Falagyada iyo qaab-dhismeedka caalamka

qeexidda xad la'aan

Caalamka - a collection of dhan ka jirta Cosmos ee. Waa la koobi karayn in meel bannaan, sababtoo ah mid ka mid ma cayimi karta xaddidan. Waa weligeed ah ee waqtiga, sababtoo ah waxaa waxaa ka hormarey bang weyn, iyo ka dib qaboojinta weli waa wax waxaa dhici doona. sayniska Fundamental baranayay qaybaha gaarka ah ee caalamka, Chemistry baadhayaa dunida kelli ah, physics - Qurub hoose iyo atamka, biology ayaa mas'uul ka ah daraasadda of ifafaale ee dabiiciga ah. Qaab-dhismeedka caalamka oo dhan barataa cosmology ku saleysan yahay aragtida ah ee xiddigaha.

lagu daydo ee caalamka

horumarinta degdegga ah ee cybernetics in cilmi-baarista kala duwan qariyo caan sii kordhaysa oo ah aragti Tusaale fiican. Nuxurka of aragti tani waa daraasadda of model ah oo u dhiganta shay asalka dhabta ah. daydo Abuuridda of ifafaale shakhsi gacan ka qoto-dheer waxbarasho ee adduunka ku xeeran. Muddo dheer cirbixiyeyaasha ayaa si firfircoon uga bartay qaabka ay caalamka iyo khayaali ah dhqaalaha (isotropic).

Einstein jeediyay model ah cylindrical taas dhaf deegaanka waqti iyo meel hogaanka qeexay in dhaf caalamiga ah ee caalamka. In model this, markii duwo aan la wada xodan yihiin, tusaale ahaan waqtiga isku tagaa ka ee la soo dhaafay si ay mustaqbalka. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, model this ayaa hagaagtay astrophysicist Villemom De dhigayo hormuudka, kuwaas oo soo jeediyay in asalka ah ee wareeg cas, waqtiga socodka ee qaybaha kala duwan ee caalamka si kala duwan.

Maanta, model ugu caansan ee caalamka ballaariyo, la soo jeediyay by Friedman. In fikrad this, qaab-dhismeedka caalamka ayaa dhaf ah oo caalami ah oo ka mid ah dadweynaha si joogto ah gravitating. In dunida cilmiyeed ku doodday laba beddelka ballaarinta model ah:

- model u xiran yihiin ku xisaabtanay ballaarinta deceleration tartiib ah iyadoo ay sabab u deceleration gravitational;

- model furan soo jeedinaya ballaarinta a gaabis waqti Rowan dheer oo dhan.

model ka mid ah caalamka oo dhan waa kaliya nuqul ka mid ah shayga dhab ah, oo sidaas daraaddeed natiijada ay daraasad la sifaynayo akhriska, waxay u baahan tahay xaqiijinta wax ku ool ah.

Galaxy ee caalamka

Maanta, saynisyahano Earth dhawrtaan oo caalamka ka mid ah oo kaliya, laakiin ma aha in aasaas u ah sheegashada ah in ay tahay mid gaar ah. Qaab dhismeedka iyo Evolution Caalamka waa tartan caalami ah ee waxbarashada cosmological. All of xiddigaha iyo jidhadhka darsadeen weyn nidaamyada star, loo yaqaan falagyada. Galaxy kasta wuxuu leeyahay core dhexe, hubka aarayo oo ku wareegsan, oo marti tiro badan oo ah xiddigaha, iyo ubucda ah ee foomka of daruuraha, oo ka kooban oo ka mid ah xiddigaha u dhif ah. Stars ayaa ku dhasha, ku nool, dhaqaaqin in meel bannaan, oo dhiman. In our Galaxy, xiddiga dhexe waa Sun, ee jidhadhka samada, isaga oo kale ah, ku nool yihiin min 10 ilaa 15 bilyan oo sano. Haddaba qorraxdu soo baxdo waa in da'da dhexe.

Galaxy ee aan ku nool nahay waxa loo yaqaan Jidka calooshiisa sababtoo ah ay diyaarad kula tirada ugu badan ee xiddigaha, gaaska iyo ciidda la arki karo oo cirka habeenkii sida uu yahey ceeryaamo ah. band ee uu yahey this wareegsan giraanta balaadhan oo samada oo dhan ka. Caanno Jidka - Galaxy ee ma aha oo kaliya, qaybaha kala duwan ee qaab-dhismeedka caalamka. Waxaa jira tiro badan oo falagyada la xiddigaha aan la tirin karin. Tusaale ahaan, Galaxy Andromeda ah iyo daruuro Magellanic ah, ee ku taalla meel fog ah la qiyaasi karo naga.

Dhismaha qaybinta arrinta

Qaab-dhismeedka caalamka waa raasamaal ee sheets guri galactic, kala gobollada kaas oo si wayn wax ifaya, ma. hulalka waxay leeyihiin size ah oo ku saabsan 100 MPC. sheet koowaad waxaa la arkay Great Wall, oo ku yaalla meel fog ka mid ah 200 milyan oo sano iftiin. Wall Great - Koox ka mid ah falagyada, isagoo dhumucdiisuna waxay a of 15 million iftiinka .. da'da iyo size - 500 million DM .. sano.

In qaabka meel caalamka ka mid ah dhulka ay leedahay sifooyinka soo socda: Nidaamka qoraxda Planetary, koox maxaliga ah ee kooxahaasi iyo superclusters of falagyada, gacanta Oriyon ah, Galaxy ah - Jidka calooshiisa ka.