Keniisad St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee: description iyo sawiro

Yuriev keniisad waa mid ka mid ah da'da weyn ee Russia. In la soo dhaafay, waxay ahayd xarunta ruuxiga ah, iyo haatan - hadda keniisad. Waxay ku taalaa shan kiiloomitir Veliky Novgorod agagaarka Lake Ilmen.

Taariikhda dhacdo

Sida laga soo xigtay xeerkii, keniisad ah waxaa la aasaasay 1030 by Yaroslav falsan, kuwaas oo baabtiiska quduuska ah ayaa loo magacaabay George magaca. Sidaa awgeed magaca xarunta ruuxiga ah.

The Xusuuso marka hore taariikhiga ah waxaa ka mid ah iska 1119. St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad, iyo sidoo kale dhismayaasha oo dhan waxay ahaayeen asal ahaan ka samaysan alwaax. Laakiinse sannadda isla, Emaraadka ee Prince Mstislav, kaniisadda dhagax haybad la dhigay. St. George ee Cathedral iska leh shuqullada sayidkiisa Peter ah, kuwaas oo sidoo kale abuuray Church ee Annunciation ee dejinta. Tani waa dhisaha ugu horeysay ee qadiimiga Ruush, oo magiciisa lagu sheegay taariikhda.

Tan iyo joogitaanka Prince Mstislav waqtiga ahaa ee Kiev, Cathedral St. George ee Novgorod waxaa la dhisay iyada oo ay kormeerayaan wiilkiisa Vsevolod, iyo Abbot Kyriakos of keniisad ah.

Shaqada sii kow iyo toban sannadood. Iyo ka hor dhamaadka derbiyadeeda ayaa si buuxda u daboolay frescoes gaar ah. Laba iyo tobnaad July 1130 kaniisad la daahiriyeyna waxay sharaf of Georgiya Pobedonostsa. Xaflad lagu qabtay Bishop, Yooxanaa sida Abbot Cyriac, kuwaas oo kor u helo madaxa dhismaha, ayaa ku dhintay laba sano ka hor St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad ayaa lagu soo gabagabeeyey. Frescoes isku - decoration Building - ayaa la burburiyey qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad.

muuqaalada dhismaha

Adkaada ee size, Cathedral St. George ee Novgorod, in kastoo liita kaniisadda St. Sofia, laakiin sidoo kale qeyb ka ah khasnadda ah Dr Makumbe Ruush naqshadaha. aqonsado macbudka ka tarjumaysaa aragtida ugu qurxoon of our Aabayaalkiinii Horeeyey ee wada noolaanshaha iyo qurux. Ka dib oo dhan, iyagoo aan weli dhisay qaab-dhismeedka, laakiin sida taariikhqorihii a qoray, "image of Church ee ay ku samaynaso universal."

Solutions naqshadda

St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad waa cabbir aad u cajiib ah, oo dhererkiisu ah oo ku saabsan toddoba iyo labaatan mitir, width ah oo ka badan siddeed iyo toban iyo height dhab laba iyo soddon mitir. derbiyadeeda waxaa ka mid ah dhagaxa isku qasan - isku-dar ah blocks dhagax iyo laban. saqafka Original hore sameeyey pozakomarnoy, oo daboolaya go'yaal hogaanka, laakiin markii dambe waxaa la bedelay hipped ah. Oo foomkan waxaa ku hadhay ilaa maantadan la joogo.

St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad waxaa madaxa loo saaraa taaj saddex asymmetrically diyaarin. qubbad ugu weyn ayaa loo caleemo saaray sredokrestiem, labaad, gudaha taas oo ah goobta cibaadaysiga gaar ah nolosha monastic ka laalaada, waxaa loo qabanqaabiyaa on munaarad jaranjarada square on geeska waqooyi-galbeed, iyo kii saddexaad - yar - haddii dheelitirka hore.

Like kale ee qadiimiga Ruush kaniisadaha, St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad dhow Novgorod ka dhigay sida weyn rasmi ah dhismaha. On qayb ka mid ah waqooyi-galbeed ee odayga ah Peter munaarad qaab ku filan dhigay height weyn oo jaranjarada gudaha ah in la geeyo Cathedral Polat ah. Heer Ruush naqshada la gaaray ee dhismaha ka mid ah la yaab leh in la muujin shacuurta oo ka mid ah noocyada keenay xadka of jaho, iyo sidoo kale Joogaba, ee ku qaxri jireen.

