Maandhayaha Talyaani Lombrozo Chezare: Biography, buugaagta, hawlaha iyo guulihii

Lombrozo Chezare - caan ah dambiyada, Dhakhtarkaaga iyo sociologist. Isagu waa asaasaha dugsi Talyaaniga ee cilmiga aadanaha dembiyada. In this article, oo uu Biography lagu tilmaami doonaa.

Dhalinyarada iyo waxbarashada

Lombrozo Chezare ku dhashay Verona ee 1836. qoyska wiilka uu ahaa arrin hodanka ah, sida ay leedahay wax badan oo ka mid ah dalka. In uu dhalinyarada, Cesare bartay Chinese iyo luqadaha Semitic. Laakiin waxa uu ku guuldareystay inuu mustaqbalkiisa ciyaareed ku deji. gabagabeeyo qalcadda oo lagu eedeeyay shirqool, wax amuur, ka qaybgalka dagaalka toosay in ninkii dhallinyarada ahaa oo xiiso maskaxda. article ugu horeeyay ee ku saabsan mowduuca daabacay Cesare 19 sano, marayay kuliyadda caafimaadka ee waxbarashada (University of Pavia). Waxay ka hadlay dhibaatada cretinism dhakhtarkaasi mustaqbalka. Nin dhallinyaro ah qudhiisu baray maadooyinka adag sida nadaafadda bulshada iyo ethnolinguistics. In 1862 wuxuu u dallacsiiyey in professor of daawo, iyo mar dambe - ee cilmiga aadanaha dembiyada iyo maskaxda sharci. Lombroso sidoo kale keentay rugta cudurka dhimirka. doorka A muhim in uu formation caqliga ciyaaray falsafadda ah positivism. Its postulate ugu weyn - ansixinta mudnaanta cilmiga sayniska, taas oo ay experimentally helay.

jihada anthropological

Chezare Lombrozo aasaasihii isbeddellada anthropological in sharciga dembiyada iyo criminology. Muuqaaladan ugu weyn ee habkani waa in criminology waa geli hababka sayniska dabiiciga ah - dhawrid iyo waayo-aragnimo. Oo aqoonsiga ee dembiilaha waa in ay ahaadaan xarunta daraasad.

The waxbarashada ugu horeysay cabbiraadda jirka

Waxay la qabtay in saynisyahano ee 60s ee qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad. Cesare ka shaqaynayay dhakhtarka, iyo sidoo kale ka qayb-galay shirkadda si ay u cirib burcadnimada ku yaalla koonfurta of Italy. Urureen oo ay wax tirakoobka Professor uu noqday qayb weyn horumarinta cilmiga dambiyada iyo daryeelka bulshada. saynisyahan The falanqeeyay caddaynta taaban karo oo soo gabagabeeyey in shuruudaha dhaqan-dhaqaale dadka saboolka ah oo ku yaalla koonfurta ee Italy, ka qayb qaatay dhalashada degaanka dadkan maskaxda iyo midka nooca anomalous. In si kale loo dhigo, kuwanu waa shakhsiyadda dambiyada caadiga ah. logu talagalay Tani Cesare by baaritaan maskaxda iyo cabbiraadda jirka shaaca ka qaaday. Iyadoo ku saleysan, oo waxaa looga dhigay qiimayn oo ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa dembi mustaqbalka eegaya. Uu cilmiga hab fikradeed ayaa loolan booska rasmiga ah ee Criminology, kaas oo uu dhigay mas'uuliyadda on qofka ay ku xadgudbeen sharciga.

craniography

Lombroso, ugu horeysay ee cilmi codsatay habka cabbiraadda jirka isticmaalaya craniography. Cesare qalab Tani cabiraya size ee madaxa iyo qofka la tuhunsan yahay. Natiijada waxaa la daabacay isaga by shuqulka "Anthropometry 400 dambiilayaasha", kaas oo la sii daayey ee 1872.

Fikradda ah "dambiile ah ku dhashay"

saynisyahan way diyaariyey in 1876. Waxay ahayd ka dibna uu shaqada ka tagay "Ninka dambiyada." Cesare ayaa aaminsan in dembiilayaasha aan helin, kuwaas oo ku dhashay. Taasi waa, sida ay Lombroso, dembi - sidoo kale waa arrin dabiici ah, sida dhimashada ama dhalashada. professor The garawsannay this yimid barbar natiijooyinka waxbarashada ee cilmi nafsiga aan caadi ahayn, jirka iyo anatomy Dambiilayaasha ay xogta cabbiraadda jirka. Sida laga soo xigtay isaga si, dembiilaha waa ba'ay oo ah, waxaa ka danbayso in ay horumarka ah ee horumar ah ee qofka caadiga ah. shakhsi noocan oo kale ah ma xukumi karo dhaqankooda gaarka ah, iyo sida ugu fiican - in laga takhaluso isaga, nolosha ama xorriyad loo diiday.

