Reserve Karadag ee Crimea. Dhirta iyo ugaarta of reserve ee Karadag

Reserve Karadag (ka Turkic - "Black Mountain") - rukunka ugu quruxda badan ee Crimean, taas oo inta badan dadka Martidii Jasiiradda caan ah. Haynayaa koonfur-bari oo ay ka qayb, inta u dhaxaysa magaalooyinka Spa, Koktebel iyo Shebetovka (meel u dhow Feodosia), waxa uu ka mid kaliya ee Europe shayga dhulka, kaas oo hoy u ah volcano bakhtiyeen qadiimiga ah.

Karadag reserve: Volcano

Its qarax ka dhacay in ka badan 120 milyan oo sano ka hor, oo raacay habka dabiiciga keentay in abuurista adag u gaar ah picturesque, haybad iyo mid gaar ah. Badda Madow xeebaha Karadag eegayaa cajiib ah: biyo buluug-buluug dhalaalayay, sida frosting a muraayadaha madow iyo si joogto ah beddelayo midabka ka sumurud in wax qandaraas ah cornflower xaqse, si ay ula buluug ah oo jannada ka tartamaan.

Sveta göra Karadag: mucjisooyin bogsiiyey

Massif Karadaga sameeyay dhowr geesaha muuqaalo whimsical eg derbiyada milmin la dhisteen iyo dagaaleed. iyaga gadaal ka taagan Mountain ku domed Quduuska ah - meesha ugu sarreysa ee height Karadag ee 577 mitir. Caymis qoriga, waxa ka kooban yahay ku dhowaad oo gebi of track - dhagax weyn sameeyey by ash Kobenhagen oo midab cagaar. Waqtiyadii hore waxa ay ahayd on sare ee buurta quduuska ah ee ilaahadda Kali. In AD waxaan qarnigii. e. Buurta quduuska ahayd meel lagu cibaadaysto ee Asclepius ilaah-dhuuni ah.

In qarnigii XIX ku Halyeeyga dhexdooda dadka Tataarka, taas oo ah Buurta quduuska ahaa qabriga sumad lahayn ee weli la faafin, ay bogsiiyaan kuwa buka. Taas oo rumaysad lahaa shaqaalaha mucjiso, waxaa la lama yaqaan sababta uu qadarin iyo Muslimiinta, iyo Masiixiyiinta. U dhaw in ay fiidkii badnaa dadka isugu reserve hadda Karadag oo keenay meeshan ku gaadhi bukaanka ka hor inta qaybood cut Galab kasta oo dhogor oo gogo 'oo dhar, ku xidheen laamihii geedaha iyo ku xoortay geedihii si ay u sii cudurka at meeshan. Bukaanka ayaa la saaray Taalladaas lagu dahaadhay qaba hargo idaad, iyo habeen ka tagay. In riyadii ay ahayd Ruuxa Quduuska ah, micneeyey sababta cudurka, calaamada gudbiyay iyada qaybta ama dib u soo kabashada soo diray. berriba mucjiso Practice jiray qarniyo, ku dhawaad in bilowgii dagaalkii labaad ee adduunka.

Laga soo bilaabo barta of view of kartida sayniska bogsiinaya of Mountain Quduuska ah by saamaynta ururtay meesha tamarta this geomagnetic awood sharaxay si adag u saamaysaa cimilada, dhirta iyo ugaarta. A sepulchral bulukeeti (dhagax - megalith) waa accumulator ah ee tamarta, waxaa kor Suurka, Roobka la xado, meesha burburiyey inta lagu jiro mudada Soviet. Currently, isku day ayaa la sameeyey si loo soo celiyo ee Mala'igtu lumay.

Karadag dhagax weyn

Karadag Nature Reserve, taariikhda kaas oo xoogaa sida sheeko cirfiid fantastic, qaababka dhagaxa weyn u gaar ah, la aasaasay sarkhaansan yihiin xubno dabiiciga ah iyo eg xayawaanka yaab leh: A faras-Gingerbread, Sphinx ah, Ivan anshaxa xun, Thumb Devil ee. Halabuurka mowduuc oo dhan u taagan Ridge Kagarach kuwaas oo geesaha waxaa loo yaqaan King, Queen, Carshiga, Sweet. Meelaha qaarkood buuraha aagaas yara, daaha Cove yar oo leh xeebaha cidhiidhi-rimmed, sidoo kale magaca aan caadi ahayn: rihii, sardiyos, libaax, Border, tuug, Barakhta.

