The ku'saabsan sayaxa August - eegista. Description of kala duwan ee, sifooyinka

Ku'saabsan ka timaadaa Georgia, halkaas oo ay la keenay oo waxay bilaabeen inay la beerayaa Peloponnese ee Greece. Waxa ay ahayd intii kun sannadood ah BC. e. Later waxay noqotay a geedo waaweyn oo midho pear caanka ah ee Beerood oo Ukraine ka Kievan rus, halkaas oo in 1660s waxa la keenay, oo waxay bilaabeen in ay koraan in Kremlin Izmailovo iyo beeraha ee Moscow.

Oo haddii qarnigii 17aad waxaa jiray oo ku saabsan 40 nooc oo ah baaraha, iyo qarnigii 19aad ee gobolka Kharkiv, waxaa horay 360 ahaayeen, maanta breeders mahad jira in ka badan 5,000 oo kala duwan. The pear ugu caansan jecel yahay in France, halkaas oo uu korayo 40 milyan oo geedaha kuwaas.

kala duwan oo ah baaraha

Isteroberi kala qaybsan yihiin noocyo xagaaga, dayrta iyo jiilaalka. Tani waa geed kulaylka-jecel iyo whimsical badan tufaax ah, sidaa daraadeed waxa uu la kulmi doonaa beerta ma ninkii beerta kasta hiwaayadda.

Wixii jiilaalka kala duwan yihiin geedo waaweyn oo midho ku fulan soo daahay, sida Yuryev, kuwaas oo baaraha ilaashadaan dhadhan iyo caraf udgoon ilaa January.

By dayrta noocyada ka mid ah baaraha la hardiness jiilaalka sare ama celcelis ahaan, siinta wax-soosaarkooda sare sannaddii 4-5th ka 150 ilaa 180 kg halkii geed. Waxaa ka mid ah noocyo of Moscow, malana Efimova, Veles, jecel ee Yakovlev iyo kuwa kale. pear Dayrta ripens dabayaaqadii August-September, oo sida caadiga ah miraha la kaydin karaa muddo laba bilood ah.

feature ugu weyn ee kala duwan xagaaga waa earliness. Inta badan oo iyaga ka mid leeyihiin iska caabin ah dhaxan wanaagsan iyo dhalid sare. Kaydinta Midhaha isteroberi xagaaga, iyadoo ku xiran kala duwan, laga bilaabo 10 maalmood oo ay laba bilood ah.

By sanadka la xidhiidho fasalka baaraha The sayaxa August, Severyanka cheeked, Chizhovski, Thumbelina, Butros iyo kuwa kale. Hawlaha Summer kala qaybsan yihiin hore (June, bartamihii July-) iyo sare (August) noocyo ku fulan.

August sayaxa

The August noocyo pear-engeeg la bilaabay Institute of Hidaha iyo Selection of Michurin sida winterhardiness xagaaga Yakovlev breeder view ah. Si aad u soo dheegato kala duwan oo cusub oo uu gudbeen uuu ku Pakgama Australia danqasho. Natiijadu waxay tahay geed yar oo taaj oo dhumucdiisuna dhexdhexaad ah iyo dhalid kordhay. The August height pear sayaxa of 2-2.5 m, ayaa dhowr taaj fool qulubsan.

Kala duwan Tani bilaabo inuu midho u dhali in 3-4 sano, oo uu leeyahay wax soo saarka sare. goosashada hore ee geedo yaryar kartaa ilaa 15 kg ee miro.

Laamihii ka jirridda in sort this dhow kordhiyo at xaglo xaq u leedahay, waxay leeyihiin dusha siman grayish. Wood ayaa kelyaha probudimostyu sare. kala duwan oo ku sii faafay caan ah tan iyo 2002 in dadka degan xagaaga oo ka mid ah gobolka Central Black Dhulka.

Diyaarinta iyo beeritaanka of geedo

geedo pear Xeebeedka waa in ay bilaabaan meel doorashada, taas oo ku xidhan xaaladaha cimilada taas oo beerta ku yaal:

• Ku'saabsan jecel yahay Qorraxda iyo meel bannaan oo u furan, si joog dabaysha-ilaaliyo beerta qorraxda xisbiga ugu. Doorashada time beerto waxay ku xiran tahay ninkii beerta ka shaqaynayay, laakiin intooda badan doorashada kuwa beeray pear on goobta, siiyey dayrta.
• Diyaarinta dhulka waa la diyaariyey by qodayaa meesha oo gelaysa bacriminta ciidda loo baahan yahay. pear intooda badan u baahan superphosphate, compost iyo potash Bacriminta, laakiin ma jirto xeerarka guud ahaan aqbalay, maxaa yeelay waxa ay gebi ahaanba ku xiran tahay tayada dalka.

• Beerto geedo pear baahan tahay in hab halis ah in xulashada wax beerto. Waa in la sameeyey ay guushu ku hal ama labadii sannoba hal dhirta. Sidoo kale waa muhiim si loo hubiyo tayada iyo xididdadiisa iyo xoog jirridda.
• Ka hor inta beerto, isku diyaarineysa godka ka badan ee nidaamka xididka of geedo, ugu muhiimsan, in dalka ay dhacdo in this ahaa dabacsan. Waayo, formation saxda ah ee foosto ee isla meel daloosha oo 30 cm ka ay saamiga xarunta-Ground.
• Marka seedling la hoos gelin doonaa godka, oo xididdada ka waa in la hir simay iyo daboolay dhulka. Markaas ciidda ku wareegsan geedaha ugu tuman oo hoos u, ka waraabin jireen iyo daboolay walaaqaya. Tani hayn doonaa qoyaan iyo taajir dhulka ku wareegsan baaraha ah.