Waxa kale oo jira kala soocidda ka mid ah dembiilayaasha, diyaariyey by Cesare Lombroso. Noocyada dambiilayaasha, in uu ra'yi, waa: tuugag, kufsiga, tuugag iyo gacankudhiiglayaasha. Mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah waxay leedahay astaamo u dhalin nooca atavistic taas oo muujinaysa jiritaanka dalalkaasi iyo dembiyada iyo siibasho horumarinta. Professor stigmata qoondeeyey (astaamaha jirka) iyo sifooyinka maskaxda, joogitaanka kaas oo kaa caawin doona in la ogaado qofka, cilmiga la siiyey dhalashada badnaanta dembiyada. The sifooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee dembiilaha Cesare u maleeyeen jaleecada sidelong ah, daanka waaweyn, fooddiisa hooseeyo, sanka waanuu, iyo D. sidaas on. Joogitaankooda waxay suuro gelineysaa in la aqoonsado dembiilaha ka hor inta komishanka denbi laftiisa. Marka tan la eego, saynisyahan ka dalbaday in uu soo jiito garsoorayaasha ee sociologists, Aqoonyahannada iyo dhakhaatiir, iyo su'aasha ah ee xadgudubka bedeli su'aasha ah ee harmfulness ee bulshada.

By habka, xilligan cabbirka cabbiraadda jirka waxaa la sameeyey in ku dhow dalalka oo dhan ee dunida. Oo kanu waa caadi ma aha oo kaliya adeegyada ammaanka iyo ciidanka. Tusaale ahaan, aqoonta anthropometry loo baahan yahay in dhismaha walxaha rayidka iyo walxaha, iyo sidoo kale waxbarasho ee suuqa shaqada (shaqaale).

darrada aragti

Cesare Lombroso views sayniska ahaayeen arrin xagjirka ah oo aanu qaadan Karin in lagu xisaabiyo arrimaha bulshada dembi. Sidaa darteed, aragtida ah ee cilmiga la bandhigi dhaleeceyn fiiqan. Cesare xataa lahaa si aad u jilciso booskiisa u gaar ah. In shuqulladiisa ka dib, wuxuu kaalinta sida nooca anthropological dhalin,% ka mid ah dembiilayaasha 40 oo keliya. Sidoo kale, cilmiga aqoonsan muhiimadda ay leedahay in aan la iska dhaxlo - cilmiga iyo psychopathological - sababaha dembi. Iyadoo ku saleysan, waxaa la odhan karaa waa biosotsiologicheskoy aragtida ah.

"Maskaxbadan iyo waali"

Waxaa laga yaabaa in shaqada ugu caansan Chezare Lombrozo. "Maskaxbadan iyo waali" waxaa ku qornaa isaga by ee 1895. In kitaabkan, oo ah borofisar ka saareen mid ka mid ah sha ugu weyn. Waxaa lagu yiri: "hanad The - hawshan maskaxda aan caadi ahayn, kaas oo xuduud la leh psychosis suuxdin." Cesare qoray in physiologically la mid ah Sweden ka Waali si fudud waa la yaab leh. Waxay ogan reaction isku ifafaale Hawada, iyo hiddo iyo jinsi saamayn ku dhasheen si la mid ah. Sweden badan oo ahaa waali. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ahaa: Schopenhauer, Rousseau, Newton, Swift, Cardano, Tasso, Schumann, Comte, Amps iyo tiro ka mid ah fanaaniinta iyo entertainers. In lifaaqa ah si uu buugga Lombroso tilmaamay aan caadi ahayn ee Sweden dhaladii iyo Yeellay Tusaale ahaan xagga shuqullada suugaanta qorayaasha waalan.

Sociology, dembi siyaasadeed

Uu gabal ugu qiimaha badan dhaxalka qaab cilmi-baarista, Cesare tagay anshaxa this. "Xigano" essay iyo "kacaanka siyaasadeed iyo dambiga" - labadan shuqullada, qoraal ku saabsan mowduuca. shuqullada weli caansan ee cilmiga guriga. The arrin dembi siyaasadeed waxa uu ku baahay ee Italy 19-20 qarnigii qaab argagixisada qaswadayaasha ah. Professor u baaro in aragtida, ka fiirsaneysa inay dembiilaha, kuwaas oo selflessly Nagi si fiican u lkn ee caddaaladda bulshada. dabiiciga ah ee cilmiga dabeecada sida sharaxay qiimo dhaca oo ka mid ah gool sare ee caddaaladda bulshada, musuqmaasuqa siyaasiyiinta iyo dhibaatada of democracy in Baarlamaanka Talyaaniga.

shaqo kale oo caan ah Cesare Lombroso - "Love in waalan ee." Waxay shaaca ka qaaday muujinta dareenka dadka maskaxda ka jirran.