Golden Gate - kaarka ganacsiga ee Karadag a

qaababka Rock Golden Gate waa astaanta of Karadag. Dhawr maalmood oo kali sano ah (u dhaw in ay taariikhda solstice qaboobaha), kaas oo aad u bogi karin qorrax ka soo baxa. Waxaa la og yahay in iridda a sawir Karadag bixitaankii qoraal gacmeedka ah "Eugene Onegin" AS Pushkin, kuwaas oo u safray in Tauris. Golden Gate weli magaca labaad - Shaydaan-kapu (haddii kale - Devil ee Gate). Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in meel la joogo ma jiro wadada cadaabta. Dibadda, Gate Golden ay yihiin kuwo ay xafiiltamaan ee, si qoto dheer oo biyo ah ay dureereyso dhexdeeda waa 15 mitir, height kor ku badda - 8 mitir, width - 6 mitir. Waxaa la aaminsan yahay in, la aadeen hoos xafiiltamaan this, inay ku tuuraan qadaadiic ah oo wuxuu galay dhagaxa (si ay u buuqday) oo markiiba ka dhigi doonayo a hubaal iman doonaa.

aqonsado ee Karadag ah

Karadag reserve (photo soo bandhigay maqaal ah) waa mid gaar ah dhagaxyada ma aha oo kaliya iyo buuraha qaab gaar ah, laakiin sidoo kale dhirta iyo ugaarta. Waa hoygii of badan oo halis, dhif iyo gud (halkan oo keliya) nooc oo dhirta iyo ugaarta. Karadag reserve - a territory Crimean Biocomplex u gaar ah kaas oo, lala muuqaalkii picturesque, xaaladaha aan caadi ahayn dabiiciga ah, lacag dhigaal ah ee macdanta dhif ah, qaab dhismeedka gaarka ah dhulka, dhacdooyinka taariikhiga ah ee dan weyn ee saynisyahano adduunka oo dhan iyo sidoo kale nooca kuwii ku caashaqi jiray, guests ah u saarney iyo dalxiisayaasha.

Waxbarashada Karadag Reserve

Waa sababta oo ah mass booqanaya Crimean ah oo ganac la aasaasin sanadkii 1979 Karadag Nature Reserve, meel daboolay ku dhowaad 2.9 kun oo hektar, kaas oo 809 hektar - aagga biyaha Badda Madow. cabbirkan ahayd lagama maarmaan iyo kaliya u adeegi jireen sida wadadii ah xoojinta ammaanka xaaladda caanka ah ee dhulka. Unorganized, duurjoogta, dalxiiska ayaa noqday a maal mineralogical handadaad Karadag, oo sababay dhaawac badan in flora - dabka - iyo dubato - dhibaatayn.

Sidaa darteed, formation of reserve - oo qiyaas loo baahan yahay, in kasta oo xoogaa laalan: noocyada ugu nugul ka mid ah shimbiraha badan oo la dhaco, Fiidmeerta iyo xayawaanka kale ayaa horey la waayey.

Nature Karadag reserve waa hodan ku ah noocyada iyo wakiil saddex qaybood:

• ka heer bad ilaa 250 mitir - zone steppe ka, kaynta la badhxay iyo ku xoortay,
• ka 250 450 mitir - kaynta geed alloon pubescent;
• kor ku xusan 450 mitir - hornbeam iyo sessile-geedkii kaymaha.

In Crimea, waxaa jira ah oo ku saabsan 2,400 nooc oo dhirta ubax. Ku dhow kala bar oo ka mid ah waxaa laga heli karaa in Karadag. flora oo dhan reserve ka mid ah 2.782 noocyada, kuwaas oo qaar badan lagu daray Data Cas Books of saf ah oo kala duwan. Waxaa jira dhirta in halkan iyo meel kale oo keliya ku noolaan.

In dunida tacliinta muddo dheer waxaa jira muran, waxaa jira Karadag buurta Crimea ma reserve la soo maratay kala duwan ka soo qayb steppe ee Jasiiradda, waano ugu dambeeya oo ka mid ah Atlantis Badda Madow - Pontida, mar la xiriirinaya Jasiiradda la xeebta Badda Madow Turkish. Tan waxaa si dadban ayaa tilmaamaya ah juquraafiga iyo cimilada ee reserve ee Karadag. Pontida sidoo kale laga yaabaa in lala si ay u qalalaan dalkii la Caucasus iyo Balkans, sida kale halkan ayey ka muuqan karo oo xasil, noocyada dhirta gaar ah ku waani inay gobolladan.