Solutions cusub

In kasta oo wada-heesid cathedral waxaa lagu dhejiyay sare oo ku filan, ay uma arko zatisnutymi hoos meelaheedii dednaaba sidaas. The galbeed iyo bari ee qaab-dhismeedka ma yihiin aagga loo siman yahay, sida in a taxadiri naqshadda la mid ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, ee sayidkaaga, kordhaya ee width of yar birahooda gudban, taas oo ah saddex jeer ka weyn yahay ee dhumucdiisuna waxay of derbiyada, Oriental dhigay dhowr jeexan.

In macbudka, sidii isag oo lagu qabtay qaar ka mid ah horyaalka heerka qolka ugu weyn, ee loogu talagalay salaadda, iyo yar yar - meesha allabariga.

Ka baxsan St. George ee Cathedral sida wayn sida gudaha. Halkan, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira aragti la yaab siman muujiyey suumanka badan diyaarin daaqadaha isku mid oo niches. Halabuurka The dhexdiisa dareemay hanti tacliimeed, ku dhowaad dismo ay sabab u tahay mugga dhismaha sinnayn iyo dhagaaxda awood ma ka waaban khadadka aad u adag.

decoration arimaha gudaha

muuqaalka casriga ah macbudka ku dhow ku filan in asalka ah, si sax ah maadaama ay ahayd qarniyo ka hor, oo aan soo arko dalxiisayaasha soo socda si Novgorod. St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad waa gudaha in ka tarjumayaa dabeecadda iyo ballan sida amiirka madaxda u ah kiniisadda iyo waqti isku mid ah. Si aad u booqato Mstislav iyo wiilkiisii Vsevolod iyo qoysaskooda waxaa lagu abaabulaa choruses waaweyn. Halkan, in dhaqan Slavic, oo waa "qolladdii".

Tani cross-domed macbudka iyo Cathedral shestistolpny waxay leedahay saddex apse meesha allabariga. Waxa kale oo jira heesta la sameeyo laba chapels: sharaf ah Annunciation la ammaano iyo laba Shuhadada quduuska Boris iyo Gleb. Nasiib darro, ee farshaxankiisa qadiimiga kabarta, kaas oo ahaa caanka ah ee qarniyadii dhexe, St. George Cathedral, saffarro maanta ku dhawaad laga badiyay. na soo gaadhay oo kaliya jajabkii yar oo qurxinta dalcadaha ornamental daaqadaha munaaraddii waqooyi-galbeed.

Doorka kaniisadda

Status, kaas oo lahaa Yuriev keniisad ee Sheeko Novgorod, waxay ahayd mid gaar ah. Iyada oo ku saleysan amiirradii Ruush sare, wuxuuna ka mid ahaa dhowr qarniyo caabudeen sida ugu horeysay ee ka mid ah muhiimadda ay leedahay xarumaha diimeed maxaliga ah. Ugu hal mar uu xitaa loo yaqaan guulaheenna St. George ee.

Tan iyo dhammaadkii qarnigii laba iyo tobnaad St. George Cathedral waa meesha final xeryo ma aha oo kaliya amiirradii Ruush, laakiin abbots ah keniisad iyo Duqa Novgorod.

Oo Rostislav Izyaslav, kuwaas oo ahaa godson ee Varlaam - In 1198 halkaan labadii wiil ee Prince Yaroslav waxaa lagu aasay. In June 1233 haray ayaa halkan keenay iyo Theodore Yaroslavich - walaalkiis oday Aleksandra Nevskogo. Kow iyo toban sano ka dib, bishii May ee 1224 ugu horreeyey, dhintay iyo hooyadood - Princess Theodosia Mstislavna. A dhowr sano ka hor, iyada oo dhimashada, ayay kaxaysay wadaad ah, sidaas darteed waxaa Yuriev keniisad yaqaan Euphrasinia. Princess waxaa lagu aasay derbiga xagga koonfureed, ee soo socota si ay u ahaa curadkii.

