The Duke of Alba: Biography

Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba, kuwaas oo Biography sheegayaa wax badan oo xaqiiqada xiiso leh oo ku saabsan naftiisa iyo shaqada, waxa uu ku dhashay 1507. Waxa ay ahayd guud ahaan si fiican loo og Isbaanish, iyo sidoo kale halyay ah oo caan ah. Sababtoo ah ee uu cadaawadda waxaa lagu naanayso "Iron Duke".

Childhood iyo dhalinyarada ee lagu hoobtay Duke mustaqbalka

Fernando De Toledo waxa uu ku dhashay on October 29, 1508 mid ka mid ah oldest iyo inta badan la ixtiraamo qoysaska sharaf leh ee Spain. Aabbihiis dhintay markii Alvarez de Toledo weli da 'yar, ka dibna waxaa la soo bixiyey awoowe adag. Waxa uu sameeyay dadaal kasta si ay u koraan ka soo wiil si Catholic, anoo addoonkaaga ah sintaan Haweejkiinna dhexdooda aamin boqorka, iyo askari dishibiliin. At da'da lix iyo toban sannadood Duke of Alba ayaa noqday mid sirkaal ah ee ololaha ee Emperor Charles V dhanka ah Faransiis ah.

Tan iyo 1531 Fernando ayaa door hoggaamineed ka soo horjeeda dowladda Turkigu. Waxaa intaa dheer, wuxuu u dallacsiiyey in guud ahaan laba sano ka dib oo naftiisa kala duwanaayeen inta lagu guda jiro hareeraynta ee Tunis ee 1535. Ka dib markii weerar Faransiis difaacaneysa Perpignan ee 1542-m, waxaa loo magacaabay by Charles la taliyaha ciidamada Fifth in uu, Philippe.

The dagaalo ugu fiican u yaqaan ee taariikhda

The Duke of Alba amray oo fardooley ah, oo inta badan ka qayb qaatay guusha Imperial ee Mühlberg ee 1547. Iyo shan sannadood ka dib, Fernando Alvarez wareegay taliska guud ee ciidamada Spain ee Italy. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Duke ma laga hortagi karo guuldarro oo ka mid ah ciidamada Imperial, sida natiijo of this keentay in ka gaabin ee gooyo ee 1556.

Philip II, wuxuu noqday Boqorka Spain, Fernando de Toledo, taliyaha magacaabay ee Milan, iyo sidoo kale taliyaha ciidamada militariga ee Italy. ee Duke of Alba Waxaa dagaal ka dhan ah ciidanka le'daan of Paul afraad, oo ahaa xulafo la ah Faransiis ah, madaxa iyo toban kun oo askari oo Isbaanish. Iyada oo laga fogaado weerar toos ah ku Rome, in uu jiro celcelin ma 1527.

trick ee Pope ka, ama guul buuxda Fernando

Aabaha iska dhiiri soo horjeeda in ay xabad joojin ah, ayaa rajeynaya in wakhtigan kor u qaadi doonaa Ciidamada Faransiis, laakiin kooxda reer Spain ku qabanay iyo adkaaday ee Battle of San Quentin. Oo aan taageero ka ciidammadii filayaa ciidamada le'daan looga adkaaday. Fernando Alvarez sababay Pope in ay aqbalaan adduunka ee 1557, taas oo uu bixiyo saldanad reer Spain ee Italy muddo ka badan boqol sano.

In isla sanadkaas u dhexeeya ciqaab of Spain iyo France xabad joojin ah la saxiixay Cateau-Cambrésis. Iyadoo socday heshiiskan, jasiiradda Talyaaniga ku jiray xaalad dheer nasasho. Iyo marxaladda soo socota muhiim ah in Biography ee Fernando caan ah - olole ka mid ah Duke of Alba ee 1567 iyo xeerka ku xiga dalka Netherlands, taas oo uu ka tagay calaamad u qoto dheer ee taariikhda sababtoo ah dhacdooyinka calool adag oo dhiig leh.

Camal lagu hoobtay ee Duke caanka ah

Bishii August 1566 Netherlands ahaa fallaago Iconoclastic, inta lagu guda jiro kaas oo la boobay ama xataa halaagnay ma aha oo kaliya tirada Macaabidda Yuhuud, laakiin sidoo kale kaniisadaha iyo Sidaana Catholic. Si loo xaliyo dhibaatooyinka arrimaha rayidka ah iyo diinta Korol Filipp II diray Fernando keentay ciidan dooro Nederland. Waxaa ka Duke of Alba, kuwaas oo Biography ballaarinaya on muddo this, ka tagay a xusuus ugu hoobtay.

