Isla'egta oscillations harmonic iyo muhiimadda daraasadda ee dabiiciga ah ee geedi socodka oscillatory

All harmonics leedahay muujinta a xisaabta. guryaha ay calaamad u go'an ee isla'egyada trigonometrical, kakanaanta ee wixii la goostay by kakanaanta ee geedi socodka oscillatory, guryaha nidaamka iyo deegaanka, taas oo ay ka dhacaan, i.e., arrimaha dibadda saameeya geedi socodka oscillation ah.

Tusaale ahaan, in ka shaqeyso oscillation harmonic waa dhaqdhaqaaq, taas oo ah waxa lagu gartaa:

- qof toos ah;

- sinnayn;

- dhaqaaqin meydadka jirka, taas oo dhacda by dhabbihii a Culumida ama cosine sida shaqo waqti.

Iyada oo ku saleysan guryaha, waxay keeni kartaa isla'egta oscillations harmonic, taas oo uu leeyahay qaab:

x = A sababtoo ah ωt ama foomka x = ωt dembi A, halkaas oo x - duwo qiimaha A - qiimaha Ilodanimada inayan ee oscillation, ω - Wehliyaha.

isla'egta noocan oo kale ah ee oscillations harmonic lagama maarmaan u tahay oo dhan oscillations harmonic, kuwaas oo ka wada hadlay ee kinematics iyo farsamo.

ωt Tusiyaha, taas oo formula this taagan calaamo oo ka mid ah hawlaha trigonometric, loo yaqaan wajiga iyo waxa ay tilmaamaysaa meesha uu barta mass oscillating waqti siin at Ilodanimada inayan a siiyey. Marka la fiirinayo ee isbedbedelka xilliile qayb firfircoon waa 2n, waxa uu muujinayaa tirada vibrations farsamo gudahood wareegga waqtiga iyo waa muujinaysaa w. Xaaladdan oo kale, isla'egta of oscillations harmonic waxa ku jira sida qiimaha index ah xilliile (wareeg) inta jeer ah.

Waxaan ka fiirsaneysa isla'egta of oscillations harmonic, sida aynu hore u sheegnay, karaa qaado noocyo kala duwan, waxay ku xiran tahay dhawr arrimood. Tusaale ahaan, halkan ikhtiyaarka ah. Si aad u fiirsan isla'egta kala duwan ee reer oscillations harmonic free, waa in mid ka mid tixgelin xaqiiqada ah in dhammaan ay u muuqdaan in ay attenuation. Noocyada kala duwan ee oscillation, this ifafaale u muuqato in siyaabo kala duwan: joojiyo jidh dhaqaaqaan, joojinta shucaaca ee nidaamyada korontada ah. Tusaale sahlan oo Hoos u muujinaysa of iman kara oscillatory, ay diinta ka galay falalka tamarta kulaylka.

isla'egta waxa uu leeyahay qaab: d²s / dt² + 2β x DS / DT + ω²s = 0. In formula this: s - qiimaha isbedela qiimaha taas oo calaamad u ah sifooyinka nidaam gaar ah, β - joogta ah oo muujinaya Wehliyaha Esplanaden, ω ah - inta jeer xilliile ah.

Isticmaalka caanaha tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa in hab in ay sharaxaad ka mid ah geedi socodka oscillatory in nidaamka toosan ka hal aragti, iyo sidoo kale in uu sameeyo design iyo jilitaanka ah hababka oscillatory heer tijaabo cilmiyeed.

Tusaale ahaan, waxaa la og yahay in oscillations utaagnaan at heerka ugu dambeeya ee daliilka ay joojiyaan in ay noqon harmonic, ie category ka mid ah inta jeer iyo waqti si ay u noqdaan kuwo si fudud wax aan waxba tarayn iyo sheegashooyin aan la aqoonsan yahay.

Habka classic for barashada vibrations harmonic qabata oscillator harmonic. In foomka ugu fudud waa nidaam kaas oo kuu sharaxaya isla'egta kala duwan ah oscillations harmonic: DS / DT + ω²s = 0. Laakiin kala cayncayn ah geedi socodka oscillatory si dabiici ah u keenaysaa in xaqiiqda ah in ay jiraan tiro badan oo ah oscillators. Halkan ay yihiin nooc oo waaweyn:

- oscillator il - load caadi isagoo m a mass gaar ah, kaas oo uu ganaax ku maqan on guga ah laastikada. Waxaa oscillates nooca harmonic, kaas oo lagu qeexay by the formula F = - kx.

- oscillator jirka (pendulum) - adag, oscillates agagaarka dhidibka a ma guurto ah sarkhaansan yihiin ciidan gaar ah;

- pendulum xisaabeed (in nooca ficil ahaan ma dhacaan ma aha). Waa nidaam ku dayasho fiican ka kooban jidhka oscillating jirka isagoo mass gaar ah, kaas oo uu ganaax ku maqan on a threads weightless adag.