Qiyaasta Form

The guryaha waaweyn ee pathogene hargabka iyo hababka aqoonsiga.

Wakiilka sababaya hargabka la xidhiidha qoyska orthomyxovirus ah, markii ugu horaysay la go'doonsan ee 1933 by Cilmi-British WS Smith, SN Andrewes, PP Laidlaw by sanka ferrets cad wax sifeeyo ka bukaanka qaba hargabka helay.

In 1940, T. Fransis iyo T. P. Maqill si madaxbanaan loo aqoonsaday fayraska hargabka, oo tiro ka mid ah guryaha noolaha ka quduuska ah oo kala duwan in 1933, iyo 1947 R. M. Taylor helay wakiilka haemagglutinating - "cadaadis 1233 ", loo aqoonsaday fayraska hargabka, laakiin uga duwan tahay fayraska ku go'doonsan ee 1933 iyo 1940. fayrusyada Kuwan waxaa loo aqoonsaday by xarfaha laatiinka ee alifbeetada: A, B, C iyo mid kasta oo u qalma sida Vibrio madax banaan.

orthomyxovirus qoyska aaneeyey fayraska hargabka oo kaliya lagu gartaa joogitaanka qolof dibadda iyo content RNA ee nucleocapsid goobaabin. The glycoprotein baqshadda viral dibadda ka kooban yahay dhisme (hemagglutinin - H neyraminidazy- iyo N), taasoo keenta guryaha faafa iyo antigenic fayraska. Gene ee fayraska hargabka waxaa dhisey of 8 qeybaha kala duwan ee hal-ku xayiran, dhexroorka of ribonucleoprotein ku spherical hoose (RNP) ee kala duwan 9 nm. fayrusyada kala duwan A, B, C RNP antigen, oo aan ka gudbaan dhibaatooyinka nooca dhexeeya.

Waxaa hadda loo aqoonsan yahay in qoyska orthomyxovirus ka kooban yahay laba genera: fayraska hargabka, oo ay ka mid fayraska A iyo B, iyo virus keeneysa la influenza (S. Ya Gaydamovich, 1982.).

virus A ay metalayaan dhowr serotypes iyo Lahjadaha antigenic, taas oo ku kala duwan yihiin hemagglutinin Halabuurka iyo sanndood. virus Tani qaadsiiyo dadka iyo xayawaanka labadaba. Sida laga soo xigtay soocidda cusub (1980) hemagglutinin A virus noocyada tiro waxaa la siiyaa: 1 in IYO iyo sanndood 1 ilaa 8. hemagglutinin 1, 2, 3, NA 1, 2 gartaa inta badan virus Qofka iyo noocyada kale ee cudur dusha ( H iyo N1) ayaa la ogaado in fayrusyada in qaadsiin xoolaha (fardo, doofaarrada, lo'da, daayeer, eeyaha, iyo noocyada kala duwan ee shimbiraha).

Currently, ee sharaxaad ka mid ah fayrasyada A hargabka daruuri tilmaamaya nooca hemagglutinin iyo sanndood, iyo tilmaamood ay had iyo jeer uma dhigmaan Magac-1971 Table. 1 muujinaya virus tilmaamood hemagglutinin iyo hargabka sanndood cusub soo qaaday 1980, marka la barbardhigo isku mid. haemagglutinin Human LAAKIIN, H1 hemagglutinin iyo doofaarka NSw1 weheliso in hemagglutinin H1, hemagglutinin iyo NT fardo hemagglutinin aadanaha iyo digaagga (HAV Neq 2 iyo 7) oyna hemagglutinin NC. AA Smorodintsev et al (1981) waxaa loo tixgeliyaa sharci-darro ah in la isu geeyo glycoproteins dadka iyo xoolaha ka mid ah Vibrio.

Wakiilka kale oo nooca fayraska hargabka waa fayras, kaas oo taagnaa ilaa 1979 in serotypes a panulirus B gooni ah fayraska waxaa. Waxaa jira kala duwanaansho antigenic gudahood Vibrio.

Rhode fayraska hargabka G matalaa Fayrus virus C of panulirus this ugu yaraan bartay of orthomyxovirus qoyska oo dhan. WHO Group Expert (W. Dowdle, F. Davenport, N. Fukum, 1975) ka mid ahaa virus this sida a "tartanka shuruud" qoyska this. Muuqaalka caan ku virus yahay joogitaanka glycoprotein ee qolof ah barxadda dibadda. Iyadoo qayb ka ah virus ma aha sanndood eulayska, in kastoo ay jiraan enzyme retseptororazrushayuschy (RRE), si buuxda Otley-han leh ka sanndood viral yaqaan. Fayrasku waxa uu leeyahay awood yar ee la qabsashada in ay ubad unugyada embriyaha iyo dhaqamada kala duwan ee gacanta. embriyaha ubad amniyon The horumarineyso at heerkul ah 33 ° C for 3-4 maalmood Mudadda, unugyada dhiigga cas ma agglutinate doofaarka Guinea, si liidata adsorbed dushiisa of erythrocyte digaag. Si looga fogaado elution degdeg ah fayraska la dusha erythrocyte ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah lagu fuliyo hemagglutination dhigay heerkulka hooseeyo.

Haddii fayraska A iyo B gartaa dhismeedka isbedel antigenic ee wareegga ee vivo, waayo, kala duwanaan antigenic fayruska aan weli la calaamadeeyay. Ka go'an in 1947, 1974, 1977. fayrusyada isku mid.

foomka qiyaasta si sax ah u doortay (lekform) kaa caawin doona inaad si ay ula qabsadaan noocyo kala duwan oo flu wareer ah. foomka qiyaasta la xushay kaa caawin doonaa oo keliya haddii la doorto dhakhtar, aan adiga kuu gaar ah.