Guulaysannaa ee Space, qarnigii 20-21 th: miis is barbardhig

The quudhin ugu farxada badan aadanaha oo dhan bilaabay bartamihii qarnigii 20-, wax yar ka dib dhamaystirka masiibada ugu weyn ee qarnigii - dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka. Waxaa jiray kacaanka ah oo uu qabsaday maskaxda iyo nafaha dadka ka yimid dalalka kala duwan, oo halkaasna waxaa joogay guulaysannaa koowaad ee Cosmos 20-21 qarnigii. Waxaan ka soo baxsaday meel iyo waxa ku eegan iyo dhuujinayso addoonsada. Iyadoo ay jirto this wareejin tectonic in nolosha dadka iyo horumarinta technology la nagu sugayeen hadda, in qarniga 21aad?

Bilowgii sahaminta bannaan

sahaminta Space hore sameeyay laba Kooxahan - ka USSR iyo Maraykanka, iska hor imaad ah oo ku shubtay ma aha oo kaliya in dagaallo siyaasadeed iyo tartanka hubka, laakiin sidoo kale tartan ee sayniska iyo farsamada. Inkastoo dadaalka iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee weyn, Mareykanka marka waagu da'da meel bannaan oo aan u heli karto Horseedka iyo madaxda. Guulaysannaa ee Space 20-21 qarnigii, oo waxay kor u qaadi dambe - abuuri doonaa a shuttles meel la duuliyo, telescopes super-awood iyo Rovers soo diray si ay u sahamiyaan Planet Cas. Oo annagu bilowdo sharaxaad ku saabsan furitaanka ugu horeysay boos.

Faraj ee duulimaadka chargeability bannaanayd waa isgoyska of line Karman ee sare ah 100 kilomitir.

PS-1, abuuray oo bilaabay by Midowga Soofiyeeti, wuxuu ahaa awoodaan si ay u horumariyaan xawaaraha loo baahan yahay in ay ka gudbaan jiido ee Dhulka iyo la bilaabay gantaal side galay kastana falagiisuu dhex bishii October 1957. satellite ma la odhan karaa xusuus, si ay nafta ugu of weedha ah oo ku saabsan tallaabooyinka aadanaha sida mid ka mid ah in Neil Armstrong ayaa sheegay in uu taabto. PS-1 ilaa baahin kaliya "Putt-Putt!", Laakiin waxaa ku filan in la furo marxalad cusub ee taariikhda ilbaxnimada our.

The sahamiyayaal koowaad ee Cosmos ee 20-21 qarnigii

Marka codsiga in la xasuusto ah Horseedka ah meel indhaha ka hor ee qof kasta oo u taagan kor u wejiga dhoola Yuriya Gagarina. Weli, u shaqeeyo nool marka hore, u diray falagiisuu, isagu kuma uu jirin, oo Drosophila. duqsigu miro caadi ah ayaa laga bilaabay by Mareykanka ee 1947 si ay u sameeyaan daraasad ku saabsan saamaynta heerka sare sare ee shucaaca ah ee jirka ku.

Umado dib ammaan iyo kalsooni, iyo inay ku baddallo, sannad ka dib markii, duulay daanyeer la odhan jiray Albert I. Albert ahaa ka yar nasiib - wuxuu u dhintay dhegto ka hor inta aanay gaareen line Karman ah, oo sidaas daraaddeed ma run ahaantii ahayd in meel bannaan oo.

Markaasaa waxaa jiray dhowr Alberta, laakiin weli ku nuujiya marka hore inay fuulaan si ay u height ah in ka badan 100 km oo halkaas nool laabtay ahaayeen laba eeyaha - dezikom iyo Roma. Ay la bilaabay sannadkii 1951, ku hawlan USSR. Si kastana falagiisuu dhex eey ee aan la soo gaadhay. Waxaa jiray dhowr isku day si ay u fuliyaan duulimaadka orbital, laakiin marka hore, guriga soo laabtay guul kaliya ka dhacay 1960-kii. Protein iyo fallaadh, iyo iyaga oo afar iyo toban jiirarkii iyo laba jiir wareegay dhulka ku wareegsan oo dib u nool yahay iyo sidoo kale. Muddo yar ka dib dhamaadka horyaalka Arrow noqday hooyo lix muqisho kuwaas oo qaddar ku hawlan Nikita Khrushchev. Mid ka mid ah eeyaha Space muqisho wuxuu siiyey gabadhiisii madaxweynaha American ee - Caroline Kennedy. Sayidka, ka ugu guulaysannaa hore ee qarnigii Cosmos 20-21 ahaayeen walaalaheen yar oo u baahan in lagu bixiyo canshuurtii iyo xusuusta.

