Steel carbon Low: Halabuurka iyo hantida

steel carbon Low waa xoojisay. Its caan ku salaysan yahay guryaha jireed, kiimikada iyo kharash yar. daawaha Tani waxaa si balaadhan looga isticmaalaa warshadaha iyo dhismaha. Ha ka fikiro si aynu noocan ah birta.

Qaab-dhismeedka

Steel - bir ah ku hodanaynta la carbon geedi socodka dikhaw. Waayo, carbon caadiga ah dhalaalayaa joogitaanka carbon, taas oo go'aan ka sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee biraha, iyo nijaasta: fosfooraska (ilaa 0.07%), Silicon (0,35%), baaruud (ilaa 0,06%), manganese (ilaa 0.8% ). Sayidka, steel carbon yar yahay ma ku jira in ka badan 0,25% carbon. Marka la eegayo daro kale, manganese iyo Silicon waa deoxidation (oxygen u qaadidda ka biraha la shubay, taas oo yaraynaysa brittleness lagu jiro lahayo ku kulul). Laakiin boqolkiiba kordhay baaruud ah waxay keeni kartaa in arrinkaas of daawaha lagu jiro processing kaamerada of fosfooraska - at qabow.

Hababka diyaarinta

Production of daawaha low-carbon lagu giirte karaa dhowr marxaladood: loading foornada, iyo birta duugga ah (amarka), saameynta kaamerada gobolka xaabo, ka saarida mass wasakhnimadii. Next, waxaa laga yaabaa in loo shubay bir ama daaweyn dheeraad ah, slag ama vacuum, iyo gaasaska inert.

Waayo, fulinta hababka kuwanu waa saddex siyaabood:

• Foornooyinka girgire Open. The qalabka ugu badan. habka barafku wuxuu qaadanayaa meel dhawr saacadood gudahood, kaas oo u ogolaanaya la socodka tayada laboratories kooban.
• foorno Convection. Soo saaray buunankay oxygen. Waa in la ogaadaa in Alloys helay sidan aan kuwa tayo sare leh, sababtoo ah waxay ku jiraan xaddi weyn ee nijaasta ahaa.
• Oo Foornooyinka induction. habka wax soo saarka waxaa la isticmaalayo slag a. Sidaas, tayo sare leh-iyo Alloys gaar ah.

Ka fiirso muuqaalada kala soocidda ee Alloys.

noocyada

steel carbon Low laga yaabaa in saddex nooc:

• tayada Celceliska. content baaruud ee Alloys sida aan ka badnayn 0,06%, fosfooraska 0.07%.
• Tayada. In joogitaanka kooban: ilaa 0.04% baaruud, ilaa 0,035% fosfooraska.
• tayo sare leh. content baaruudda in 0,025% kor u fosfooraska in 0,025%
• tayada Gaarka ah. content yar ee nijaasta ahaa, ilaa 0,015% baaruud, fosfooraska - 0,025%.

Sida ku xusan ka hor, yar nijaasta ah, si fiican ugu tayada daawaha. Steel GOST 380-94 tayada caadiga fudud weli kala qaybiyey saddex kooxood:

• A. go'aamiyo hantida farsamo. Form bixinta si ay macaamiisha waxaa inta badan laga helaa qaab ah waxyaabaha kala duwan iyo sheet.
• B. Tilmaamayaasha Muhiimka ah - Halabuurka kiimikada iyo guryaha. farsamo si mug leh saameyn cadaadis ku hoos factor kaamerada (ildheer, jediyay).
• B. Waayo, kuwaas oo nooc oo Alloys guryaha sida: farsamada, farsamada, jirka, kiimikada, oo sidaas daraaddeed kooban.

By habka of deoxidation bir u qaybsan yahay:

• Deji. habka solidification qaadataa meel si nabad ah. Gaasaska la nidaamka noocan oo kale ah aan la qoondeeyey. Yaraanshaha dhacdaa dhexe ee ingot ah.
• Semikilled. Intermediate karaya nooca birta dhexeeya is dajiyaan oo isugu darey.
• Kulayl badan. Solidification kaaga horumar gaaska. Tuubooyin qarinaayay nooca.

guryaha Key

steel carbon Low waxa lagu gartaa ductility sare, waxaa si fudud doorinaynaa ee gobolka qabow iyo in kulul. feature A ee kala duwan ee daawaha tani waa weldability wanaagsan. Iyada oo ku xidhan sifooyinka birta xubno dheeraad ah kala duwanaan karaan. Inta badan, Alloys low-carbon waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhismaha iyo warshadaha. Tan waxa u sabab qiimaha hooseeyo iyo guryaha xoog wanaagsan. daawaha Tan waxaa lagu magacaabaa dhisme ah. The sifooyinka steel low-carbon waxaa encoded ee qoraalka. Hoos waxa aynu eegi doonaa sifooyinka ay.

Features calaamadeynta

steel khafiif ah caadiga ah ayaa CT naqshada warqad iyo digital. Tirada waa in la kala qaybiyey 100, ka dibna waxa loo fahmi doonaa boqolkiiba content carbon. Tusaale ahaan, ST15 (0.15% carbon).

Tixgeli sixitaanka iyo rayi Calaamooyinka:

• Warqad First horseedeen, ayaa sheegay in ku saabsan ka tirsan ama in koox ahaan. Waxaa laga yaabaa in B ama C. Haddii ay jirto warqad lahayn, markaas waa daawaha ah iska leh category A.
• Cm tusinaysaa erayga "steel".
• calaamado Digital - Windows XP boqolkiiba carbon.
• kp, Sabuurka - tusinaysaa karaya ama daawaha semikilled. la'aanta ah ee naqshada muujinaysaa bir oo ay ku dhinteen (CN).
• Iyo magaca warqad ka dib markii digital daaha kasta oo nijaasta ka mid ah sideeda, iyo boqolleyda. Tusaale ahaan, T - manganese, Yu - aluminium, F - vanadium.

