in jawi kacdoonkii post-dagaal ee Hungary iyo xiisad guud, ayuu waxaa ka buuxsamay Carar cimrigoodii fashiistaha iyo wadaag ah. Qoraan hay'ad waxbarasho sare ee nin Budapest ma taasoo laga yaabaa in hordhaca ah ee xayiraad Horthy Miklós. In 1926, nin dhallinyaro ah oo la geeyo Institute Karlsruhe ee Technology ee dalka Germany chemistry injineernimada. Waxa uu u dhaqaaqay in ay ku noolaadaan laba sano Munich, waa jeclaan of farsamo galmada. Sababo la xaqiiqada ah in Teller ahaa arday maskax leh, qasdin uu ku dhacay taraamka ah oo laga badiyay cagtiisa midig. Taas darteed, waxa uu ahaa taag ah nolosha oo dhan oo xirtay sanaaci ah. By 1930, wuxuu haystaa PhD ah physics afka baarkiisa, taas oo uu ku helay in Jaamacadda Leipzig. Uu sha uu u hibeeyeen ilaa ay sharaxaad ka mid ah ra'iyi hydrogen kelli ah.

Wakhtigan, uu kula kulmay si fiican u yaqaan jirka Ruush L. Landau iyo G. Gamow. Teller ku saabsan horumarinta ee caadiga ah ee physics iyo falsafada waxaa aad u saameeyay saaxiibtinimo nolol-dheer oo uu la Mr. Placzek. Waxa uu ahaa kii ka qayb qaatay in xaqiiqda ah in lagala baxo wuxuu ahaa awoodaan in ay ku nool yihiin Rome ee Fermi Enrico ah. Tani waxay go'aamisay raggii mustaqbalkiisa sayniska mustaqbalka.

qaangaarnimada

Edward Teller, sawir ah oo aan ku aragno warqad labadii sano ee uu noloshiisa u University of Göttingen. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in 1933, oo taageero ka dadka ka soo Guddiga Caalamiga ah ee Badbaadinta, Teller ka tagay Germany. About sano ah oo uu ku qaatay England, hal sano ah - ee Kobanheegan, halkaas oo, kadis ah, uu hoos hanuunka N. Bohr shaqeeyay. By 1934 obzavolsya qoyska by qaadashada naag abtiga u saaxiib carruurnimada - Maria Augusta.

Just sannad ka dib qoyska dhallinyarada ah u wareejiyey Edward Teller la soo jeediyay by Gamow. Oo isna wuxuu lahaa boos fiican ee Jaamacadda Washington George.. In Maraykanka, Teller noqday professor ah. Wada jir ah ula Gamow ay la nuclear, galmada iyo physics kelli ka qabtaan. Edward Teller, reactions nuclear oo lagu yaqaan dunida oo dhan, oo iyaga helay 1939. Wax yar ka hor, waxa uu ahaa awoodaan in ay la furo saamaynta, ka dib markii magaca "Jahn-Teller saameyn." Waxa uu jiifay ee xaqiiqda ah in u taagoo ah u muuqdaan in ay bedelaan qaab dareen diidmo qaar ka mid ah. Tani, markeeda, saamayn koorsada of reaction kiimikada.

qarax abuuraha

In 1941, Teller noqday muwaadin u dhashay America. Wakhtigan, waxa aad u xiiso su'aalo tamarta isuga nuclear iyo nuclear. All this kordhay oo kaliya markii dagaalkii labaad ee dunida bilaabay, iyo saynisyahan ahaa mid ka mid ah koox ka mid ah cilmi-si ay u horumariyaan qaraxa qaaradda. T. von Karman, saaxiib of our geesi, isaga lagula talinayaa in ay la H. Bethe shaqeeyaan. Si wadajir ah aasaaska waxay saareen ee horumarka ah ee la ruxruxo lama filaan ah aragti faafinta. Sannado badan ka dib, waxay ahayd in ay daraasadda ku salaysan tahay daraasad ku saabsan arrimaha ku saabsan soo galo gantaallo hawada.

xirfadiisa Continued

The dheeraad ah oo ku hawlan Edward Teller? Biography kooban siisaa taariikhda soo socda ee dhacdooyinka:

• Laga soo bilaabo 1946 in 1952 ayuu wax ku baray at the University of Chicago. Isla mar ahaantaana wuxuu noqday agaasime ku-xigeenka National Los Alamos ku Laboratory ah.
• Laga soo bilaabo 1953 in 1975 uu mustaqbalkiisa waxbariddiisii ka sii at the University of California Berkeley at.
• In 1954 wuxuu noqday madaxa Shucaaca Lawrence Livermore ku Laboratory, Lawrence. In 1952 wuxuu madax ka noqday cilmi ee horumarka ah ee qarax hydrogen ah. Bishii November, waxaa lagu qabtay imtixaanka ugu horeysay.
• Laga soo bilaabo 1957 in 1973 uu si toos ah hawlgalka loo yaqaan "marashiyo". Waxay ka walaacsan isticmaalka nuclear US rayidka ah. Under hoggaanka geesiyaal 27 qarax ee la soo dhaafay our.

