Macrolides - antibiotics / sifooyinka guud iyo codsiga

Macrolides - antibiotics, qaab-dhismeedka oo shaaca ka qaaday giraanta lactone macrocyclic. Waxay ku xiran tahay tirada atamka carbon kala 14-membered (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, erythromycin), 15-membered (azithromycin), 16-membered (josamycin, midecamycin, spiramycin). Waxyaabahani waa ugu firfircoon dhinaca dulin intracellular (chlamydia, mycoplasma, Legionella, Campylobacter) iyo cocci Gram-positive (aureus, piogenez). Macrolides - antibiotics ka tirsan xeryahooda sun ah ugu yaraan.

Dhawaan ayaa waxaa la kordhiyo iska caabin microbial in tallaabada of class this daroogada. cadaymaha cilmiga muujinaysaa in mararka qaarkood macrolides 16-membered (midecamycin, josamycin, spiramycin) hayn hawlaha ka dhanka ah streptococci pyogenic iyo PNEUMOKOCKER, adkaysi u 14-membered (clarithromycin, roxithromycin, erythromycin), oo 15-membered (azithromycin) wakiilada dawooyinka. Macrolides - daroogada in u dhaqmaan on the diphtheria iyo pertussis, Legionella, Campylobacter, Moraxella, Listeria, Chlamydia, spirochetes, mycoplasmas, ureplazmu. Waa in la ogaadaa in sheyga ka tirsan qoyska Pseudomonas iyo Enterobakteriatsea leeyihiin iska caabin ah oo dabiici ah oo dhan macrolides.

hab of action

Daroogooyinka in kooxdan ku xadgudba biosynthesis ee borotiinada on ribosomes unugyada microbial. Macrolides - antibiotics, kuwaas oo muujiyaan saamayn bacteriostatic. Marka uu u xilsaarayo qaadasho ugu badnaan muujiyaan waxqabad bactericidal ka dhanka ah pneumococcus, gawracatada iyo xiiqdheerta. Daawooyinkan waxaa sidoo kale muujiyaan laga yaabaa in saameyn immunomodulatory iyo anti-bararka.

Daawooyinkan waxaa diyaar u nuugo in mareenka calool-ka, oo ay saamayn adsorption of fiirsashada bioactive walax in diyaarinta, foomka qiyaasta, sidoo kale ay goobjoog ka ahaayeen cuntada iyo lacagta. Cuntada si weyn u yaraynaysaa bioavailability ee erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin iyo medikamitsina, iyadoo gebi ahaanba aan waxtar lahayn on bioavailability ee spiramycin, josamycin iyo clarithromycin.

Macrolides - antibiotics, kuwaas oo fiirsashada ee plasma aad uga yar marka la barbar dhigo dhar. Sidaa darteed waxay sidoo kale ugu baaqay antibiotics unugyada. jiil cusub oo macrolides si fudud loo xidho borotiinada plasma. Heerka ugu sareeya ee protein plasma qabanaya arkay la rodomiksinom (90%), ugu hooseeya - la spiramycin (in ka yar 20%). daroogada macrolide yihiin si aad u wanaagsan loo qaybiyey jidhka oo dhan, abuurista uruuray ugu badan ee xubnaha kala duwan iyo unugyada. Waxay si fudud u geli karo xuub gacanta, la abuuro a raasamaal intracellular yarna.

alaabta dheefshiidka inta badan oo ka soo jeeda ee bile iyo kaadida. Ka dib isticmaalka antibiotics waxay leedahay waxyeelo sida madax xanuun, lalabo, matag, shuban, tabar guud, qidmeyntii, dareen diidmo oo xasaasiyadeed. Antibiyootikada ayaa sheegay in kooxdu ay maamusho leh cudurrada faafa ee sare (hogaga ba'an, tonzillofaringit Streptococcus) iyo hoose (pneumonia atypical, boronkiitada chronic)-haweedka, pertussis, diphtheria, waraabowga, Chlamydia, venereum lymphogranuloma, periostitis, periodontitis, finan daran, kampilobakterioznom caloosha, toxoplasmosis cryptosporidiosis.

Waa aan loo baahnayn in la qoro antibiotics, kuwaas oo inta lagu guda jiro uurka. Cilmi ahaan la xaqiijiyey saamaynta xun ee clarithromycin on uurjiifka. Josamycin, spiramycin iyo erythromycin aadan lahayn saamayn waxyeello on ilmaha caloosha ku, si ay loo isticmaali karaa xitaa inta lagu guda jiro uurka. Azithromycin mar waxaa loo isticmaalaa in kiiska ka mid ah xaaladaha degdegga ah. Inta badan oo ka mid ah-macrolide daroogada galo caanaha hooyada. Inta lagu jiro muddada naasnuujinta waxaa fiican in ay ka fogaadaan isticmaalka antibiotics, kuwaas oo.