Ka hor inta kacaanka,

Qarnigii hore toddoba, Yuriev keniisad ba'an guuldarro ka soo gaartay ee soo duulay Swedish kuwaas oo degan Novgorod. St. George ee Cathedral ahaa gebi ahaanba la bililiqeystey. Laakiin intaas oo sannadood laga cabsado maxaabiista ah, sida uu ka markhaati chroniclers ah, Providence Ilaah kaamil ah cajiib ah oo keliya ma aha ee Novgorod, laakiin sidoo kale arrin ka mid ah oo dhan ee Russia. Waxay noqday raadinta ee Mala'igtu ee Saint barakaysan Prince Theodore Yaroslavich. About dhacdo la yaab leh this hubi inaad u sheegto dalxiisayaal halkan imanaya safar.

Marka in 1614 askari Swedish, daboolay waallidii la'aan ka badan lacag caddaan ah wax kasta oo, wuxuu bilaabay inuu qodo qabriga, waxay la rajeeyo helitaanka khasnadihii ama ugu yaraan qaar ka mid ah waxa qaali ah sifooyinkii xoogga amiirradii maxaliga ah. Waxay furay ku dhawaad oo dhan lagu aasay St. George ee Cathedral. In mid ka mid ah askartii ka helay hadhaagii incorrupt of Prince Fedor. Waxay jiideen baxay qabriga iyo saaray meydka oo uu derbiga. La rumaysan ahaa in ma Xoogaga waqti tagay jirka taagan sida qofka nool.

Marka qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad, gabadh keliya ee Tiri Alekseya Orlova-Chesmensky Anna, dhaxlay dhimashada maal badan aabbihiis ka dib, danta laga badiyay nolosha bulshada iyo waxaa ka go'an in nolosha ruuxiga ah, waa qayb weyn oo ka mid ah lacagta soo diray si loo soo celiyo St. George ee Cathedral. Archimandrite George keniisad wakhtigaas ahaa Photius, oo markii danbe wuxuu dhalay ruuxi ah iyada. Xilligan waxa uu ahaa "dahabka" for keniisad Novgorod ah.

Ayaa lagu soo celiyey ma aha oo kaliya Cathedral St. George ee, laakiin sidoo kale dhismayaasha kale, dhisay saddex dhismayaasha. Wax yar ka dib, waxaa la dhisay iyo ilaa munaaraddii kor jalaska.

ka dib markii kacaanka

Muddadan, taas oo loo gudbiyo sidii chroniclers ee Laanqayrta by Kaniisadda, St George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad sidoo kale la wadaago qaddar ee dhan Macaabidda Yuhuud kale Ruush. In 1922, markii saarida hantida kaniisadda ahayd inay xirtaan nooca buuxda ee boobka, waxaa la hoos u dhalaalay ma shot oo kaliya astaanta u keen iyo weelashii Afika, laakiin kansarka St sidoo kale lacag ah. Teoctist.

Oo kaliya jajab yar oo qiimaha loo diray ururinta museum Ruush. Marka 1929 keniisad ugu dambayntii la xiray, walaalihiis badbaaday kala firdhiyey. Bixinta socday ilaa 1935, marka, inta lagu guda jiro dib u soo celinta naqshadda, sababo aan la garanayn, Waxaa la wada baabbi'iyey by uu iconostasis toddoba-tier.

Oo markii, in December 1991, St. George ee Cathedral St. George ee keniisad oo qayb ka ah keniisad ah wuxuu ku noqday Sheeko Novgorod, waxa uu ahaa sawir aad u madow. macbudka duqoobay, taas oo ay jirto ma ahaa icon hal, abuuray maamulka dhibaato wayn, sida inaad xajisaan oo ilaaliyaan this keniisad qadiimiga ah.

maanta Cathedral

In 1995, in oonay monastic St. George ee bogsatay. Iyada oo dadaallada Archimandrite George keniisad, Archbishop of Novgorod iyo Staraya Poli, iyo sidoo kale a walaalo yar kuwaas oo u yimid halkan, inay ka shaqeeyaan, keniisad wuxuu bilaabay inuu soo nooleeyo. Waxaan ahaayeen cibaadada go'an, kaniisadaha soo celiyey, walxood rinjiga iyo dhaqaalaha ka heli.