Maxaa go'aamiso set oo ah aag-sare sare? suunka High-sare ee Caucasus

Dhismaha goobaha altitudinal of Caucasus - ugu dhamaystiran marka la barbardhigo buuraha kale oo Ruush. Sida laga soo xigtay khubaro UNESCO Heritage World, gobolka waxa lagu gartaa kala duwanaanta cajiib ah oo ah cilmi dhul, la lafaguro iyo noocyada, waxa ku jira wadooyin ballaaran oo kayntana waxba buurta loo igmaday gaar ah la miisaamayo Yurub. Ka fiirso tusaale ahaan ka mid ah nidaamka buurta grand, taas oo go'aan ka go'an of zone-dhaadheer. Ina keena aynu aragno sida ay dadku u isticmaalaan xaaladaha dabiiciga ah iyo ilaha dhaqaale ee kasta oo ka mid ah goobaha toosan.

suumanka Altitudinal ee buuraha

xuduuddadhulka Vertical - ama zone-sare sare - hannaankii juqraafi, taas oo u muuqato in isbedel ah ee beelaha warshadda ka dooxada ku taal dusheeda. Kala duwan ka loolka ee iskhilaafka of meelaha dabiiciga ah ee ku yaal bannaanka, taas oo ay sababtay hoos u dhac ku yimid qaddarka lacagta ee shucaaca qoraxda ka dhulbaraha inay ulaha laga gelin lahaa. set A ka buuxa goobaha-sare sare waxaa loo soo bandhigay in kuwa buuraha dhaadheer, oo waxay ku yaalaan meelaha ay Equatorial iyo kulaylaha. Waxaan ku qor dhammaan suurto gal dabiiciga toosan (ka cagta ugu sareysa):

1. kaynta Equatorial qoyan (ilaa height a of 1200 mitir).
2. kaymaha Mountain.
3. kaymaha buurta High (3000 m).
4. Undersized, geedaha qaloocin, ku xoortay geedihii (ilaa 3800 m).
5. Alpine Meadows (4500 m).
6. cidla Rocky, dhagaxyada madhalays.
7. Snow, glaciers buurta.

Maxaa go'aamiso set oo ah aag-sare sare?

goobaha sare jiritaanka lagu sharaxay by hoos heerkulka, cadaadiska, iyo huurka la kordhiyo height. Air at kor u kaceen boqolkiiba 1 km waxaa la qaboojiyey by celcelis ahaan 6 ° C. 12 m ee height kasta hoos u dhac cadaadiska Hawada of 1 mm Hg.

In buuraha, oo waxay ku yaalaan ka kala fogfog dhulbaraha, xuduuddadhulka toosan si weyn u kala duwan yihiin. On isku loolka sida mararka qaarkood waxaa jira nidaamyo kala duwan oo dabiici ah.

Waxaan ku qor, taas oo go'aan ka go'an of zones-sare sare, waxa xaaladaha cimiladu saamaynayaan ay formation:

• booska juquraafi buuraha. The u dhaw dhulbaraha, ugu weyn ee goobaha toosan.
• Dhulka hoose inta badan waa mashquul bulshada dabiiciga ah, taas oo ka taliso bannaanka ku wareegsan.
• height ee buurta. Ka badan ay ka sarreeyaan, la ballamay doonee, ee suunka. Shishe ka latitudes diiran oo buuraha hoose, meelaha hoose (Urals North waxaa 1-2 oo kaliya).
• dhawaanshaha ee badaha iyo moolalka, kaas oo la sameeyay ka badan hawada diiran oo qoyan.
• Saamaynta of mass hawada qalalan qabow ama diiran ka yimid qaaradda.

isbedelka taagan goobaha dabiiciga ah ee buuraha reer Caucasus Galbeed

Waxaa jira suunka-sare sare ee Caucasus, la xiriira laba nooc oo xuduuddadhulka toosan: qaaradda iyo xeebaha (badda). labaad waxaa wakiil ka ah ee buuraha reer Caucasus Galbeed, kulma saameynta ay ku Atlantic, hawada badda qoyan.

Waxaan ku qor suunka-sare sare ugu weyn ee ka foothills si danbow ah:

1. Meadow steppe busta interruptible geedkii, hornbeam, ash (100 m).

2. Forest Zone.

• Broadleaf kaynta montane (ilaa 600 m). geedaha Mararka dhilka (gran, waxaa laga helaa aagga this beroosh Caucasian). Meelaha qaarkood waxay u eg undergrowth canbaha qoyan fareen taas oo canabka ah u koraan, sharxay, yew, Laurel.
• Belt kaymaha isku dhafan (ka sarreeya 1200 m).
• Dark daaqsinka kaynta dhilka.