Hordhac in la xakameeyo reactions nafsaaniga ah

Cesare Lombroso, kuwaas oo buugaagta lagu yaqaan dunida oo dhan, waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah ugu horeysay ee loo isticmaalo kimikada si ay u gaaraan jirka. In 1880, saynisyahano bilaabay cabbiraadda garaaca wadnaha tuhmanayaasha iyo cadaadiska dhiigga inta ay socoto su'aalaha. Sidaas darteed, wuxuu si fudud u aqoonsan karaa dembiyada iman kara jiifo ama ma. qalab loogu talagalay cadaadiska lagu qiyaaso iyo garaaca wadnaha lagu magacaabo ...

plethysmograph

In 1895, Lombrozo Chezare daabacay natiijada helay ka dib markii codsiga ah alaabta shaybaarka lagu jiro imtixaan. In mid ka mid ah waxbarashada, kuwaas oo ah borofisar loo isticmaalo "plethysmograph". Tijaabada dhacay sida soo socota: tuhunsan yahay dilka doonayeen inay ka dhigi maanka taxane ah oo xisaabta ah. Xaaladdan oo kale, qalab ku xiran diiwaan garaaca wadnaha. Markaas dambiilayaasha iman kara ayaa muujiyay dhowr sawirada carruurta ku dhaawacmeen (iyaga ka mid ah waxaa uu ahaa sawir ka mid ah gabadha la dilay). Xaaladda hore, uu garaaca wadnaha booday, oo kii labaadna wuxuu ahaa ayaa ku dhow inay iska caadi ah. From Cesare this soo gabagabeeyey in aan eed lahayn eedaysanaha. Iyo natiijooyinka baaritaanka ayaa xaqiijisay in uu xaq u ahaa. Waxay u badan tahay in uu ahaa qofkii ugu horreeyey ee la diiwaan geliyey in suugaanta ee isticmaalka been-dhaanta, taas oo keentay in ay sii deynta. Oo isna wuxuu sheegay in la socodka dareen diidmo jir aadanaha ma aha oo kaliya muujin kartaa macluumaadka iyaga qarinaayay, laakiin sidoo kale in la dhiso aan eed lahayn.

Saynisyahanka ku dhintay Turin ee 1909.

Lombroso ee Russia

fikradaha professor Criminology ayaa si weyn loo yaqaan ee dalkeenna. Waxay ku matalayo la tiro ka mid ah uu noolaa iyo koob posthumous of Cesare Lombroso: "Naag-dembiyeed oo dhillo ah", "Anti-Nacayb", "xigano," iwm In 1897, saynisyahan u Congress of dhakhaatiir Ruush lahaa dhaweynta xamaasad Talyaani yimid. In qorkiisa uu, Cesare ka muuqataa mudadaas uu Biography. Wuxuu ku cambaareeyey si bulshada si waxshinimo ah booliska Ruush ( "dabiiciga ah ee xakamaynta, damiirka, fikirrada shakhsiyadda") iyo-talisnimo.

Lombrozianstvo

Ereyga waxaa si weyn loo qaybiyey muddada Soviet iyo jihada dugsiga loo qoondeeyey anthropological sharciga dembiyada. Gaar ahaan dhaleeceeyay waxbarista dambi Cesare A dhashay. bedeel Soviet rumeysan yahay in hab noocan ah waa lid ku ah mabda'a sharciga, iyo sidoo kale wacyi-socodnimo iyo anti-qaran tan iyo cambaareeyay tallaabada kacaan dadka faa'idaysto. Noocan oo kale ah hab fikirka eexda indha tiray professor mudnaanta badan gees u daraasadda sababaha asalka u ah noocyada dibad iyo xagjirka ah ee halganka bulshada.

gunaanad

In kasta oo qalad iyo cabashooyinkaaga cadaalad ah caqiidada qaar ka mid ah aragtida, Lombrozo Chezare - mid ka mid ah aqoonyahaniinta ugu weyn ee qarnigii sagaal iyo tobnaad. Waxa uu ahaa horyaal ah in hordhaca ah ee sayniska sharciga ah ee hababka Ujeedada. Laakiin uu shaqada la siiyey wadadii weyn horumarinta cilmi nafsiga sharci iyo criminology.