Habeeynta ee Khrushchev iyo hawlaha siyaasadeed ee uu

Nikita Sergeevich Hruschev galay taariikhda USSR iyo Russia sida taliyaha ugu muranka, saamayn horumarinta jiho cusub ee siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda iyo gudaha ee USSR iyo wuxuu ku sameeyey baaritaan muddo toban sano ah oo boqornimadiisa dhowr dib u habaynta.

siyaasadda gudaha ee Khrushchev

dhimashada Stalin ee 1953 keentay in halgankii qarsoodi ah meel on the "carshiga", laakiin jagada xoghayaha koowaad ee Khrushchev CPSU ka tegey. At Congress ka XX-th (1956), wuxuu u sameeyey warbixin, helay resonance dunida oo dhan. mawduuca ugu weyn ee ahaa soo-gaadhista ee nidaam shakhsiyadda ee Stalin, taxay tiro ka mid ah dambiyada 30meeyada-50s. oo dhaleeceyn u adag oo ay cadaadiska. Bilowgii de-Stalinization iyo dimuqraadiyadda.

dib u habaynta Khrushchev ee

De-Stalinization lahaa, si kastaba ha ahaatee, isku xigxiga lahayn, sharafta lahayn. Sida laga soo xigtay aaminsan yihiin Khrushchev, waxa uu ahaa xukun ah nidaam ah ee Stalin iyo abuuritaanka gacanta Xisbiga ka badan xubnaha ciqaab. Waxaa dib u soo celinta sharciga iyo kala dambaynta, ku dhaqanka sharciga iyo xuquuqda dastuuriga ah ee muwaadiniinta.

dib u habaynta Khrushchev ayaa sii - habeyn ee xisbiga talada haya ayaa waxaa fuliyay dimuqraadiyadda, isbeddel ah ee shuruudaha la helo, awood siinta ururada maxaliga ah iyo Jamhuuriyadda Union. In 1957 ayuu u soo celiyey xuquuqda dadyowga tarxiilay by Stalin. Waxaa jira xubnaha cusub ee masuuliyiinta dawladda, iwm

hagaajinta nidaamyada

Isku dayga in ay tagaan keentay in dhibaato ka mid ah qaab-dhismeedka maamulka, la kordhiyo tirada saraakiisha in hababka dhaqaale ee maamulka. In 1962 wuxuu ka dhigay guuleysan ugu ah dib u habaynta ah: takhasuska ah ee ururrada xisbiga (warshadaha iyo beeraha). Country waxaa loo qaybiyaa 105 gobollada dhaqaale.

dibuhabaynta beerolay

dib u habaynta Khrushchev ayaa bilaabay la beeraha. Laga soo bilaabo 1953 si loo xoojiyo booska dhaqaale ee beeraha wadareed, size ee cashuuraha beeraha la dhimay. Beeraha ku arzaaqnayna wax deyn, yimid farsamo cusub. Bartamihii 50s-bilaabeen in ay xoojinta aan kala sooc lahayn - Isbadal galay beeraha dawladda. Markaas waxaa la abuuray iyo golayaasha dhaqaale.

yaroow ayaa la siiyey baasaboorada, waxaa la maamulo hawlgabka.

Tacaddi Corn ayaa sidoo kale qayb ka mid ah image ee Khrushchev noqday - (! ilaa North Fog) soo socda tusaale ahaan ka mid ah Maraykanka dhaqanka this bilaabay inuu nasasho meel walba dhaqan, iyo xataa meelaha ma koraan, in mabda,.