Masaafada u dhaxaysa geedaha waa in la soo xulay oo ku salaysan wixii ay Crohn sameeyay. Tusaale ahaan, August ah beeralayda ratings sayaxa pear xaqiijin waxa ay leedahay taaj oo kale ah oo yaryar, sidaas masaafada u dhexeysa geedo waxay noqon kartaa ilaa 5 m. Noocyo leh laamo faafo u baahan karaan ilaa 7 mitir.

daryeelka

Si aan sapling lumo, waa inaad isla markiiba ka fikirto waraabinta tayo. Haddii beerta ku yaal aag leh cimilada kulul iyo roob yar, aad qodo agagaarka jeexdin geed oo buuxisid biyo. Si nidaamka xididka waa aan maydhay, biyaha waa in la tartiib ah ku quudin jiray. The ku'saabsan sayaxa August (dib u eegista gaadiidleeyda hadlo waxa ku saabsan) si fiican u qaaday markii waraabka buufiyo waxaa laga beddelo.

Arrin kale oo muhiim ah in geed ayaa si degdeg ah ku koray iyo soo kordhiyo xoog - ayaa la siii. Waayo, labadooduba gu jiraan manjooyin guga waa in ay ahaataa oo ku saabsan nus mitir dhulka ka. Haddii uu yahay laba sano, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in guga waa in meesha laga saaro caleemaha vertical dheeraad ah. Waxaa kaloo muhiim ah in si joogto ah loo dabciyo ciidda.

In xilliga dayrta pear jiilaalka iyo waa in laga ilaaliyo dhaxantii, xitaa haddii ay la xidhiidho kala duwan jiilaalka-Hardy. Tusaale ahaan, August sayaxa pear ah (sharaxaad ka mid ah tayada ay sheegtay in ay kala duwan Hardy jiilaalka ee heerka dhexe) u baahan a "duubo" barafka. Haddii xilliga qaboobaha ahaa snowless, waxaa lagu talinayaa in saydhaa xididdada dhul dheeraad ah.

Bacarimiso geedaha pear

Bacrimiya dhulka inta lagu guda jiro caga, waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto in xididdada geedo pear waa in aanay noqon in xiriir la potash iyo nitrogen Bacriminta. Waxay dili karaa rhizome ah, iyo seedling ku dhiman doonaa.

Geed baaluq, tusaale ahaan pear The sayaxa August, dib u beeralayda la hadal waxa ku saabsan, waa jecel yahay bacriminta organic - digada. Waxay leedahay dhamaan qaybaha lagama maarmaanka u ah kobaca habboon. Waa in sameeyaan heerka of 2.1 kg halkii 1 m ² gu 'kasta goobaabin hareeraha-jir.

In xilliga dayrta damaanad ugu wanaagsan ee koritaanka degdeg ah iyo horumarka geedka noqon doonaa hordhaca ah ee Bacriminta nitrogen. U fiican ka dib markii caleen leh bacriminta nitrogen ammonia.

description ee kala duwan ee

jecel A ee beeralayda noqday ku'saabsan The sayaxa August. description ee geedka waxaa ku qoran oo dhan sababo si gelin sort this ee dalka:

• Waxaa lagu gartaa koritaanka saa'idka ah iyo tillering. baraaruga guga Good.
• In pear this caleemaha qaro weyn leh lenticels badan.
• Baxdey size celcelis ahaan, laastikada, cagaar madow leh geesaha serrated dherer celcelis ahaan dhabarta.
• Ubax waa yar, cad 7-10 gogo 'halkii inflorescence.

Marka la eego in geedka ku koraa hooseeyo, halkii ay cidhiidhi ah, laakiin sare-dhalidda, waa ku haboon yahay meelaha yaryar oo hareeraheeda ah meesha kaydka mitir kasta oo dhulka.

tayada miraha

Ku'saabsan The sayaxa August, kuwii ku caashaqi jiray midho dhabta ah tani waxaa la xaqiijiyay, siinaysaa hadda nasoo iyo midhaha macaan yahay dhexdhexaad ah ee size. noocyo caadiga ah ee baaraha culayska ka 120 ilaa 150 g, inkasta oo dhulka wanaagsan iyo daryeel ku haboon, iyo waxay gaari kartaa 200 g

Waxay leeyihiin, jidhka cad nasoo oo hadhuudh ganaax, 100 g waxaa ku jira:

• sonkor - 8.5%;
• Klorofyll - 0.8%;
• ascorbic acid - 13 mg,
• Arbutin - 2.7%;
• P-firfircoon walax - 40 mg.

Ku'saabsan leedahay dhadhan fudud dhanaan-macaan iyo siiyaa miro ah oo qurux badan, oo waa la kaydin karaa ilaa 2 todobaad. fasalka miiska Tani, waxa wanaagsan in la cuno cusub iyo kariyo ka saxmadda iyo compotes.

rogaal beeralayda

In opinion ee beeralayda hiwaayadda, dharab August - waxaa kala duwan nekaprizny leh dhalidda sare iyo dhadhan fiican oo ah midhaha. pear Tani ma saamayn cudurada fangas, fulan iyo Hardy. tayada wanaagsan in ay koraan beertan kasta oo ku siin soo dajinno Biyaha sare ee sannad walba.