Mikhail Friedman: A Biography, hawlaha, qoyska

Mikhail Fridman (ku dhashay April 21, 1964) - ganacsade weyn oo Ruush ah oo asal ahaan Yuhuudda. Isagu waa Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Kormeerka ee "Alfa-Group", mid ka mid ah shirkadaha ugu weyn maalgelinta gaarka loo leeyahay ee Russia. In 2014, "Forbes" magazine ayaa lagu qiyaasay in uu maal at $ 15.6 billion, waxa labaad ee ka mid ah samaynta ragga ugu taajirsan ee Russia. Sidee Xaaladda noocan oo kale ah soo gaadhay Mikhail Fridman? Biography, qoyska oo uu ku dhashay iyo ku soo koray - kuwaas oo caawin doona akhristaha fahmo asalka ah ee ay guusha hadda.

Carruurnimada iyo qaangaarka

Biography Mihaila Fridmana bilaabay, sida malaayiin wiilasha kale ee Soviet. Waxa uu ku dhashay oo ku koray ee Lviv, Ukraine. Waalidkiis, horay dadka waayeelka ah, waxay ahaayeen injineero, iyo aabbihiis waxaa la guddoonsiiyey State USSR ee Prize ee horumarka ah oo alaabta muusikada ah navigation waayo diyaarad military. Waxay ahaayeen kuwo aad u farxay markii qoyska u dhashay wiil ugu da'da yaraa. Mikhail Fridman carruurnimada kala duwanaayeen qiiro sayniska. Inta lagu guda jiro waxbarashada uu, uu si joogta ah ku guuleystay Olympiads dugsiga ee physics iyo xisaabta.

In Lviv, Migaretionka qalin jebin dugsiga sare ee 1980. Ka dibna - in Moscow ... wuxuu galay Institute Moscow ee Steel oo Alloys. Qaar badan oo ka dhacay nolosha dadka guursaday arday badan. Ma baxsaday masiirka iyo Mikhail Fridman. Xaaska, Irkutyanka Olga ahaa fasalka Michael.

Arday ahaan, marka hore u muuqataa oo isku xigta ganacsi. Wuxuu noqonayaa qabanqaabiyaha diskotigyada dhalinyarada, Yeedhaan fannaaniin iyo bards ee bixinta ajuurada ay.

Start ee xirfadiisa ganacsi

Ka dib markii qalin 1986, Misa, Mikhail Fridman, wuxuu bilaabay ka shaqeeya dhirta "Elektrostal" ee magaalada eponymous dhow Moscow. Laakiin waxaa la qaadan markii uu waqti, oo markuu u yimid, Friedman ma seegi xilligan wanaagsan.

In 1988, wuxuu bilaabay ganacsi iyadoo la abuurayo koox ka mid ah asxaabta ka Institute of iskaashi nadaafadda, taas oo ahayd tii u doonanayd in lagu dhaqo daaqadaha, halkaas oo uu ardayda jaamacadaha kala duwan loo isticmaalo, wuxuuna iyaga siiyey fursad ay u helaan dakhli dheeraad ah.

Bilowga "Alfa"

Oo ay la socdaan Jarmal Khan, Alekseem Kuzmichevym iyo Petrom Avenom Mihail Fridman 1989 ayay aasaasay shirkadda ganacsi "Alpha-photo", oo iibiya alaabta for sawir, kombiyuutarada, iyo kaliya ka dibna u muuqday suuqa Soviet weli koobiga.

Soon, caasimadda hore wxbarashada on ganacsiga qalabka xafiiska, Friedman badalato si ay salka u ah dhamaan badeecadaha Ruushka oligarchs - saliid. qalab A waayo, waxaa iyaga ka qabashada dibadda for our geesi waa shirkad Soviet-Swiss "Alfa-Eco" - noocooda ah mustaqbalka "Alfa Group".

horumarinta shirkadda tagaa on nidaamka caasimadda Ruush classical: socodka badeecooyinka dibadda u soo diray, alaabta birta ku daray, mugga macaamil yimaadaan si heer sida in qaab-dhismeedka ganacsiga Friedmann 1991 waxaa leedahay "Alfa-Bank", kuwaas oo guddiga ka mid ah agaasimayaasha uu iyo madaxdoodii.

