The baabuurta ugu horeysay ee adduunka

Waxa kaliya sidaas waxay u noqotay in taariikhda guddiga ka mid ah daahfurtay weyn inta badan keeni Silsilad of coincidences. Sidaas darteed of kadis ah banal iyo baabuurta ugu horeysay.

In la dhiso "qaadee is-gano" riyo maankoodu badan. Leonardo da Vinci shaqeeyay ku saabsan sawirrada gaariga ugu horeysay. Uu baabuur la drive guga ee Renaissance ah ka qayb maraan iyo ciidaha dad. Seynisyahanno Florence 2004 leydin design ka Da Vinci ka badbaaday sawiro iyo Dakatu. Tani waxay si cad u cadeyneysaa in baabuurta marka hore si fiican u jiri karaan in Zaman ee hindisa weyn.

Laakiin drive guga Talyaaniga ma kalsooni geliyaan isku halaynta of hab ay. Shaqeeyaan horumarinta daydo sii sii. Iyo helitaanka soo socda ahayd been abuurtay ee Polzunova makaanik mashiinka uumi automatic Ruush. keligeed, mishiinka aan dhaqaaqin, laakiin waxa uu awood u diinta tamarta shidaalka galay tamarta kaamerada, taas oo iyana ka qayb qaatay geeddi-socodka vaporization ee kuleyliyaha. Labada ciyaaryahan A waxaa loo isticmaali karaa iyaga u bannaan. Iyadoo uu sal u uumi engine ku Polzunova Faransiis hindisa N. Cugnot abuuray qaadee is-gano. Waxa loo adeegsaday sida gaari gaadiidka ee hubka. Gaadhi oo la uumi ah dejinta ee miisaanka iyo size la tartami karin baabuur casri ah. Maxaa ku kici shidaalka iyo miisaanka oo biyo ah loo baahan yahay si ay dhaqdhaqaaqa kaliya. Iyada oo miisaanka ah xawaaraha ugu horeysay gaariga sida ku dhawaad gaadho 4 km / h.

engine Steam ma dabataagan kaliya by ajnabiga. Ivan Kulibin, hindisa caanka ah oo ka mid ah is-baray, oo shaqeeyay si ay u horumariyaan gaariga. Its design ahaa farsamo ahaan way ka adag tahay France. In ka fikirtaan samokatke baabuur-kulibinskoy ayaa si weyn u yareeyo Wehliyaha khilaaf ah, handwheel ah, jidaynayey soo kordha kala jejebiyey usheeda dhexe isbeddelkaas iyo xataa adhaxda ee gear ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, baabuurta marka hore lagama helin Kulibina codsiga wax ku ool ah.

Sidaas daraaddeed wuu diiday taariikhda gaari oo qabtay waddammo engine shiilayo haddii Gottlieb Daimler iyo Karl Benz Maanaan Abuurin engine baatrool ah. Dabcan, si buuxda u Yeeleen labadan nin weyn, ammaanta engine ku sari gudaha ee abuurtay ku noqon lahaa cadaalad darro. Cadaalad darro in howlwadeenada kale ee 400, oo ay ku jiraan injineer Nicholas Otto, helay patent ah mishiin lihi gudaha.

muuqaalka ICE ahaa tub taariikhda mashiinada is-gano ah. Haddaba Karl Benz , ka badan ama ka yar si sax ah u matalayay waxa baabuur ugu horeysay si adag isu adkayn karaa sheekooyinka. In 1886, Benz zapatentovyvaet abuurkiisa cusub - qaadee is-gano. Sida ciidanka wadista waxa uu u adeegsaday engine baatrool ah. Waxaase xusid mudan, naqshadeeye kale Jarmal, Gottlieb Daimler, abuuraa markabka ka mid ah. Xaaladdan oo kale laba alifay madax banaan shaqeeyay. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in sanad ka hor Daimler abuuray carburetor hore iyo mooto, guulaheenna hindisa baabuur dhab helay Benz.

The baabuurta marka hore ahaayeen Karla Bentsa saddex-Wheeler gaadhifardood double. Halkii fardo, iyaga waa la soo geliyey gaadiidka biyo-qaboojiyey baatrool engine a. engine ayaa waxaa la geeyaa meel siman kor dariiq dhexaad ka gadaal. Xuddunta The gudbiyo dariiq dhexaad ah oo macneheedu yahay laba silsilad oo ah gudbinta suunka. Si aad u bilowdo naqshadeeye engine dhigay batari galvanic. In kasta oo xaqiiqda ah in jir gaariga ka kooban yahay dhuumaha biraha iyo aad u jilicsan, iyo xawaaraha ugu badan ee darawalka xisaabtami karin kama badna 16 km / h, waxa uu ahaa horumar la taaban karo ee taariikhda injineernimada. Waa shaqaalaha, kuwaas oo markii dambe awood u samaynta in la abuuro-xawaaraha sare ee baabuurta oo casri ah.