Karadag reserve: Animals

dubato Karadag oo keeni xiiso badan. Tani Galaydhka, shabeel kaalinta labaad soo galay ee International Red Kitaabka. Naasley matalayo Fiidmeerta ee kala duwan oo dhan. Waxaa ka mid ah cayayaanka dhif ah loo aqoonsado iyo jiriqsiga iyo Crimean dhulka, owlfly, kabajaanka iyo flightless waaweyn (steppe Dybok), noocyada dhowr ah oo luga dhaadheer. Waxay hoy u tahay marten dhagaxa, mulacyada Crimean iyo dhagaxii weynaa, dabagaalaha, hedgehogs, deerada, iska daaqda ugaadha duurka. Shimbiraha, in ka badan 200 oo noocyada, inkastoo buul oo dhan ma halkan.

The deggan oo biyaha ku Karadag

Badda jiidata khayroon daahirnimo biyaha iyo kala duwanaanshaha of hoose ee (dhagax weyn qolof, dhagaxyada, ciid), taas oo ka dhigaysa qaninimo ah xawayaanka benthic, gaar ahaan crustaceans, annelids iyo bivalves. Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in dadka deggan biyaha Karadag noqonaya 50-70% dhammaan dubato Badda Madow. Sidoo kale Karadag Beach inta badan waxaa suurtagal ah in ay la kulmaan ka hoonbarrooyinka Badda Madow. qiimaha Kalluumaysiga waa aleelada ah. Nasiib darro, waayay kalluumaysta shellfish kale Badda Madow - oysters. Tan waxa u sabab faafidda ka mid ah marmar lagu Badda Madow - mulaca ah ugaadhsiga Bariga Fog. From ciidammadu dagaal this lagu daro oysters gaaray bivalves kale Badda Madow: modiolyus weyn, scallop, polititapes. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haatan waxaa iyada ballaaran rapana faafin xeebaha Karadag, wuxuu noqday noocyada bartilmaameedka, iyo qolofka ay u qurux badan si guul xigtay ee dalxiisayaasha.

Karadag bahal jirta?

Biyaha ayaa Karadag, sida laga soo xigtay halyeeygii hore ee qadiimiga ah, deggan bahal badda ah. on sheekooyinka reer Rooma, Gariigga iyo Byzantines soo dego, waxa ay u muuqataa sidii abeeso weyn madow cawlan la baabacooyinka ku badbaadiyay fursadaas weyn, afka cabsi, dhibcaha la dhowr saf oo ilkaha fiiqan waaweyn iyo awood si ay u horumariyaan at dhaqdhaqaaq xawaaraha sare, si fudud u dhaafay maraakiibta shiraaca. In qarniyadii XVI-XVIII badmaax Turkish si joogta ah wargelinaysaa Sultan of kulan la abeesadii Badda Madow. Waxaan arkay isaga, iyo saraakiisha ciidamada badda ee Admiral Fedora Ushakova, u sheegtaa arinta Emperor Nicholas I. boqorkii wuxuu xitaa diray duulaan si ay u qabsadaan yaxaas, laakiin waxay ahayd guul daraystay. ukunta weyn waxaa la arkay iyadoo embriyaha drakonoobraznym vesivshee 12 kiilo.

Warkii Kuwani ayaa la xaqiijiyay in 1990, markii kalluumaysatada 3 mayl reserve Karadag ee shabakadaha jiideen jidhka googooyey of hoomboro ah. Siidi afka width qaniinyada badda yaxaas ahaa oo ku saabsan mitirka ah, iyo ilkaha - 4-5 sentimitir. catcher arkay tuuray kalluumaystayaashii waa in farxaan. In 1991, hannaankii sannadkii la soo dhaafay ayaa laftiisa soo noqnoqda ee network ee ku saabsan isku meel qabtay hoomboro kale oo qaba dhaawacyo la mid ah.

Karadag martida Peninsula

Karadag Nature Reserve u qaybsan yahay qaybood: furan - dalxiisayaasha, iyo sidoo kale ammaan ah - si adag ilaaliyo. Kooxda martida ah halkan farxad soo socda, museum nooca furay Dolphinarium iyo Aquarium, safarada doon sameeyay, dalxiisyada in jidka dhawrista iyo waddooyin laami ah ku daboolaan qaybo badan oo xiiso leh reserve ah; Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa laga ilaalinayaa duulaankii toos ah.

Karadag Biological Station iyo Reserve si joogto ah inventoried ee dhirta iyo ugaarta, qaban dhamaystiran cilmi, daraasadda of dubato benthic iyo plankton badda. On ku salaysan reserve ka gudubtaan ardayda dhaqanka kulliyadood dhulka iyo noolaha ah ee xarumo badan oo waxbarasho.