Madaxweynaha Martin Van Buren: Biography

Madaxweynaha Mustaqbalka US Martin Van Buren waxa uu ku dhashay 1782. Wuxuu ku dhashay tuulada Kinderhuk. Waxay ahayd magaalada Dutch aan ka fogayn New York. Martin aabihii ahaa milkiilaha addoon iyo milkiilaha tavern ah. Iyada oo asal ahaan Van Buren la xiriira qaar ka mid ah "diiwaanka madaxtooyada." Tusaale ahaan, waxa uu ahaa madaxa kaliya American ee gobolka, afkooda hooyo ahayn Ingiriisi, iyo Dutch luqadda. Sidoo kale, Martin Van Buren ahaa madaxweynihii ugu horeeyay ee ku dhashay New Independent States ah.

khibradiisa siyaasadeed

In 1821, Van Buren loo doortay si aqalka Guurtida. ka xisbiga Democratic-Republican ee New York ayuu ku orday. The salaysan qorshahiisa siyaasadeed ahaa cashuurta sare iyo dhaleeceyn soo jeedinta in la siiyo dalalka ay dalkii lahaa gobolka oo dhan.

Martin Van Buren ahaa associate Endryu Dzheksona. Marka in 1829 uu noqday madaxweynaha Maraykanka, wuxuu kaloo sameeyey xoghayaha Senator ee gobolka. In Buren lahaa wax badan oo isku dhacyada asxaabta. Taas darteed, laba sano ka dib Jackson isaga loo magacaabay danjiraha London. Si dhakhso ah siyaasi ku soo laabtay dalkiisa (in ka dalbaday in Senate). In 1832, Martin Van Buren mar ahaa musharax u ah madaxweyne ku xigeenka hoos Andrew Jackson. Xisbiga ku guuleystay doorashada. Ka dib markii in, Van Buren afar sano oo kale uu ahaa qofka labaad ee gobolka.

Doorashada Madaxweynaha

In 1836 Van Buren qudhiisu madaxweynenimo u tartamay oo ku guulaystay saddex horjeeda, wuxuu noqday bedelka si Jackson. jago ee Xafiiska Oval ah , uu ku biiray bishii March ee 1837. Van Buren ceshan in jagooyinka muhiimka ah ee dawladda ee ku dhow dadka oo dhan in ka yar isaga ka horeeyay shaqeeyay ah.

Dowladda New-jir ah u lahaa in la cawaaqibka argagax in 1837 qabtaan - waa magaca rasmiga ahayd biloowday in dhibaatada US dhaqaale. Dhibaatadu waxay gaadhay heerkii ugu sarreeyay marka, shan sano ee u dhicii dalka ka daba tegey bangiyada dhowr kacda iyo baaxadda shaqo la'aanta gaadhay heer record.

Dhibaatooyinka iyo Guuldarrooyin

Sida Madaxweynaha, Martin Van Buren aad u difaacay canshuuraha hoose iyo ganacsiga xorta ah. dareenka ugu weyn ee uu siiyo dhibaatooyinka South American ah, kuwaas oo taageero ahaa muhiim si ay u ilaaliyaan awoodda xisbiga Dimuqraadiga. The Head of State uu karin inuu abuuro nidaam bond ah, kuwaas oo ujeedada ahayd si ay ula qabsadaan deynta qaranka.

Inkastoo dadaalka Van Buren, xisbiga uu Democratic ahaa ee dhibaataysan. Waxay ahayd ku daatay ay keentay kala ee ra'yigaaga ku saabsan sida loola macaamilo dhibaatada dhaqaale. natiijo A si toos ah khilaafka this gudaha ahaa failure madaxweynaha isku dayaysa in ay keenaan nolosha fikradda ah "Independent Maaliyadda." Sida laga soo xigtay Van Buren, waxaa lagama maarmaan ahayd, waayo, dalka ay u kala soocaan maaliyadda dawladda ee bangiyada degganayn. In 1840, xisbiga kala qaybsan Democratic diiday hindise-sharciyeedka, taas oo ahayd guul dilaa siyaasadda ee Aqalka Cad.

addoonsiga

Iyadoo Van Buren shaqeeyay Senate, uu u codeeyay ay guushu ku ah dadaallada la-dagaallanka addoonsiga firfircoon (tusaale ahaan, xaqiiqada ah in Missouri aan la aqoonsan dalalka addoon). All this siiyey siyaasadda sumcad qaarkood. In 1848, wuxuu noqon karaa musharax madaxweyne oo ka mid ah "Ciid Free Party" (waxay u taagan tahay baabiiyo complete addoonsiga).