gaarka ah ee TNK - mustaqbalkiisa ganacsiga ugu sarreysa, Friedman iyo K °

Dhab ahaantii, sheeko this u qalmaa waxbarasho gaar ah. Laakiin si kooban waa sida soo socota. In the 90s bartamihii dowladda markaas Ruush "razdergivaet" si Qaybo "Rosneft" dawladdu leedahay ee - bedelka si Minneftegazproma USSR. "Rosneft" dhaadheer tidbits ugu la xidhiidha wax soo saarka saliidda (iyo beeraha saliid Nizhnevartovsk Tyumen) iyo turxaan (Ryazan Warshadani). Waxay ka mideysan yihiin shirkadda cusub ee la abuuray, kaasoo noqda Shirkadda Tyumen Oil (TNK), ganacsi ka dibna ay dawladdu leedahay ee. Isla markiiba ku dhawaaqay oo jilicsan gaar saddex shirkadood - codsadayaasha TNCs, kaas oo madax u ah u fiican ganacsato "Ruush" waqtiga: Mikhail Fridman ( "Alfa Group"), V. Vekselberg ( "Renova") iyo L. Blavatnik (Access Industries). Si ay u fududaato si ay ula falgalaan midba midka kale in geeddi-socodka gaar, waxay ka mideysan yihiin dallad ka Alfa Access Renova (Aar), kaasoo noqda 1997, milkiilaha TNK lix iyo toban sannadood.

Company Oil Tyumen: agagaarka ordaya ee 16 sano dhererkeedu

Inta lagu jiro wakhtigan, milkiilayaasha badan naprinimali xal ", Faynuus". First, 2003, waxay Ciyaalle la neftekorporatsiey "British Petroleum", "TNK-BP" in qaab-dhismeedka si wadajir ah, ka dibna sanadkii 2008 si uu u dhinto dirireen la-hawlgalayaasha British, si ay xataa cadhoonina "niyadda" Maxkamada Sare ee London.

Ugu dambeyntii, hoggaanka Ruush waxa uu noqday cad in dhibaatada dhaqaale ee caalamka waa isticmaalka milkiilayaasha, "TNK-BP" maayo, iyo in 2013 shirkad dawladdu leedahay isku wada mid "Rosneft" iibsadeen milkiilayaasha British iyo Ruush saamiyada ay ganacsi muddo dheer dhibaatada. Qofna ma odhan doonaan muwaadiniinta Ruushka, laakiin sanadkii 1997 bixisay dowladda Ruush waayo lahaanshaha gaarka ah ee TNK Friedman - Vekselberg - Blavatnik. Laakiin halkan waa sida loo bixiyo waa iibka ah ee "Rosneft" ee 2012-13, waxaa si fiican u yaqaan :. British qaaday $ 16,65 bilyan, iyo dallad Aar ah - sida ugu badan ee $ 27,73 bilyan, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in la-hawlgalayaasha ay leedahay qiyaastii 50% shirkada la xoojiyey.

Sida loo qaybiyo lacag dhexdooda Friedman - Vekselberg - Blavatnik qofna ma oga. Laakiin idinkoo xukumaya by xaqiiqada ah in ugu horeysay oo iyaga ka mid ah oo ku saabsan soo baxa ka sale ee Europe aasaasay cusub ganacsi - group maalgelinta «L1 Group", ayuu kuma ay sii socon khasaare ah.

Waa maxay boqortooyadiisa ganacsiga maanta Friedman?

Marka hore, kooxda maalgelintan, kuwaas oo hadda gacanta ku hayso ee "Alfa-Bank" (bangi gaar loo leeyahay ugu weyn Russia ee), oo ay ku jiraan dhismayaasha ganacsi sida Alfa Capital Management, "Rosvodokanal", "Alpha Caymiska" iyo A1 Group. Group The leh ka shaqeeya mobile «Megafon" iyo "VimpelCom", dukaamada tafaariiqda silsilad "Pyaterochka" iyo "Crossroads."

Intaa waxaa dheer, Mikhail Fridman waa guddoomiyaha «L1 Group", iyadoo xarunta ee Luxembourg. Business kooxda maal-gashiga caalamiga ah diiradda on hantida isgaarsiinta iyo waaxda tamarta. Waxaa ka mid ah laba kooxihii ugu muhiimsan:. «L1 Energy» iyo «L1 Technologies" Friedman sidoo kale waa xubin ka mid ah Guddiga Kormeerka ee Deutsche Skov-AG Erdoel, Hamburg, iibsaday «L1 firfircoon" ee 2015.

By habka, Guddiga Agaasimayaasha «L1 Group" ka kooban yahay saaxiibo hore - Saaxiibadayda Friedman, kaasoo uu kula bilowday in ay 80s daahay ': Kuzmichev, Khan iyo P. Beytaawen - dawladdii hore ee Russia Wasiirka Gaidar.

Iibso hantida badda woqooyi

In March 2015 «L1 Group" heleen shirkadda German saliid RWE Dea in ka badan £ 5 billion. Waxay leedahay 12 beeraha firfircoon saliidda iyo gaaska ee North Sea iyo beeraha saliid meelo kale. Heshiiska ayaa diidmo xukuumadda Ingiriiska, kuwaas oo u aragtaa in ay tahay lid ku ah xayiraad cunaqabatayn shirkadaha Ruushka oo xidhiidh la leh dhacdooyinka ee Ukraine. «L1 Group" doonayo inuu aasaaso shirkad cusub si ay u bilaabaan wax soo saarka beeraha cusub saliid, oo uu hoggaaminayo madaxa hore ee "BP" Rabbiga Browne.