Fernando galay territory ee Brussels ee August 22, 1567 oo loo magacaabay taliyaha guud. Oo dhawr maalmood ka dib waxa uu aasaasay "Golaha Dhiig" si loo xakameeyo faasiqnimo iyo caasinnimo. Golaha Tani waxaa la gunti adag ka shaqeeya. Xitaa laba ka mid ah kuwii gobta ahaa ee ugu muhiimsan iyo caanka ah ee dalka, garaafyo, cutub ka mid ah dadkii ku abtirsan ah Vlaamse, Egmont iyo Horn, waxaa la xiray iyo saaray maxkamad. ay markii danbe toogasho ah.

nidaamka canshuurta cusub

Sidoo kale xukun dil ah lagu sakhiray in ka badan hal kun oo nin oo dhan saf ah, iyo dad badan oo dibadda u cararay sababo ammaan dartood. Dhammaan kuwa la xukumay, qaybshay June 5, 1568kii, at Town Hall Square ee Brussels. The Duke of Alba leh dabeecad adag, ma hubo in caddaaladda Vlaamse. Wuxuu arkay sida naxariis ah eedaysanayaasha. Sidaa darteed, Fernando Alvarez doorbiday fulinta marka markhaatiyaal badan.

Dayactirka ka mid ah ciidamada Flanders wuxu kharashka dhaqaale oo muhiim ah. Oo Duke qabta of Alba go'aansaday inay soo bandhigto qaab cusub oo canshuuraha ee wadamada Benelux, inta badan ku xiran habka canshuurta Spain heer ah toban boqolkiiba on iibsiga kasta oo alaabta. Qaar badan oo ka mid ah gobolka wakhtigaas iibsaday jidkiisa on lacag hal-mar ah, wuxuu bilaabay walaac qoto dheer arrintan la xiriira, in barwaaqada ay kuwa wadamada Benelux waxaa wiiqay.

Waiver bixinta canshuurta, ama kacdoonkii mucaaradka

Qaar ka mid ah dadka deegaanka oo diiday in ay bixiyaan "meeltobnaadka" sida loogu magac daray canshuurta this, iyo bilaabay mudaharaad ah si deg deg ah ku faafi dhan Netherlands. naaneeso Prince of Orange, William Silent hadlay Huguenots ee France, si ay u siiyaan taageerada lagama maarmaanka ah, oo waxay bilaabeen inay taageeraan mucaaradka. Waxa uu, ay la socdaan ciidamo ka France waxaana qaatay wax badan oo ka mid ah goobaha.

hareereeyo A of Haarlem waxa lagu gartaa falalka dulmiga ah ee labada dhinac. Waxay ka dhiibin magaalada iyo khasaaraha ka mid ah oo ku saabsan laba kun oo qof ka qalin. Sababo la xiriira ololaha military oo dheer iyo cadaadis arxan darada ahaa ee muwaadiniinta mucaaradka qaatay ee Duke of Alba, Netherlands isaga xaqiijisatay naaneesta "Iron Duke".

Sumcadiisa ayaa loo isticmaalo dacaayad ka mid ah mucaaradka iyo saamaynta sii on dareenka anti-Isbaanish. Fernando hadhay caanka ah ee ciidanka Spanish, oo uusan ka waaban hal daqiiqo, mar walba si sax ah u maleynayaa in laga yaabaa in niyadda dadka.

soo laabashada Spain, ama sano ee la soo dhaafay ee uu noloshiisa

In kasta oo ay colaad joogto ah, xaaladda Netherlands ma aha in guushu Spain. Ka dib markii cadaadis fara badan, kaas oo socday muddo shan sano ah, waxay ku dhowaayeen shan kun oo dil iyo cabashooyinka joogto Philip II go'aansaday in uu yareeyo xaalada by jidaynayey Fernando de Toledo, inuu ku laabto Spain.

Duke ka Holland, wali bakhtiistay-goosato ah, December 18, 1573 u dhoofay. On uu ku soo laabtay Spain, Fernando qudhiisu ka waayay helay boqorkii. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, toddoba sano ka dib, Philip II wakiishay qabsashadii of Portugal isaga.

Fernando Alvarez guursaday 1527 adeerkiis Maria Enrique de Toledo. From guurka uu ka tagay afar dhaxla, Garcia, Fadrique, Diego iyo Beatriz. Waxa kale oo jira caddayn dokumeenti ah, in ilmuhu ugu horeysay uu ku dhalan guur, oo dhashay gabadhii Miller a ahaa.

The Duke of Alba, sawir ka mid ah, dabcan, wax yar waxaa loo yaqaan qof caadi ah, laakiin la yaqaan in taariikhyahan kasta oo daraasaad ku qoraayaashii dad magac, ku dhintay Lisbon on 11 December 1582kii. Fernando hadhaagii lagu wareejiyay Alba de Tormes, oo waxaa lagu aasay keniisad ee San Leonardo.