Waxaa la sheegay in Teller ma ahaa moralist ah. Waxa uu rumeysan yahay in Mareykanka waa in ay leeyihiin faa'iido ah oo duurka ku ah hubka nukliyeerka. Waxa uu si firfircoon uga soo horjeeda mamnuucidda isticmaalka hubka nuclear, bilaabay samaynta hubka wax ku ool ah oo jaban.

cilmi

Waxa intaa dheer in arrimaha hubka nuclear, Edward Teller ahayd tii u doonanayd oo taxanahan kale oo dhibaatooyin. Sidaas daraaddeed, wuxuu bartay Farsamoyaqaan galmada, spectroscopy, chemistry jirka, physics ee rays runtan. Wada jir ah ula hore u yaqaanaan noo G. Gamow diyaariyey in 1936, xeerka doorashada ee qayb ka ah ee β-hallaabay. In 1947 oo keliya buu ku tijaabiyey jiritaanka ee atamka mesic.

Waxa uu abaal "waxa kaloy physics nuclear iyo kiimikada" Enrico Fermi Award 1962. In 1975, Teller ka tagay tiir kasta oo professor ee University of California.

In doorka la taliyaha

30 sano ee soo socda ee uu noloshiisa ka go'an in ay geesiga ah article sida la taliyaha ah. Wuxuu kula taliyay dowladda on hubka nukliyeerka. In 1980, Madaxweyne Reagan taageeray barnaamijka xaq u leedahay "Star Wars." Waxay ka walaacsan Strategic Difaaca Initiative ah.

In 1979, waxaa jiray shil on Quwadda Nuclearka Mareykanka. Isla mar ahaantaana Teller wadna xanuun. Wax yar ka hore on screens la sii daayay filimka lagu magacaabo "The Shiinaha Syndrome". Doorka ugu weyn waxaa ku jira ciyaaray by Fund George., taas oo ahayd soo horjeeda sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda of US hubka nukliyeerka. Later Teller u bixiyey iyada eed ku leh uu weerarka.

In 1994, Teller booqday Xarunta nukliyeerka Federaalka Ruush shirka.

20 sano, saynisyahano ayaa ku taliyay siyaasiyiinta Israeli. Waayo, intii saddex sannadood ah ayuu lahaa 6 booqashada dalkan, akhri muxaadarooyin ku saabsan physics afka baarkiisa. Teller loo baahan yahay sannad dhan si ay u caddeeyaan CIA, in Israa'iil ayaa ka iman kara nuclear weyn. Ugu dambeyntii, 1976, wakiil ah CIA sheegay in ay heleen xog laga helay ilo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ku saabsan awoodaha nuclear Israeli.

Quotes iyo buugaagta

Edward Teller, kuwaas oo xigasho oo aad u qoto dheer tahay, wuxuu ahaa nin caqli badan oo isu. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah weedhaha uu weli ku jira isticmaalka. The ugu caansan waxaa ka mid ah uu haatan: "Xaqiiqda ah in sayniska maanta - berri farsamada."

In ay yeerida Teller tilmaamay in innaba maanka mana xasuusta mana qiimaynta ma ay muhiim u yihiin ilmaha si ay u noqdaan cilmiga ah, waxaa ku filan in ay xiiso weyn ee sayniska.

Maxaa kale oo sameeyey Edward Teller? buugaagta uu weli ku jira dalabka. Waxa uu ku qoray taxane ah oo waraaqaha on physics afka baarkiisa. buugaagta lagu kala duwanaayeen hadalkay cad iyo Hufnaan oo fikirka ah.

Koobaya maqaalka, waxaan doonayaa in aan idhaahdo cilmiga Edward Teller kaalin weyn horumarka sayniska. Waxa uu cilmi-baarista iyo buugga - waa hadiyad qiimo dhammaan physicists. sano ee la soo dhaafay ee nolosha nin u hibeeyeen ilaa ay taageero mashruuca, kaas oo ahaa in la abuuro dekedda ah ee Alaska oo isticmaalaya hubka thermonuclear.

In nolosha oo dhan, our geesi u noqday caan ah ma ahan oo keliya sida cilmiga weyn oo awoodooda aad u fiican, laakiin sidoo kale sida nin la dabeecadda ah aan la saadaalin karin. xiriirka kala dhexeeya ayaa la siiyey isaga inay adag tahay, sida ay inta badan u dhacdaa iyadoo dad tayo leh. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in uu yahay noocooda ah ee qof ugu weyn ee ka filimka "Dr. Strangelove," taas oo la sii daayay sanadkii 1964.