4 on March 2015, Wasiirka Ingiriiska Tamarta iyo Cimilada Change Ed Deyvi siiyey Friedman muddada hal toddobaad si uu uga dhaadhiciyo dawladda UK ee isaga kuma qasbi inay iska iibiso hantida saliidda iyo gaaska helay badda woqooyi. dhammaadka sheekada this, sida weli la garanayn, laakiin marka la eego waayo-aragnimo iyo wax oolnimada of Mikhail Fridman in geedi socodka ganacsiga, waxaad noqon kartaa hubiyo in uu heshid Waddo waqtigaan la joogo.

hawlaha Bannaanka ee ururada Yuhuudda

Friedman - taageersaneyd dadaallada Yuhuudda ah ee Russia iyo dalalka kale ee Yurub. In 1996 wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah aasaasayaasha Yuhuudda Congress Ruush ah, hadda - oo ah xubin ka mid ah Presidium of RJC ah. Wuxuu ka dhigaa kaalin weyn shuqulkii Yuhuudda Fund Yurub, waa urur aan macaash loogu talagalay horumarinta European Dadkuu iyo horumarinta dulqaad iyo dib u heshiisiinta qaaradda.

Friedman, oo ay la socdaan Stan Polovtsov iyo saddex shaqaale, billionaire Ruushka Yuhuudda Alexander Knaster, Petrom Avenom iyo Jarmal Khan, aasaasay "Genesis Group", kuwaas oo ujeedada waa horumarinta iyo hagaajinta aqoonsiga Yuhuudda ka dhex kiciya Yuhuudda dunida oo dhan. Sannad kasta dheefta "Genesis Group" abaalmariyey Liibaanay gaadhay kaamil ah oo warkiisiina caalamiga ah ee muuqashadii qof oo ka mid ah dadka Yuhuudda iyada oo go'an in qiimaha qaranka.

Xaflada abaalmarinta sannadeedkii ugu horreeyay ee Yeruusaalem xaafaddeeda 2014, Friedman sheegay dhagaystayaasha in ay waxaa loogu tala galay in lagu dhiirrigeliyo jiil cusub oo Yuhuudda oo tusaale u ah guulaha fiican xirfadeed ee abaalmarinahaas iyo qaybta ay ka qaateen dhaqanka iyo dadaalka aadanaha in qiimaha Yuhuudda.

Xubin iyo hawlaha xarumaha dadweynaha caalamka iyo Ruush

Laga bilaabo 2005, Friedman waa wakiilka Ruush at Council on Foreign Relations - urur US aan faa'iido ah oo isku keena wakiillo ka socda aasaaska dunida, kaas oo ujeedadiisu tahay si ay u faafiyaan version American dimuqraadiyadda daafaha dunida.

Friedman waa xubin ka mid ah ururada badan Ruush aan dawli ahayn, oo ay ku jiraan Chamber Dadweynaha of Russia, ee Board of Directors of Ruush Midowga warshadlaydu iyo Ganacsatada iyo Golaha Qaranka ee ku saabsan Maamul Corporate.

Isagu waa taageere firfircoon oo ka mid ah Suugaanta National Prize "Big Book" oo ka tirsan guddida ka mid ah "Center for Support suugaanta Ruush", diiradda on hirgelinta barnaamijyada dhaqanka, horumarinta oo ka mid ah hadafyada of humanism iyo ixtiraamka qiimaha dhaqanka Ruush.

Mikhail Fridman: nolosha, jacaylka

Iyada oo uu naagtiisa ka horeysay, Olga, ayuu furay wakhti dheer, in ka badan 10 sano ka hor. Imisa carruur ah ma Michael Friedman? Carruurta ka guur hore - laba gabdhood: Catherine (1998 p.) Oo Laura (1995 p.). gabdhaha ayaa waxaa u dhashay oo la socday hooyadiis ku noolaa Paris, halkaas oo ka School American ah ka qalin jabiyay. Si buuxda u siinaya ex-iyo naagtiisii, iyo gabdhihii reer jiritaanka raaxo leh, Friedman intuu iyagii ku dhowaad xiriir.

Sidee haatan u muuqataa waayeen qoyska Mikhail Fridman? Wixii dhowr sano uu ku noolaa guur madani ah oo leh shaqaale hore ee "Alfa-Bank" Oksana Ozhelskoy. Sida ay sheegayaan wararka qaar ka mid ah, waxay sidoo kale leeyihiin laba caruur ah.