Doorshadan warqad "St" ee sixitaanka aan u tayo sare leh steel low-carbon. Sidoo kale, naqshada midabka waxaa laga codsadaa. Tusaale ahaan, carbon hooseeyo steel fasalka 10 waa cad yahay in midabka. Steel ujeedooyin gaar ah lagu muujinaysaa laga yaabaa by characters dheeraad ah. Tusaale ahaan, "ayuu K" - waxaa loo isticmaalaa in dhismaha kuleeliyaha; Cusbo - isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo oo ulahooda wareejiya gaariga, iwm ...

waxyaabaha soo saaray

Waxaa jira kooxo dhowr ah oo alaabta birta:

• steel Sheet. Dacawo: giringiriyey (GOST 19903-74) duubay (GOST 19904-74), wideband (GOST 8200-70), strips (GOST 103-76) waa jiingado (GOST 8568-78)
• profiles aaqirkii. Isle (GOST 8509-93), aan qummanaynu (GOST 8510-86).
• Channels (GOST 8240-93).
• I-alwaaxdii saqafka haysay. I-dogob caadiga ah (GOST 8239-89), I-dogob, duwani (GOST 26020-83, STO AISU 20-93).
• Dhuumaha.
• Gogosha ka qortay.

Si aad liiska this dar qeybaha sare, kuwaas oo la aasaasay by shaqada iyo machined alxanka.

Fields codsiga

Field isticmaalka steel carbon hooseeyo ballaaran oo ku xiran sixitaanka:

• Cm 0, 1, 3Gsp. Si ballaaran loo adeegsado dhismaha. Tusaale ahaan, silig a xoojinta of steel khafiif ah,
• 05kp, 08, 08kp, 08U. Good for feer iyo sawir qabow (plasticity sare). Waxay waxaa loo isticmaalaa in suuqa baabuurta, qeybaha jirka, Haamaha Shiidaalka, gariiradda, qaybo ka mid ah dhismayaasha welded.
• 10, 15 waxaa loo isticmaalaa qaybo ka mid ah in aan la hoos geliyey wax ugu rarataan culaysyo sare. Biibiile oo kululeeyaha, feedh, laysku xidho, handarraabbadeedii, boolal.
• 18kp. codsiga caadiga ah - dhismaha, kaas oo la fuliyaa iyadoo la kaashanayo alxanka.
• 20, 25. Waxaa si ballaaran loo isticmaalo soo saaridda qalabka fiiriyey. Laysku xidho, tappets waalka, loox iyo qaybaha kale ee mashiinada beeraha.
• 30, 35. The sumadaynta on taas oo load yar yahay, Sprockets, geerka iyo wixii la mid ah D..
• 40, 45, 50. Details kulma load celcelis ahaan. Tusaale ahaan, crankshafts, saxanno khilaaf.
• 60-85. Qaybo ka mid xiran load sare. Waxay noqon kartaa biraha giraangirihiina tareenada for wiish, ilo, dhaqa.

Sida laga arki karo, soo saaray kala duwan oo ballaaran - Waa silig steel low-carbon ah ma aha oo kaliya. Waxa kale oo ay faahfaahinaysaa ah hababka adag.

daawaha Low iyo steel low-carbon: kala duwanaanshaha

Wixii horumar ah sifooyinka mid ka mid ah daawaha ku daray xubno alloying. Steels ay ku jiraan xaddi Cheb hoose ee carbon (ilaa boqolkiiba afar meelood meel) iyo dopants (boqolkiiba wadarta - 4%) waxaa lagu magacaabaa hooseeyo alloyed. rogid noocan oo kale haysaa tayada Weld sare, laakiin guryaha kala duwan yihiin wanaajiyey. Tusaale ahaan, xoog, waxqabadka anticorrosion iyo wixii la mid ah. Sida caadiga ah, labada noocyada loo isticmaalo dhismayaasha welded waa u adkeysan kala duwan heerkulka ka jaray 40 si lagu daray 450 degrees Celsius ah.

Features alxanka

Alxanka ee steels carbon leeyihiin heerka sare. nooca alxanka, electrodes oo dhumucdiisuna waxay la doorto ee ku salaysan xogta farsamada ee soo socda:

• xarunta ay daruuri tahay waa in si adag addoonsi.
• Waa in aysan jirin cilado dun.
• Walxaha kiimikada ee Weld in la sameeyaa heerka waafaqsan qeexan GOST ah.
• xidhiidhada welded waa in ay buuxiyaan shuruudaha qalliinka (iska caabin gariirka, stress makaanikada, nidaam heerkulka).

Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa kala duwan noocyada kala duwan ee alxanka ka gaaska alxanka deegaan carbon dioxide koronto consumable. Marka aad tixgeliyaan doorashada ee fusibility sare low-carbon iyo low-daawaha.

Iyadoo la tixgelinayo gaar ah baaxadda, birta carbon yar yahay waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhismaha iyo injineernimada. fasalka Steel waxaa doortay isagoo ku salaysan wax soo saarka looga baahan yahay guryaha jireed iyo kiimikada. Joogitaanka xubno alloying hagaajiyo laga yaabaa in mid ka mid ah hantida (caabiga daxalka, isbedel heerkulka), laakiin sidoo kale xaqiro kale. weldability Good - Faa'iidada kale ee Alloys sida.

Sidaas daraaddeed, waxaan ogaaday in wax soo saarka waa low-carbon iyo steel low-daawaha.