Moscow. Bolshaya Ordynka

History of Moscow ma jiri karo oo aan taariikhda waddooyinka uu ka samaysan yahay ee la soo dhaafay ay, hadda iyo mustaqbalka. Big Ordynka - milicsiga ah destinies aadanaha taliyayaasha iyo wadaaddadii, gabayaaga iyo fanaaniinta, baayacmushtariyaashii iyo injineero, kacaan iyo shaqaalaha adag fudud, ugu dambeyntii goostay muuqaalka hadda ee wadada. Waxay u eg tahay qoraal taxane-taariikheed ah, kaas oo ay suuragal tahay in loo raad raaco dhacdooyinkii taariikheed ee ka dhacaya ma aha oo kaliya in Zamoskvorechye, laakiin sidoo kale oo dhan Moscow.

Dhacdo magaca

Big Ordynka u muuqday in qarnigii XIV iyo waa mid ka mid ah jidadka qadiimiga ah ugu caasimadda. Waxaa jira laba nooc ugu muhiimsan ee ah ee horyaalka. Midkii kowaad wuxuu u - weheliyaan mar orday Jidka fulisay canshuurtii laga soo ururiyey in Russia, ee Khan ee Horde Golden ah. The labaad iyo, sida ay taariikhyahanadu, version more lagu kalsoonaan karo - halkan ku noolaa Horde, oo ay shaqooyinkeeda ayaa loo aaneeyey inay u gaarsiinta gabbaro, aasa la madaxda Ruush in Horde ah.

story

Xataa Moscow waa ay adag tahay in la helo meel aadi lahaa iyada oo loo marayo dhacdooyinka aad u badan oo taariikhi ah, sidii la arkay in ka badan ay taariikhda dheer, Bolshaya Ordynka. On ay mar maray ee Crimean Khan Giray Davlet, iyadu weli xusuustaa Napoleon jeer waqtul iyo dabka ee 1812, iyo sidoo kale dhacdooyinkii kacaan ee 1917.

Dadkii ugu horreeyey ay ahaayeen "dad canshuurta" soo ururay in ay ka gudbaan soohdinta reer Russia cashuur Horde Golden ah, iyo xataa turjubaano - turjubaanada luqadda Tatar. Ka dib markii hab hareeraheeda ah ayaa la baajiyay, waxay bilaabeen inay degaan Sidukiinta, sheekh celcelis ahaan, baayacmushtariyaashii iyo saanacyadii. In aad u xarunta of Moscow qiimaha dhulka sare, oo sidaas daraaddeed waxaa laga heli karaa aan ugu ah dadka, iyo meelaha Moscow River ahaayeen jaban. Qaar ka mid ah dhismayaasha wakhtigaas ayaa weli taagan.

Dhammaadkii qarnigii XIX waxaa jiray dhowr dhismooyinka dabaqyada ah, kor u shaqeeya si October Revolution ah, iyo jidka dambe. Big Ordynka waxa uu noqday mid ka mid ah degmooyinka ugu dambiyada ee Moscow, halkaas oo uu ka soo ururiyey dhammaan punks Zamoskvoretskaya.

Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Great Patriotic, waddada la qayb ahaan burburay qarax. On-site dhismayaasha gabi ahaanba la burburiyay dhisay cusub iyo wax duug ma taaban.

Waa in la sheegay in ay ku dhow uusan waxba iska badalin, inkastoo xaqiiqda ah in inta lagu guda jiro jiritaanka Midowga Soviet laftiisa magaalada oo dhan si weyn u bedelay.

meeday

Big Ordynka waxa uu ku yaalaa degmada Maamulka Dhexe ee Moscow, kuwaas oo kala ka Square Serpukhov si yar buundada Moscow River. Tani waa wadada ugu weyn ee Zamoskvorechie. Oo dhererkeedu wuxuu xad waa yar yahay oo waa km oo kaliya 1,73 iska, laakiin waxaa jira tiro badan oo ah taxadiri taariikheed - shan macbudyo, dhowr guryaha, Qolol iyo dhismayaasha dhaadheer. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in tani ay tahay wadada kaliya, taas oo ahayd awood loo ilaalin oo dhan ka taagay gayiga kiniisadda.

Catherine macbudka on Martyr

Waxay ku taalaa in tiro guriga 60/2, Bolshaya Ordynka Moscow. Xusuuso koowaad ee taariikhda Church alwaax back to 1612 sano. Martyr wakhtigaas la odhan jiray dalalkii layaal jiray oo magaalada dibaddeeda ah, oo sidaas daraaddeed macbudka Catherine goob joog dagaalka ku Dmitriya Pozharskogo iyo Hetman Chodkiewicz. taariikhyahanadu Qaar ka mid ah waxay aaminsan yihiin in dagaalka ugu weyn ee halkan ka dhacay Time ee rabshado, taas oo ahayd bilowgii xoraynta ee Russia ka soo duulay Polish.

kaniisadda Extant in style Baroque la dhisay 1766-1775 ka yar mashruuca ee K. Blank. Waxa uu shaqo cusub ka dhisay soo socota si ay munaaraddii dawan jir ah oo iyaga la midoobin.

Temple Catherine ka badbaaday oo keliya ma aha jeer u argaggaxay, laakiin sidoo kale duulaankii ee Napoleon, laakiin markii dowladda Soviet la xiray iyo ilaa munaaraddii kor jalaska duminayo. In muddo ah markii uu qolka waxaa loo isticmaalay sidii aqoon isweydaarsi ah.

Haddaba macbudka Catherine waxaa maamula Kaniisada Orthodox ee America. Halkan waxa ku xiga oo kaalinta inay calanka u quduusiinta American iyo Ruush, iyo u-adeegidda waxaa mararka qaarkood fuliyay Ingiriisi.

Macbudka ka mid ah Hooyo Ilaah "Joy ee All Yaa murug"

kaniisadda Stone la dhisay 1683-85 sano on goobta halkaas oo mar taagnaa kaniisadda St. Varlaam Khutyn. By 1791 dhowr daro waxaa laga sameeyey, oo ay ku jiraan munaarad dawan saddex nooc ah, ka dhigay by V. dhise Bazhenov in qaab classical. In 1836, ee naqshada ee Beauvais OI dhowaan dhisi macbudka, laakiin in style Empire ah. Later, inta lagu guda jiro dab 1812 waxaa la burburay, ka dibna laba jeer ka badan lala simay - in 1814 iyo 1904.

Under taliskii Soviet - in 1933 - kaniisadda ayaa la xidhay, oo dawannadii oo dhan laga saaro. Intii lagu guda jiray dagaalkii Great Patriotic in gurigiisa lagu hayaa kaydka Tretyakov Gallery. In dabayaaqadii 40-mada ay macbudkii waxaa ka furay caabudo. Haddaba haddii ay u shaqayso xarun ruuxiga ah iyo waxbarasho loo yaqaan "loosoo".

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Bolshaya Ordynka aan dhisay. Waxaan go'aansanay in aan soo celin, si ay u sii taariikh dheer in qayb ka mid ah rights reserved ee Moscow. Sida laga soo xigtay qorshaha, ka dib markii dib u soo celinta ee quarter taariikhi ah marxalad ilaaliyo pre-Markos ayaa halkan abuuray doonaa - nooc ka mid ah matxafka, oo ku yaalla furan.