Ninkii ugu horreeyey ee bannaan

Wax abid bedeli doono xaqiiqda ah in cosmonaut koowaad ee meeraha noqday muwaadin Soviet Yuri Gagarin. Iyadoo loo yaqaan adduunka oo dhan weedha ah "tagno!", Wuxuu galay kastana falagiisuu dhex saarnaa ee "Vostok-1".

Duulimaadka socday muddo gaaban - 108 daqiiqo, laakiin markan hoose ee dadka ku nool dalalka kala duwan ay dhegaysan raadiyaha iyo indhihiinna aad sii screens TV. Waxay weli ma ay garan, ugu dareemay, waxa ahmiyad ma duulimaadka oo dhan aawadiis deggan caalamka.

Waxay qaadatay waqti yar, iyo haatan mar kale ku garaacay rikoorkii meel sahamiyayaal 20-21 qarnigii. Muddada horyaalka Valeriya Polyakova la yaab leh. Saldhiga "Mir" cosmonaut Ruush badan hal sanno ku qaatay.

The dhacdooyinka ugu weyn runtan ee qarnigii 20-

Jebinta ka Earth iska, aadanaha aan la socday si ay u joojiyaan. qorayaasha Fiction ayaa buugaag ku qoran oo dadka u sahamiyaan iyo gumeysato meerayaasha kale ku qoran, filim uuraysatay bannaan ee dagaallada hore iyo meel sahamiyayaal ka hor 20-21 qarnigii tegey. Shaxda barbardhig mustaqbalka tusi doonaa sida ay ahayd horumarinta Zaman ee sahaminta bannaan.

Hammada dejinta foot on dusha sare ee jidhka ah samadu kale oo aan ahayn meeraha guriga, soo bixitaankii dhulka ee cir American dayaxa. Man guulaysanaya satellite kaliya ee dabiiciga ah ee dhulkeenna noqday Neil Armstrong Alden. Waxa uu soo dhibtay badda dajiyay xasilloonidiisii 20 July 1969.

Ka dib baadhaya maydadka soo socda samadu, cilmiga felegga ee doortay bartilmaameed cusub - Mars. Oo haatan loola cararay si uu saldhigga "Mars 2", tirsan Midowga Soofiyeeti. Iyada oo taageero ka shay abuuray by dadaalka ay dad gacmaha iyo maanka, marka hore in ay dusha sare ee Planet Cas yimid, iyo in 1983 ee American "Pioneer 10", nin-dhigay shayga ugu horeysay ka tagay xuduudaha nidaamka qoraxda.

Waxa ugu dambeeyay ee lagu ogaa in gudbinta waxyaabaha abuuray by aadanaha, ka dhulka iska ahaa la sii daayo markabka American "Voyager 1" ka baxsan nidaamka qoraxda, ka dibna, sano ka dib, ayaa gaadhay meel interstellar.

Guulaysannaa ee Space, qarnigii 20-21 th: miis la barbardhigo heerka ay ka gaareen Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Maraykanka

Shaxda Summary "guulaysannaa ee Space 20-21 qarnigii"

Gabagabadii: arakayo ee USSR ah marka la eego tirada of sahaminta meel bilaabay inuu kordhiyo 1970 oo ah qarnigii 20. Farqiga u ahaa ugu adag ee soo daahay 20 - horraantii qarnigii 21-aad.

astronautics casri ah

Qarnigii 20aad waxaa jiray xaami ah in meel bannaan, kacaanka, laakiin isxigxiga dheer ma socon doono. Horumarinta Space gaareen heer tayo leh, iyo tan iyo markaas sequentially oo aan weli baalka ku sii. Oo waa in taas la diriray ee ugu guulaysannaa of Cosmos 20-21 qarnigii. In physics aqoon habeeyay helay, koobayaa guulaha ee aragtida ah iyo cilmiga la taaban karo ka sameeyey ka baxsan qolof dhulka ee.

Mid ka mid ah tilmaamaha ugu weyn ee horumarka waxaa loo arkaa inay wanaagsan duuliyo pride iyo Markabka la module yaruna howlgallada interplanetary.

Mar Cosmos, sahamiyayaal danayn ee Cosmos ee 20-21 qarnigii. In qorshaynta physics iyo xiddigaha baaraan suurtogalnimada uu gumaysigii reer daal khayraadka dhulka ama overpopulation. Horumarinta qaybta bannaan military, halka marxaladda of satalayt basaas. duulimaadyo joogto ah iyo furayey satellite kiciyey su'aasha ah ee nadiifinta meel sare ka yimaada dhulka qashin meel.