In kasta oo isku xigxiga hore, isagoo noqday madaxa gobolka, Van Buren ayaa xoogaa ay booska ka bedelay. Sida Madaxweynaha, wuxuu rumaysan yahay in addoonsiga ma aha oo kaliya xayirayo by Dastuurka, laakiin sidoo kale ka muuqo saxda ah. Xataa hawlgabka, ayuu mar kale dhaleeceeyay addoonsiga booska uu ka dadka madow. Tan iyo markii Van Buren qudhiisu dhab ahaa Dutch, laga soo bilaabo yaraantooda wuxuu bartay in ay dadka ka mid ah kooxaha qowmiyadaha iyo bulshada kala duwan xiriiraan. Taasi waa sababta ay tahay in siyaabo badan oo uu guulo ku jira marxalad hore ee mustaqbalkiisa siyaasadeed, marka la isticmaalayo jiidashada gaar ah u sameeyey si uu Aqalka Cad. Inta lagu guda jiro madaxtinimada ee Van Buren ahaa fallaago addoon caan ah oo ku saabsan markabka "Amistad" (dhacdadan waxaa ka go'an in filimka eponymous Stivena Spilberga).

Ku guuleysiga Harrison

In 1840 Van Buren mar kale noqday musharaxa xisbiga Dimuquraadiga doorashadii cusub. Isla mar ahaantaana, shirkadda sii waday in lagu eedeeyo Madaxweynaha ee xaaladda adag ee dhaqaalaha iyo failure, si loo saxo xaaladda this. Horeba ee degmooyinka hoose muujisay in ay caanka ah ee xisbiga ayaa si xad dhaaf hoos u dhacay. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Martin Van Buren, kuwaas oo Biography u muuqatay in labada dhinac ugu aqbali karo, wuxuu ahaa musharax u ah dib-u-doorashada Aqalka Cad.

soo horjeeda ugu weyn ee madaxweynaha soo baxay General Uilyam Garrison, oo matalayay Whigs ah. Van Buren ka adkaadeen. Dhaheysid Aqalka Cad, uu sheegay in uu u gargaartay in uu naftiisa u ahaa arooskooda laba maalmood ah, maalintii uu soo galay Xafiiska Oval ah, oo maalinta markii uu ka tagay.

Farsamada yaabka leh laygu, Marwada Koowaad ee Mareykanka ee 1837-1841 ee. Waxa aan ahaa naagtii qofka ugu horeeya, iyo gabadhiisa. Martin Van Buren, kuwaas oo qoyska ka badbaaday musiibadan ee 1819kii, wuxuu noqday carmal ah dhimashada u tegey naagtiisii Xannaah ka dib. Madaxweynaha ayaa ahaa ina Ibraahim. Xaaskiisa, Angelica (Madaxweynaha gabadhii) oo noqday Lady koowaad. Tani waxa ay ahayd dhacdo aan caadi ahayn ee taariikhda Mareykanka.

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay

Ka dib markii xoog badiyay, Van Buren ayaa dhowr jeer isku dayay inuu ku guuleysto doorashada madaxtinimada. Dhamaan iyaga ka mid ah ku guuldareystay. Inkasta oo inta badan soo horjeeda addoonsiga ee 1850naadkii biiray xisbiga cusub ee Jamhuuriga, Madaxweynihii hore ma saas ha yeelin oo ku sugnaa gudaha dalka madaxda sare ee xisbiga. In 1852 wuxuu taageeray magacaabista Franklin Pierce, iyo in 1856 - James Buchanan.

Markii Dagaalkii Maraykanka Civil bilaabay, Van Buren ayaa saxaafadda u sheegay in uu daacad u Union (sida dalalka waqooyiga). Waxa uu sidoo kale noqday jaalle ee Lincoln, kuwaas oo isku dayay in ay joojiyaan khilaaf la Koonfurta. In 1861, caafimaadka Van Buren ayaa waxay bilaabeen inay sii xumaanayso. In xilliga dayrta, wuxuu yimid isagoo pneumonia. July 24, 1862 siyaasiga u dhintay cudurka neefta at da'da 79 sano. Madaxweynaha Sideedaad Mareykanka waxaa lagu aasay hooyo Kinderhuke (ibid uu qaraabo dhow oo dhan lagu aasay).

Waxaa cajiib ah in taariikhda caan ka tagay Martin Van Buren Bates kale. Wuxuu ahaa Rafaa aheyn (la koritaanka of 241 centimitir), kuwaas oo ku noolaa qarnigii XIX oo noqday mahad caan ah si loogu meero oo adduunka ah. waxay iskaga qasnee madaxweynaha, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa qalad.