Stones sumurud - dabiiciga ah iyo isku dardaro

Tan iyo jeer kaaa dadka cilmiga la sixir sifooyinka dhagaxyo. Sumurud, tusaale ahaan, loo isticmaali by dadka xitaa wakhtiyadii hore. Faaris rumeysan yahay waxa wali kuwa dhintay jacaylka dareen. Tibetans loo aaneeyey inay asal rabbaaniga ah, oo weli aaminsan yihiin in dhagaxyo sumurud - kuwaas oo u khuduuca ku nool yihiin. Talismans iyo dahabka ee sumurud sameeyey helay goobaha aaska ugu qadiimiga ah ee America, iyo sidoo kale in Masar iyo Asia. In ka badan muddo dheer ah ee horumar aadanaha fashion kuwii ama qalabka kale ee qaaliga ah u muuqday oo la waayay, oo kala ahaa sumurud dhagax dabiiciga ah weli calaamad u ah caafimaadka iyo guul. dhagax Tani waxaa had iyo jeer loo arkaa kabtanka a keenta farxad. Sidaas daraaddeed, in dalalka bariga amulet sumurud u adeegeen kaydinta dagaalyahan oo jewelers dalka Masar si firfircoon uga soo saaray ka soo jeeddaan dhagaxyadan cayayaanka quduuska cibaadaysi sixir.

In dabiiciga ah, qaab crystalline waxaa suurto gal ahayn had iyo jeer waa in ay la kulmaan dhagaxyada qurux badan. Turquoise - a noocyada cryptocrystalline kelyaha-qaabeeya ama xididdada neprosvechivayuschie dhagaxyada dhexdooda. Ay calaamadaha madaxtooyada waa la qiyaasi karin. Waxaa jira cirro dhagaxyo sumurud, iyo waxaa jira midabo dhalaalaya oo ah buluug iyo buluug ah oo buluug-cagaaran. Jeclaysto muuqaalka iyo noocyo mesh iyo xidheen shalash. Barbaro ay prozhiliny abuuray oxides biraha. Tani waxay noqon kartaa bir ah, copper ama manganese. Aad u xiiso badan in ay eegaan shaxda ama makaanka sumurud ah, isagoo guntan Shale nooca carbon.

Waxa la yaab leh, inkastoo qadarka weyn ee kayd oo dhagaxyo la heli karo ee Caucasus, ee Maraykanka, Shiinaha, Israa'iil, Afghanistan iyo dalalka kale, mid ka mid ah kuwa ugu ballaaran Keeban weli waa dhagax sumurud. Qiimaha been abuur ah uga liidataan qalabka dabiiciga ah. Laakiin jewelers labada sii aad loo jecel yahay. Sharaxaada dayashada farsamo sumurud la daabacay sida ugu horreysa ee qarnigii XIV ah. Maanta, sidaas darteed, waa in aan awoodin inuu iyaga kala saaro.

Haddii qarnigii la soo dhaafay, marka been abuurtay sumurud dhagax dabiiciga ah waxyaabaha la, ilmaha waxaa ku qasmay budo haboon in midabka, cadaadisay, oo wax ah inhomogeneous taas oo ah distinguished ka dabiiciga ah waxay ahayd mid aad u adag, laakiin maanta waxaa jira fursado badan dhagaxyo la been abuur ah. Turquoise ka kooban copper, dhoobada, iyo noocyo kala duwan oo dhagaxyo dhaqaalaha noocyada haboon, tusaale ahaan quartz. Oo waxaa jira khubaro, qalabka isku dardaro si masterfully unkay sumurud in xataa khubaro khibrad leh oo aan ka heli kartaa kala duwan ee ay qaab-dhismeedka.

Marka aad iibsato waa in la tixgeliyaa in meesha ugu horeysa tan gobolka dhagax. daloolada White in sumurud dabiiciga ah ma dhicin. Aqoonso kartaa caag ah iyadoo la kaashanayo of dabka. loo baahan yahay in la keeno wax soo saarka fitilok ka dib iyo in yar oo ah inay ku hay. Haddii aad bilaabaan inay dhalaali - daydaan. Iyada oo taageero ka irbad la cayimi karo, in gacmaha faience ama galaas. Ay darantahay ingeega ka weyn yahay kii sumurud, iyo haddii wax uusan sii xagashada, waana adag tahay irbad biraha, waxa la malaysan karo in ay tahay been abuur ah. Dhanka kale, haddii natiijada xaqiijinta this waxaa la aasaasay faaradda ama budo oo nabrahoodii caddaan on alaabta hoos topsheet sumurud, ka dibna waxaa iska cad waa in decoration ah laga sameeyey caag. Iyada oo taageero ka irbad cas-kulul daaha ka dhagaxyo midab. Sumurud, halkii ay wax oo dumin kara, kaas oo uu kala diri pigments ka soo taabato bir kulul bilaabaan inay dhalaali.