Pamir - buuraha reer Central Asia. Description, taariikhda iyo sawiro

Pamirs dalka buuraleyda tan iyo wakhtiyadii hore soo jiidata adventurers. waxaa mar ahaa gobolka ugu buuraleyda USSR. Pamir ku riyooday inuu guulaysto badan ... La yaab ma laha uu helay magaca - ka "saqafka dunida". Waxaa jira seventhousanders ogeysiiyo badan caalamka. Inkastoo Pamir - buuraha ma aha mid u weyn sida, tusaale ahaan, ka Himalayas iyo Karakorum, qaar ka mid ah dushiisa waxaa ku hadhay unconquered.

Location of Pamirs ah

Pamir - buuraha, ama halkii, waa waddan weyn buuraleyda ku yaalla qaybta koonfureed ee Central Asia. territory Pamir been gudahood xuduudaha afar dalalka: Tajikistan (qaybta ugu muhiimsan), Afghanistan, Shiinaha iyo Hindiya. Oogada Pamir sameeyay isgooyska reer Spurs nidaamyada buurta sida Hindu Kush, Kunlun, koobsaday iyo Shan Tien ah. Wuxuu daboolaa aag of lixdan kun oo kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran Mountains Pamir. sawir hoose wuxuu muujinayaa sida ballaaran dalkan buuraleyda.

Ma jiro iswaafiqitaan ku saabsan asalka ah ee magaca dalka buuraleyda aan. Ka mid ah qoraalladii halkaas sida "saqafka of Mithra" (ilaah qorraxdu u Mithraism), iyo sidoo kale "saqafka dunida", "dhimashada cagta" iyo xitaa "cag shimbir ee."

Buuraha ugu sareeya ee Pamirs ah

Inta badan kuwa buuraha dhaadheer ee Pamirs gaadhaya ku dhawaad sideed height kun. Dhuur oo dhan danbow of this dalka buuraleyda Kongur peak. Waxay ku taalaa on dhulka ee Shiinaha, oo sarajooggeeduna waa 7,72 kiiloomitir. At 200 mitir hoos ugu xumaa ee Ismail Samani - 7.5 km, taas oo loo isticmaalayo in times Soofiyeeti la odhan jiray shuuciyad Fiinta, iyo ka hor in - xataa peak Stalin ee. buuraha Pamir kaas oo ay leeyihiin magacyo Ruush, waxay ahayd in ay 90s qayb ka mid ah Midowga Soofiyeeti.

Ugu sarreysa Abu Ali Ibn Siinay (version Ruush - sarreysey Avicenna), magacaabay ka dib markii aqoonyahan Dr Makumbe iyo dhuuni, height a of 7.13 km, oo magiciisana laba jeer bedelay. Ka hor inta aan u habeyn lahaa magaca Lenin Fiinta iyo hormoodyada asal ahaan ayaa loo magacaabay peak Kaufman (dhamaadka qarnigii XIX).

Korjenevskaya Fiinta (qaadis ah 7.1 km) waxaa sidoo kale si fiican u yaqaan, saynisyahan Ruush magacaabay in sharaf oo uu naagtiisa la jecel yahay.

Features of Pamirs ah

Pamir - buuraha, oo waa afargeesle aan caadi ahayn la leh xayndaab. Meesha waa kayd hodan oo dahab ah, dhuxusha, Miikaa, crystal ayaa dhagaxayga weyn, iyo safayr.

