Nukliyeerka: taariikhda iyo casriga

Tan iyo 1970, dunida of Treaty ee ku-Non Faafidda Hubka Nukliyeer (NPT), taas oo ka dhigan tahay awoodaha nuclear oo dejisa baaxadda ay mas'uuliyadda la xiriira hubka ee hadda jira. Sida laga soo xigtay heshiiska, xaaladda dalalka nuclear-hub ka heshay Mareykanka, Britain, France, Shiinaha iyo USSR ah (hadda Federation Ruush ah, bedelka ah). Waa in dalalkaas qarax oo imtixaanka lagu fuliyay ilaa 1967, si ay si rasmi ah u galeen "Kooxda nuclear."

Treaty NPT ku geyeysiisa awoodaha nuclear aan xaalad kasta aan ku gudbin on hubka ama technology ee ay wax soo saarka dalalka kuwaas oo waxaa ma, dhiiri ama loo fududeeyo wax soo saarka ee hubka sida aan iyaga ku jiro.

Waxaad wadaagi karaan waayo-aragnimada iyo is caawino, laakiin keliya in isticmaalka nabad tamarta qarax nuclear.

Heshiiska uu dhigayaa in haddii weerar nuclear la Qabanay doonaa dalka, kaasi oo aan lahayn hubka sida, waxa ay difaac u taagnaan doontaa awoodaha kale ee nuclear ee dunida, sida laga soo xigtay Axdiga Qaramada Midoobay.

Treaty NPT ku lug leh in ka badan 170 dal, iyo waxa aan xad lahayn shaqeeya.

Dhab ahaantii, maanta hub nuclear loogu talagalay iyo tijaabiyey xataa Pakistan, Iran, India, Koonfur Afrika iyo North Korea, laakiin si sharci ah, dalalkaas kuma jiraan in tirada nuclear.

Pakistan iyo India ayaa ku dhowaad isku mar ka sameeyeen baaritaano ay. Tani waxay dhacday sanadkii 1998.

Markii hore, North Korea saxiixay heshiiskii NPT, laakiin sanadkii 2003 si rasmi ah u caddeysay xor ka ah waajibaadka heshiiskan. In 2006, North Korea sameeyey ay qarax imtixaanka ugu horeysay ee dhulkooda.

Ka mid ah dalalka ay leeyihiin hub nuclear, dad badan oo loo aaneeyey inay u Israa'iil. Laakiin masuuliyiinta dalka marna xaqiijiyay ama la diido in ay qabatay horumarka iyo baaritaanka sida.

In 2006, awoodda nuclear, kaabaya qaybgale. Madaxweynaha Iran ayaa si rasmi ah shaaca ka qaaday in technology-soo-saarka ee si buuxda loo horumariyo shaybaarka shidaalka nuclear.

On dhulka ka mid ah saddexda Jamhuuriyadda hore ee Soviet (Ukraine, Kazakhstan iyo Belarus) sidoo kale lahaa gantaalaha iyo madaxyada, kuwaas oo ku sugnaa gudaha dalka ay lahaanshaha ka dib markii ay burburtay ee dalka. Laakiin sanadkii 1992 ay u saxiixay Protocol Lisbon ku xaddidaadda iyo yaraynta hubka istiraatiiji ah oo dhab ahaan aad uga takhalusi hub sida. Kazakhstan, Belarus iyo Ukraine ayaa ku soo biirtay dalalka xubnaha ka NPT iyo hadda si rasmi ah loo arkaa in awoodaha non-nuclear.

In the Republic of South Africa ayaa sidoo kale abuuray hubka nuclear oo sameeyay baaritaano ay Badweynta Hindiya ee 1979. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wax yar ka dib markii barnaamijka horumarinta ayaa la xiray, iyo tan iyo 1991 South Africa ayaa rasmi ah ugu biiray Treaty NPT ah.

Hadda adduunka ugu jiro koox gaar ah dalalka, taasoo aragti ahaan awood u leeyihiin in ay marti hub nuclear, laakiin sababo military iyo mid siyaasadeed, waa la tixgeliyaa aan habboonayn. Khubarada tixraac Mareykanka sida, qaar ka mid ah dalalka South America (Brazil, Argentina), South Korea, Masar, Libya iyo kuwa kale.

Waxa loogu yeero "qarsoon" awoodaha nuclear karo, haddii loo baahdo, si ay u wax soo saarka ee hubka beddelato ay wax soo saarka si cadaalad ah si deg deg ah, iyadoo la isticmaalayo a technology dual-isticmaalka.

Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, beesha caalamka leeyahay hoos u of Arsenal, halka taas oo ka badan oo casri ah. Laakiin xaqiiqada waa in ka mid ah 19,000 ee la heli karo ee dunida maanta ee hubka nuclear, 4400 waa joogto ah ku jira xaalad ah heegan sare.

Arsenal Decrease voooruzheniya waa inta badan ay sabab u tahay hoos u of kaydka ah ee dagaalka Russia iyo Mareykanka, iyo sidoo kale sabab u qortaa-off ah oo lagu gano huriye. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyo dalalka nuclear rasmiga ah, India iyo Pakistan in ay sii wadaan in ay ku dhawaaqdo la geeyo barnaamijyo cusub oo horumarinta hub. Waxaa soo baxday in, dhab ahaantii, kumase hadalno hadallo la, mid ka mid ahaa dalalka ay diyaar uma aha in gabi ahaanba ay ka arsenal nuclear yihiin.