Sida loo xisaabiyo size silig?

Tan iyo manhajka dugsiga kuma jiraan daraasadda ee mawduuca "Sidee si ay u xisaabiso silig cross-qaybta", oo xataa qaangaarnimada, dad badan oo wax fikrad ah sida kani waxaa samayn kara. Haddii qaaska ah mustaqbalka la xiriira injineernimada korontada, in macallinka dugsiga sheegayaa xidhiidhka ka mid ah hadda korontada iyo qaybta cross of kaari ah. Haddii kale, qofka weli mugdi ah. Inkastoo, at jaleecada hore, waxa ay u muuqdaan kuwo laga yaabaa in ay jiraan wax loo baahan yahay in la fahmo nolol maalmeedka, sida loo xisaabiyo size silig, saas ahayn waa. Qof kasta ugu yaraan hal mar noloshaada bilaabaa inuu bakhtiiyo, oo ay ku jiraan bedelka ee fiilooyinka korontada guriga. Dabcan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa adeegyada shaqaalaha dayactirka. Isla mar ahaantaana, aan garanaynin sida loo xisaabiyo ee size silig iyo si fudud isku halleeyaa shaqaalaha, adiga lacag kartaa a qaybaha iskutallaabta cable gabi ahaanba loo baahnayn (koronto qaar ka iman Jaha la stock ah - oo kaliya si aad u hubiso), ama markii danbe si ay u fuliyaan dib-u-bedelka sabab u ah si qaldan loo doortay qaybta. Ma loo baahan yahay in si fiican oo dhan ku bartaan. Waa ku filan tahay in ay leeyihiin kaliya fikrad guud oo ku saabsan sida loo xisaabiyo qaybta silig in la fahmo sababta shaqaalaha dooran qaybta saxda ah sida a, oo aan wax kale.

Aan aragno waxa oo dhan waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in ay doortaan qaybta cross? Sida uu si fiican u yaqaan, gudbinta tamarta korontada waxaa lagu fuliyaa by kirishbooyada biraha bir (LEP), copper, aluminium. Tirada weyn ee electrons halkii mar unit maray halkii dhererka unit of silig (ee loo yaqaan cufnaanta hadda), ee ay kulaylka weyn. Sidaas darteed, marka aad u sareeya qiimaha hadda oo yar kaari cross-qaybta lagu arkay doonaa kaca heerkulka, kaas oo cadhaysiiyaan dhacdo xaaladda dab. Kululaynta wax walba waa, laakiinse haddii qaybta of silig hadda sax yahay, markaas heerkulka ayaa weli xadka la aqbali karo. In qaaciidooyinka qorani ah waxaa lagu qeexay sida soo socota.

Qaybta cross ee wax ka qabashada:

S = 2 * 3.14 * (* R R)

tiro ka mid ah ballaarinta toosan meydkiisii adag:

L = L1 * (1 + k * T),

halkaas oo L1 - dhererka at eber darajo Celsius,

T - heerkulka of kululaynta;

k - Wehliyaha ee ballaarinta (qiimaha miiska).

Taasoo la micno ah qaybta la kululaynta:

S = 3.14 * ((L1 * (1 + T k *) * (L1 * (1 + k * T))

cufnaanta hadda, sida hore u soo sheegnay:

J = waan / S

Haddaba, haddii qiimaha bedelay galay formula S markii kululeeyo, waxa uu noqonayaa mid iska cad in dhammaan saddexda qiimaha waa wada xiriira, iyo heerkulka door muhiim ah.

Mid ka mid ah ka ugu fudud su'aalo, kuwaas oo inta badan dadka cusub "ayaa xumaan" - a "sida si ay u qeexaan qaybta of silig." First, iyadoo la isticmaalayo taliye ama caliper ah (sax hoose) go'aamiyo dhexroorka. Markaas, waxa ay kor u si square ah oo tarma by 0.78 (bedka goobada). Taasi waa sidaas fudud.

Laakiin dhab ahaan, xiriirka waa qaybaha aad u muhiim ah oo koronto. In uu yahay, waxaad u baahan tahay in aad ogaato, tusaale ahaan, nooca silig waayo, taararka guriga. Qiimaha hadda waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa og isticmaalka awoodda qalab ama koox. Sidaas darteed, haddii outlet ku xiran yahay in wax soo saarka ee 2 kilowatts kidhligii, ay hadda waa 2000 W / 220 = 9 A. Haddaba, miis gaar ah codes korontada, ka heli kartaa qaybta la doonayo. Waxaa la tixgelinayo tirada guud ee fiilooyin in cable ah; wax kaari (aluminium, copper); saareen habka (furan, in tuubo, jarida grooves); danab iyo qiimaha ah ogolyahay hadda. Tusaale ahaan, silig copper 1 mm sq ah., Derbigii la immured, oo awood badan dabadood, hadda ka mid ah 14 amps, taas oo u dhiganta 3 kw, (waayo, danab dhaxe ee 220 volts).

tiirsanaanta The oo ka mid ah , awood hadda iyo danab saarka ka soo caanaha fudud:

P = U * I,

halkaas oo P - korontada ee watts;

U - danab line in volts ah;

I - hadda ka jirta amperes.

Fiiro gaar ah qaybaha cabbirka! Natiijadan ayaa waxa ay noqon doontaa mid aan sax ahayn, haddii, tusaale ahaan, halkii ay qiimaha ku watts in caanaha ay u badali tiro ka mid ah kilowatts.