3. tifqaan qalloocan oo dhaadheer subalpine (sare 2000 m).

4. cawska yar seeraha Alpine, dhirta dawanno hodan, badarka iyo dallada.

5. zone nival (at height a of 2800-3200 m).

erayga Nivalis Latin tarjumay sida "qabow." In this zone, laakiin u dhashay ayaa dhagaxayga weyn, barafka iyo barafka, waxaa jira dhirta Alpine: buttercups, primroses, muuska iyo kuwa kale.

zone High-sare ee Caucasus Eastern

In bari, waxaa jira dhowr kale suunka-sare sare oo ka mid ah Caucasus, kaas oo inta badan loo yaqaan xuduuddadhulka qaarado ah ama nooca Dagestan toosan. In dooxada ee semi-caadi ah, kuwaas oo bedelay deel engeg ah ku badan yihiin a of cows iyo sagebrush. Kor yihiin jiqda ku xoortay geedihii xerophytic, daaqsinka kaynta dhif. Alpine Next zone dabiiciga ah wakiil cidlada buurta, badarka grassland. On dalcadaha qayb ka qaata hawada qoyan ee Atlantic ah, waxaa jira kaymaha geedaha ballaadhan irdo (geedkii, hornbeam iyo Beech). The suunka kaynta Caucasus Eastern waxaa lagu bedelaa subalpine iyo Alpine seeraha iyadoo ku badan yihiin dhirta xerophytic at sare ah oo ku saabsan 2800 m (ee Alps ee xuduudda ee aaga this waxa uu ku yaalaa at sare ah ee 2200 m). zone Nival kordhiyay at height of 3600-4000 m.

Isbarbardhigga goobaha altitudinal of East iyo West Caucasus

Number goobaha sare East Caucasus ka yar West, ay sabab u tahay saamaynta on formation of meelaha dabiiciga ah ee buuraha reer tacsida hawada, muuqaalka guud ee dhulka, iyo arrimo kale. Tusaale ahaan, hawada diiran oo qoyan Atlantic ku dhowaad ma geli bari, waxa xajisto xigtaa ugu weyn. Isla mar ahaantaana aysan u hesho hawada qoraxda qabow ee qaybta galbeed ee Caucasus.

The kala duwan ugu weyn ee dhismayaasha dhaadheer oo ka mid ah goobaha Eastern Caucasus ka West ah:

• joogitaanka semi-cidlada ee dooxada ah,
• suunka hoose steppe qalalan,
• zone kaynta cidhiidhi ah;
• jiqda xerophytic ay duurka xadka hoose ee suunka kaynta,
• ma zone kaynta dhilka
• Steppe in qayb buurta dhexdhexaad ah oo dheer;
• ballaarinta zone buur-berrin bannaan;
• sare barafka goobta iyo glaciers.
• Dhirta kaynta kaliya dooxooyinka,
• ku dhowaad marnaba dhici noocyada geed dhilka.

dhaqdhaqaaqa dhaqaale ee dadka

Halabuurka The oo ka mid ah meelaha dabiiciga ah ee Caucasus ee ay sabab u tahay isbedel ku koobin cimilada nidaamka buurta gudahood laga bilaabo salka to top iyo xagga galbeed iyo bari. Ogaanshaha waxa ay ku xiran tahay set oo ah aag-sare sare, waxaa la ogaadaa in gobolka uu leeyahay cufnaanta dadweynaha sare, gaar ahaan on xeebta Badda Madow. Bannaankii steppe bacrin ah Ciscaucasia ku dhowaad si buuxda loo xaaqay oo degan dalagga firileyda iyo dalagyo qaraha, Geedkeeda, beeraha canabka ah. Horumariyo beeraha dadka fareen, oo ay ku jiraan beerista shaah ah, liinta, fersken iyo iniinta. Wabiyaal Mountain leeyihiin reserve weyn oo xoogga biyaha, loo isticmaalo waraabka meelaha gacmeed. Steppe, semi-lamadegaanka iyo seeraha daaqa yihiin. In macdanta iyo dhir suunka qaadeen goosashada.

All suunka dhaadheer ee Mountains Caucasus leeyihiin fursado ku filan dalxiiska. Nidaamka oo safafka buurta dhexdhexaad iyo sare daboolay kaymaha, glaciers iyo barafka, soo jiidata taageerayaasha barafka iyo snowboarding. Wadooyinka lug dhagaxyada laga gudbo, dalcadaha Buur baraf qariyey Wabiyaal buurta. Hawo nadiif yahay kaymaha isku qasan, Bbc picturesque, badda xeebteeda - khayraadka ugu muhiimsan ee madadaalo ee Caucasus.