In 1954 olole la bilaabay ee horumarka ah ee dalalkan oo bikrad ah. Ku xiga sara kaco af badan si dalagga soo go'ay ah markii ugu horeysay kiciyey qiimaha iibsiga hadhuudhka sannadaha guudahaan. Laakiin nabaad guurka carrada dumay bikrad. xarunta Nonchernozem in xannibidda dhamaystiran yimid.

dib u habaynta Ciidanka Khrushchev ee

Ka dib markii socda si ay awood, wuxuu qaaday jihada kor u daaficidda iyo warshadaha culus. SA iyo raxan ka helay gantaalaha nukliyerka ah. Sida laga soo xigtay dheelitirka awoodda military ee USSR ee ay gaartay sinnaanta la Mareykanka. Waxaan ka fiirsan jihada siyaasadda horumarka ee wada noolaanshaha nabad ah dalalka of sotsstroya kala duwan.

dib u habaynta bulshada

Ka dib markii la ansaxiyo sharciga ku saabsan bixinta hawlgabka beerallayda, waxaa la go'aamiyay in la joojiyo lacagaha waxbarashada ee dugsiga sare, dugsi sideed sanno uu noqdo qasabka ah. Aasaasay caadooyinka wakhti shaqeeya, gaar ahaan - 6-saac maalintii shaqeeya dhallinyarada 16 sano jir.

Si firfircoon ballaarinta guryaha. Dhismaha Guryaha ku salaysan yahay hababka warshadaha. guryaha ee dalka kordhay 40% in toddoba sannadood! Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhismaha ayaa waxaa fuliyay in qaab, oo wuxuu u dhaadhacay ee taariikhda odes loo yaqaan "hruschoby", laakiin la waayay dhibaatooyinka guryaha.

dibuhabaynta School ayaa keentay in hal dugsi sideed sano. Si aad u hesho baahida loo qabo waxbarashada sare dhameystiran inay sii wataan waxbarashadooda dugsiga sare Polytechnic (dugsiga sare ee xirfadaha, fiidkii ama dugsiga waraaqo).

Siyaasadda Dibadda Khrushchev

xiriirka dibadda ee waagaas horumariyo style ka mid ah siyaasadaha dhaqanka ee Bolsheviks ah. jihada aasaasiga ah ee siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda waa in la xoojiyo ammaanka xuduudaha oo dhan.

xiriirada si firfircoon uga soo cusboonaaday waddamada shisheeye, muuqan in saxaafadda iyo dib u eegista wanaagsan oo ku saabsan dalalka kale. Ballaarinta xiriirka ganacsi. Tani waxaa weeyaan lacagta labada dhinac, sababtoo ah dalalka reer galbeedka si ay u helaan ballaaran suuqa alaabooyinka ay.

Ool ah u saamaysay xaaladda bilaabay dunida of satellite ugu horeysay ee aan dabiici ahayn ee 1957, cusub, da'da meel bilaabmaa. Khrushchev, oo taageere u ahaa Queen ah, waxa ay taageertaa fikradda gaadhi Maraykanka ee sahaminta bannaan.

Tani badala dheelitirka ee mudnaanta, hadda waa West ayaa in indhaha ee lagu gano Intercontinental Soviet.

In 1961. Waxaa la sameeyey "Berlin ballantaas," taas oo Khrushchev dalbaday in dhismaha derbiga u dhexeeya East iyo West Berlin. jawaab A weyn ee bulshada caalamka. Ka dib markii ay "Dhibaatada Berlin" kale ka qarxay, ee loo yaqaan "Caribbean" ama "dhibaato gantaal". Kennedy isku dayay inuu soo qabto Cuba, oo USSR dhaqaale waa, oo haatan gargaarka military, dirayaa taliyeyaal ciidan iyo farsamo, noocyo kala duwan oo hub ah. Oo ay ku jiraan gantaalaha in ku hanjabay shaqo-joojin Maraykanka. Kennedy dalbaday in si looga hortago in dheecaan ah ee gantaalaha ee Cuba, iyo Khrushchev qaaday shuruudahan.

dil Kennedy ayaa keentay in baahida loo qabo in la dhiso xiriir la Madaxweynaha Johnson. Laakiin eedeymaha ka Khrushchev ayaa lagu sameeyey mutadawacnimada, oo uu meesha ka saaray. Waxaa isaga lagu dilay iyo isku dayaan in ay jar faa'iidooyinka iyo mudnaanta shaqaalaha rayidka ah. Under Khrushchev, Midowga Soofiyeeti ayaa soo saartay nidaam maamul, si kastaba ha ahaatee, la xoojiyo aasaaska nidaamka maamul-amarka.