Long, qaboobuhu daran (at sare ah 3.6 km sumadda ee heerkulka celceliska January - 18 degrees Celsius, halka xilli qabow ku dhammaataa ka October in April, oo ay ku jiraan bilood xad dhaaf ah), talantaalli ah xagaaga gaaban oo qabow (heerkulka celceliska bisha ugu kulul - July - waa kaliya oo ku saabsan 14 degrees Celsius). Itobiya qoyaanka ballaaran kala duwan yihiin, waxayna ku xiran tahay gobolka, ka 60 ilaa 1100 milimitir oo roob ah sannadkii.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cimilada aan caadi ahayn u adag oo ay la socdaan Halabuurka ku filan kala duwan ee dubato. Gaar ahaan xayawaanka xusuusta lahu waa wan duurjoogta ah - badan oo ido ah oo buurta, mid ka mid ah geeska oo ay gaari karaan soddon kilo. Oo yaks guumeyso, oo qurxoon shabeel baraf. ka, kuwaas oo marka laga reebo, at meelaha kala duwan guriga in noocyada dhowr ah oo riyaha (Kiyko, markhor), marmots dheer-iibsatay lacagihii, Idaha urmaly, Dawacooyinku, yeey iyo Tibetan.

In buuraleyda ah ee ku nool Pamirs shimbiraha sida ambadeen ah, digir weyn, bullfinch cidla ah, ular. Iyo balliyada xilliga kulaylaha shinbiraha qarinta, berriga Indian, ayaa gorgorraduna, cad-iibsatay lacagihii.

Waxaa ka mid ah kala duwanaanshaha ichthyological tilmaami karo kalluunka kuwanu waa gud sida Osman iyo Marinka (dambaysta ah lagu tilmaamay inay tahay sun ah).

taariikhda Fatxi

Taariikhda waxbarasho nidaamsan dalalka buurta bilaabay in 1928 markii lagu qabtay duulaan Soviet in Pamir. In ay dabcan furi karaa a sitoos Fedchenko weyn, ka adkaan ugu sarreysa ee Lenin iyo ka dhigi talaabooyin dhowr ah oo muhiim ah.

In 1933, ee climbers Soviet dhintay shuuciyad Fiinta (ugu sareeya ee Midowgii Soofiyeeti ee hore), iyo in ay 50s ee qarnigii labaatanaad ayaa ka guulaystay danbow Korjenevskaya, Revolution, Muztagh Ata (7.55 kilometers) iyo Konturtyube (7.6 kilometers). The danbow ugu sareeya ee Pamir gaadhay 1981 duulaan a British hoos Bonengtona ah.

The harooyinka of Oogada Pamir ah. Kara-Kul

Ugu weyn ee u gudubno, oo buurta dalka - Kara-Kul. Magaca oo badda (Black Lake) ayaa dhowr sharaxaad. Sida laga soo xigtay mid ka mid ah, uu u qalmay hadh madow oo biyo ah inta lagu guda jiro dabaylo xoog badan. Sida laga soo xigtay version kale, biyaha Lake Black si lama filaan ah u kacay, inundating tuulada xeebta, iyo magaca dadka Tiiraanyo Windows XP by musiibadan laga cabsado.

Dhuur ka badan u gudubno, in Pamirs Bari. Mountains, halkaas oo waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo harooyinka waaweyn. The qotada dheer iyaga ka mid ah waa Sarezskoye (0.5 km si qoto dheer), iyo ugu weyn - Kara-Cool. At sare ah ee 4000 m meesha gudubno weyn oo 380 kiiloomitir oo laba jibbaaran oo qoto dheer ah 240 oo mitir oo ficil ahaan waa nolol la'aan. Tan iyo markii ay u gudubno, waxaa jira socodka lahayn, biyaha ay yihiin kuwo aad u cusbada leh, iyo sidoo kale hooseysa waxaa si tartiib ah hoos u haraadiga sitoos hore, biyaha weli oo aad u qabow yahay.

Inkastoo maqan gebi ahaanba flora caadiga ah iyo dubato badda, warkeeda caan deggan biyaha xayawaan-awaalka ay. Gaar ahaan, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in biyaha ay ku nool yihiin meel dawacooyinku, faras duulaya in xado qayl, iyo xataa gabareeymaanyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, biyaha baraf ah ee u gudubno, ma aha dalxiis ah qubeyska, iyo mermaids, sida muuqata, waxay leeyihiin in ay ku cunto fadhiisan.